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Alsaad HN, Al-Jasani BM, Mahmood AAR, Tahtamouni LH, Saleh KM, AlSakhen MF, Kanaan SI, Yasin SR. Novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives of naproxen targeting EGFR: Synthesis, molecular docking studies, and cytotoxic evaluation. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22231. [PMID: 38956926 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The close association between inflammation and cancer inspired the synthesis of a series of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives (compounds H4-A-F) of 6-methoxynaphtalene. The chemical structures of the new compounds were validated utilizing Fourier-transform infrared, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic techniques and CHN analysis. Computer-aided drug design methods were used to predict the compounds biological target, ADMET properties, toxicity, and to evaluate the molecular similarities between the design compounds and erlotinib, a standard epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor. The antiproliferative effects of the new compounds were evaluated by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay, cell cycle analysis, apoptosis detection by microscopy, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and immunoblotting, and EGFR enzyme inhibition assay. In silico analysis of the new oxadiazole derivatives indicated that these compounds target EGFR, and that compounds H4-A, H4-B, H4-C, and H4-E show similar molecular properties to erlotinib. Additionally, the results indicated that none of the synthesized compounds are carcinogenic, and that compounds H4-A, H4-C, and H4-F are nontoxic. Compound H4-A showed the best-fit score against EGFR pharmacophore model, however, the in vitro studies indicated that compound H4-C was the most cytotoxic. Compound H4-C caused cytotoxicity in HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells by inducing both apoptosis and necrosis. Furthermore, compounds H4-D, H4-C, and H4-B had potent inhibitory effect on EGFR tyrosine kinase that was comparable to erlotinib. The findings of this inquiry offer a basis for further investigation into the differences between the synthesized compounds and erlotinib. However, additional testing will be needed to assess all of these differences and to identify the most promising compound for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba N Alsaad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
| | - Baan M Al-Jasani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
| | - Ammar A Razzak Mahmood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Lubna H Tahtamouni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Khaled M Saleh
- Department of Basic Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Mai F AlSakhen
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Sana I Kanaan
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Salem R Yasin
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
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2
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Tian X, Sun Z, Zhong Y, Yang H, Cheng M, Liu Y. Synthesis and Antitumor Activity Evaluation of Novel Echinatin Derivatives with a 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Moiety. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2254. [PMID: 38396931 PMCID: PMC10889159 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of novel echinatin derivatives with 1,3,4-oxadiazole moieties were designed and synthesized. Most of the newly synthesized compounds exhibited moderate antiproliferative activity against the four cancer cell lines. Notably, Compound T4 demonstrated the most potent activity, with IC50 values ranging from 1.71 µM to 8.60 µM against the four cancer cell lines. Cell colony formation and wound healing assays demonstrated that T4 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and inhibited migration. We discovered that T4 exhibited moderate binding affinity with the c-KIT protein through reverse docking. The results were effectively validated through subsequent molecular docking and c-KIT enzyme activity assays. In addition, Western blot analysis revealed that T4 inhibits the phosphorylation of downstream proteins of c-KIT. The results provide valuable inspiration for exploring novel insights into the design of echinatin-related hybrids as well as their potential application as c-KIT inhibitors to enhance the efficacy of candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (X.T.); (Z.S.); (Y.Z.); (H.Y.); (M.C.)
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3
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Al-Wahaibi LH, Alagappan K, Gomila RM, Blacque O, Frontera A, Percino MJ, El-Emam AA, Thamotharan S. A combined crystallographic and theoretical investigation of noncovalent interactions in 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione- N-Mannich derivatives: in vitro bioactivity and molecular docking. RSC Adv 2023; 13:34064-34077. [PMID: 38019986 PMCID: PMC10660235 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07169c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Two 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione-N-Mannich derivatives, specifically 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-[(2-trifluoromethylphenylamino)methyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thione (1) and 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-[(2,5-difluorophenylamino)methyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thione (2), were synthesized and then characterized by elemental analysis and NMR (1H and 13C) spectroscopy and the single crystal X-ray diffraction method. The formed weak intermolecular interactions in the solid-state structures of these derivatives were thoroughly investigated utilizing a variety of theoretical tools such as Hirshfeld surface analysis and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM). Furthermore, the CLP-PIXEL and density functional theory calculations were used to study the energetics of molecular dimers. Numerous weak intermolecular interactions such as C-H⋯S/Cl/F/π interactions, a directional C-Cl⋯Cl halogen bond, π-stacking, type C-F⋯F-C contact and a short F⋯O interaction, help to stabilize the crystal structure of 1. Crystal structure 2 also stabilizes with several weak intermolecular contacts, including N-H⋯S, C-H⋯N//Cl/F interactions, a highly directional C1-Cl1⋯C(π) halogen bond and C(π)⋯C(π) interaction. In vitro antimicrobial potency of compounds 1 and 2 was assessed against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains and the pathogenic yeast-like Candida albicans. Both compounds showed marked activity against all tested Gram-positive bacteria and weak activity against Escherichia coli and lacked inhibitory activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In addition, compounds 1 and 2 displayed good in vitro anti-proliferative activity against hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG-2) and mammary gland breast cancer (MCF-7) cancer cell lines. Molecular docking studies revealed the binding modes of title compounds at the active sites of prospective therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamya H Al-Wahaibi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh 11671 Saudi Arabia
| | - Kowsalya Alagappan
- Biomolecular Crystallography Laboratory and DBT-Bioinformatics Center, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613 401 India
| | - Rosa M Gomila
- Departament de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears Ctra. de Valldemossa km 7.5, Baleares 07122 Palma de Mallorca Spain
| | - Olivier Blacque
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Departament de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears Ctra. de Valldemossa km 7.5, Baleares 07122 Palma de Mallorca Spain
| | - M Judith Percino
- Unidad de Polímeros y Electrónica Orgánica, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Val3-Ecocampus Valsequillo Independencia O2 Sur 50, San Pedro Zacachimalpa Puebla 72960 CP México
| | - Ali A El-Emam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University Mansoura 35516 Egypt
| | - Subbiah Thamotharan
- Biomolecular Crystallography Laboratory and DBT-Bioinformatics Center, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613 401 India
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4
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Mashood Ahamed FM, Shakya B, Shakya S. Synthesis and characterization of a novel Mannich base benzimidazole derivative to explore interaction with human serum albumin and antimicrobial property: experimental and theoretical approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:8701-8714. [PMID: 36284457 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2136757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The novel Mannich base benzimidazole derivative (CB-1), 1-((1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)(3-chlorophenyl)methyl)-3-phenylurea) has been designed and synthesized by reacting benzimidazole, 3-chloro benzaldehyde, and N-Phenyl urea. CB-1 has been characterized by UV- Visible, FTIR, and 1H NMR. CB-1 was explored to study the interaction with the most abundant blood protein which involved in the role of transport of molecules (drugs), human serum albumin (HSA). Fluorescence results are evident for the presence of both dynamic and static quenching mechanisms in the binding of CB-1 to HSA. Antimicrobial screening were carried out against three bacteria and three fungi pathogens employing disc diffusion method. Molecular docking using AutoDock Vina tool further confirms the experimental binding interactions obtained from fluorescence. Density functional theory (DFT) with B3LYP/6-311G++ basis set was used for correlating theoretical data and obtaining optimized structures of CB-1 along with reactants with molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) map and HOMO→LUMO energy gap calculation. HIGHLIGHTSThe novel Mannich base benzimidazole derivative (CB-1) has been designed and synthesized by Mannich reaction.CB-1 has been characterized by UV- Visible, FTIR, and 1H NMR.Fluorescence quenching reveals that HSA binds to CB-1 via aromatic residues, which is corroborated by molecular docking.Antifungal and antibacterial activity was evaluated in comparison to Nystatin and Gentamicin standard drugs, respectively.DFT calculations support experimental data and provide HOMO-LUMO energy gap.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Mashood Ahamed
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Barkha Shakya
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Sonam Shakya
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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5
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Kulkarni B, Manjunatha K, Joy MN, Sajith AM, Santra S, Zyryanov GV, Prashantha CN, Alshammari MB, Sunil K. Exploration of NMI-MsCl mediated amide bond formation for the synthesis of novel 3,5-substituted-1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives: synthesis, evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity and molecular docking studies. Mol Divers 2023; 27:1867-1878. [PMID: 36219380 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10536-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
We herein report the facile synthesis of a series of 3,5-substituted-1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives 9a-e and 10a-e in good to excellent yields by employing NMI-MsCl mediated amide bond formation reaction. The anti-inflammatory potential of the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated by anti-denaturation assay using diclofenac sodium as the reference drug. The compounds 9a and 9d demonstrated promising activity profile when compared to the reference standard. The SAR and molecular docking studies were also carried out for obtaining more details about the profound activity profile of the synthesized molecules. The synthesized compounds were docked against two target proteins TGF-β and IL-1 by AutoDock vina and Auto Dock 4.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kulkarni
- Research and Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, 641046, India
| | - K Manjunatha
- Research and Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, 641046, India.
- Department of Chemistry, Nagarjuna College of Engineering and Technology, Devanahalli, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562164, India.
| | - Muthipeedika Nibin Joy
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Street, Yekaterinburg, Russia, 620002
| | | | - Sougata Santra
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Street, Yekaterinburg, Russia, 620002
| | - Grigory V Zyryanov
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Street, Yekaterinburg, Russia, 620002
- I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskoy Street, Yekaterinburg, Russia, 620219
| | - C N Prashantha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, Reva University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560064, India
| | - Mohammed B Alshammari
- Chemistry Department, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 83, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - K Sunil
- Department of Chemistry, SSIT, Sri Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumkur, Karnataka, 572107, India
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6
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Waiker D, Verma A, Saraf P, T.A. G, Krishnamurthy S, Chaurasia RN, Shrivastava SK. Development and Evaluation of Some Molecular Hybrids of N-(1-Benzylpiperidin-4-yl)-2-((5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)thio) as Multifunctional Agents to Combat Alzheimer's Disease. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:9394-9414. [PMID: 36936338 PMCID: PMC10018501 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c08061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A series of some novel compounds (SD-1-17) were designed following a molecular hybridization approach, synthesized, and biologically tested for hAChE, hBChE, hBACE-1, and Aβ aggregation inhibition potential to improve cognition and memory functions associated with Alzheimer's disease. Compounds SD-4 and SD-6 have shown multifunctional inhibitory profiles against hAChE, hBChE, and hBACE-1 enzymes in vitro. Compounds SD-4 and SD-6 have also shown anti-Aβ aggregation potential in self- and acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-induced thioflavin T assay. Both compounds have shown a significant propidium iodide (PI) displacement from the cholinesterase-peripheral active site (ChE-PAS) region with excellent blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and devoid of neurotoxic liabilities. Compound SD-6 ameliorates cognition and memory functions in scopolamine- and Aβ-induced behavioral rat models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Ex vivo biochemical estimation revealed a significant decrease in malonaldehyde (MDA) and AChE levels, while a substantial increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione (GSH), and ACh levels is seen in the hippocampal brain homogenates. The histopathological examination of brain slices also revealed no sign of neuronal or any tissue damage in the SD-6-treated experimental animals. The in silico molecular docking results of compounds SD-4 and SD-6 showed their binding with hChE-catalytic anionic site (CAS), PAS, and the catalytic dyad residues of the hBACE-1 enzymes. A 100 ns molecular dynamic simulation study of both compounds with ChE and hBACE-1 enzymes also confirmed the ligand-protein complex's stability, while quikprop analysis suggested drug-like properties of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Digambar
Kumar Waiker
- Pharmaceutical
Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering
and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology-Banaras
Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Akash Verma
- Pharmaceutical
Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering
and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology-Banaras
Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Poorvi Saraf
- Pharmaceutical
Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering
and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology-Banaras
Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Gajendra T.A.
- Neurotherapeutics
Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and
Technology, Indian Institute of Technology-Banaras
Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sairam Krishnamurthy
- Neurotherapeutics
Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and
Technology, Indian Institute of Technology-Banaras
Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia
- Institute
of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sushant Kumar Shrivastava
- Pharmaceutical
Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering
and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology-Banaras
Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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7
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Kavitha R, Sa’ad MA, Fuloria S, Fuloria NK, Ravichandran M, Lalitha P. Synthesis, Characterization, Cytotoxicity Analysis and Evaluation of Novel Heterocyclic Derivatives of Benzamidine against Periodontal Disease Triggering Bacteria. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020306. [PMID: 36830219 PMCID: PMC9952644 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease (PD) is multifactorial oral disease that damages tooth-supporting tissue. PD treatment includes proper oral hygiene, deep cleaning, antibiotics therapy, and surgery. Despite the availability of basic treatments, some of these are rendered undesirable in PD treatment due to side effects and expense. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to develop novel molecules to combat the PD triggering pathogens. The study involved the synthesis of 4-((5-(substituted-phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methoxy)benzamidine (5a-e), by condensation of 2-(4-carbamimidoylphenoxy)acetohydrazide (3) with different aromatic acids; and synthesis of 4-((4-(substituted benzylideneamino)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methoxy)benzamidine (6a-b) by treatment of compound 3 with CS2 followed by hydrazination and a Schiff reaction with different aromatic aldehydes. Synthesized compounds were characterized based on the NMR, FTIR, and mass spectrometric data. To assess the effectiveness of the newly synthesized compound in PD, new compounds were subjected to antimicrobial evaluation against P. gingivalis and E. coli using the micro-broth dilution method. Synthesized compounds were also subjected to cytotoxicity evaluation against HEK-293 cells using an MTT assay. The present study revealed the successful synthesis of heterocyclic derivatives of benzamidine with significant inhibitory potential against P. gingivalis and E. coli. Synthesized compounds exhibited minimal to the absence of cytotoxicity. Significant antimicrobial potential and least/no cytotoxicity of new heterocyclic analogs of benzamidine against PD-triggering bacteria supports their potential application in PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramasamy Kavitha
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Science, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Auwal Sa’ad
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Science, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia
- Centre of Excellence for Vaccine Development (CoEVD), Faculty of Applied Science, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Shivkanya Fuloria
- Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Neeraj Kumar Fuloria
- Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
- Correspondence: (N.K.F.); (M.R.)
| | - Manickam Ravichandran
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Science, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia
- Centre of Excellence for Vaccine Development (CoEVD), Faculty of Applied Science, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia
- Mygenome, ALPS Global Holding, Kuala Lumpur 50400, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (N.K.F.); (M.R.)
| | - Pattabhiraman Lalitha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia
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Shankara SD, Isloor AM, Kudva AK, Raghu SV, Jayaswamy PK, Venugopal PP, Shetty P, Chakraborty D. 2,5-Bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)phenyl-tethered 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles Derivatives: Synthesis, In Silico Studies, and Biological Assessment as Potential Candidates for Anti-Cancer and Anti-Diabetic Agent. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248694. [PMID: 36557829 PMCID: PMC9781914 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, a series of new 1-{5-[2,5-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-3-acetyl-2-aryl-2H/methyl derivatives were synthesized through a multistep reaction sequence. The compounds were synthesized by the condensation of various aldehydes and acetophenones with the laboratory-synthesized acid hydrazide, which afforded the Schiff's bases. Cyclization of the Schiff bases yielded 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives. By spectral analysis, the structures of the newly synthesized compounds were elucidated, and further, their anti-cancer and anti-diabetic properties were investigated. To examine the dynamic behavior of the candidates at the binding site of the protein, molecular docking experiments on the synthesized compounds were performed, followed by a molecular dynamic simulation. ADMET (chemical absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) prediction revealed that most of the synthesized compounds follow Lipinski's rule of 5. The results were further correlated with biological studies. Using a cytotoxic assay, the newly synthesized 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles were screened for their in vitro cytotoxic efficacy against the LN229 Glioblastoma cell line. From the cytotoxic assay, the compounds 5b, 5d, and 5m were taken for colony formation assay and tunnel assay have shown significant cell apoptosis by damaging the DNA of cancer cells. The in vivo studies using a genetically modified diabetic model, Drosophila melanogaster, indicated that compounds 5d and 5f have better anti-diabetic activity among the different synthesized compounds. These compounds lowered the glucose levels significantly in the tested model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathyanarayana D. Shankara
- Membrane and Separation Technology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore 575025, India
- Solara Active Pharma Sciences, No:120 A&B, Industrial Area, Baikampady, New Mangalore, Mangalore 575011, India
| | - Arun M. Isloor
- Membrane and Separation Technology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore 575025, India
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +91-824-2474033
| | - Avinash K. Kudva
- Department of Biochemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Mangalore 574199, India
| | - Shamprasad Varija Raghu
- Neurogenetics Lab, Department of Applied Zoology, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Mangalore 574199, India
| | - Pavan K. Jayaswamy
- Central Research Laboratory, KS. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, India
| | - Pushyaraga P. Venugopal
- Biophysical and Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore 575025, India
| | - Praveenkumar Shetty
- Central Research Laboratory, KS. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, India
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, India
| | - Debashree Chakraborty
- Biophysical and Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore 575025, India
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9
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Bashir B, Riaz N, Ejaz SA, Saleem M, Iqbal A, Mahmood HMK, Ejaz S, Ashraf M, Aziz-ur-Rehman, Bhattarai K. Parsing p-Tolyloxy-1,3,4-oxadiazolepropanamides as 15-Lipoxygenase Inhibitors Prop up by In Vitro and In Silico Profiling Including Structure Determination. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Rastkar MB, Mohtat B, Marandi GB, Djahaniani H. A Convenient One-Pot Synthesis of 5-Aryl-N-cyclohexyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-carboxamides via Aza-Wittig/Isocyanide-based Three-Component Reaction. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428022070144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Roman G. Anticancer activity of Mannich bases: a review of recent literature. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200258. [PMID: 35678192 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This report summarizes the latest published data on the antiproliferative action and cytotoxic activity of Mannich bases, a structurally heterogeneous category of chemical entities that includes compounds which are synthesized via the grafting of an aminomethyl function onto diverse substrates by means of the Mannich reaction. The present overview of the topic is an update to the information assembled in a previously published review that covered the literature up to 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gheorghe Roman
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Inorganic polymers, 41A Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda, 700487, Iasi, ROMANIA
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12
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Rasras AJ, El-Naggar M, Safwat NA, Al-Qawasmeh RA. Cholyl 1,3,4-oxadiazole hybrid compounds: design, synthesis and antimicrobial assessment. Beilstein J Org Chem 2022; 18:631-638. [PMID: 35706993 PMCID: PMC9174839 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.18.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A new chemical library based on the hybridization of cholic acid with the heterocyclic moiety 1,3,4-oxadizole was synthesized, and tested for antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, and fungi. Among the synthesized compounds, the most potent derivatives against S. aureus were 4t, 4i, 4p, and 4c with MIC values between 31 and 70 µg/mL, while compound 4p was the most active one against Bacillus subtilis with a MIC value of 70 µg/mL. Interestingly, compounds 4a and 4u exerted selective activity against Gram-positive bacteria. The synthesized compounds showed good activity against A. fumigatus and C. albicans and compound 4v exhibited selective activity against fungi only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas J Rasras
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Al-Balqa Applied University, PO Box 19117, Al-Salt, Jordan
| | - Mohamed El-Naggar
- College of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Sharjah, Pure and Applied, Chemistry Research Group, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nesreen A Safwat
- The Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11371, Egypt
| | - Raed A Al-Qawasmeh
- College of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Sharjah, Pure and Applied, Chemistry Research Group, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
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Synthesis of New Ursane-Type Hybrids with Morpholinomethyl-, Dialkylamino-, and Hydroxyl-Substituted Azoles. Chem Nat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-022-03597-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Świątek P, Glomb T, Dobosz A, Gębarowski T, Wojtkowiak K, Jezierska A, Panek JJ, Świątek M, Strzelecka M. Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies of Novel 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives of 4,6-Dimethyl-2-sulfanylpyridine-3-carboxamide. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23010549. [PMID: 35008977 PMCID: PMC8745710 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, chronic inflammation is involved in most main human pathologies such as cancer, and autoimmune, cardiovascular or neurodegenerative disorders. Studies suggest that different prostanoids, especially prostaglandin E2, and their own synthase (cyclooxygenase enzyme-COX) can promote tumor growth by activating signaling pathways which control cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used, alongside corticosteroids, to treat inflammatory symptoms particularly in all chronic diseases. However, their toxicity from COX inhibition and the suppression of physiologically important prostaglandins limits their use. Therefore, in continuation of our efforts in the development of potent, safe, non-toxic chemopreventive compounds, we report herein the design, synthesis, biological evaluation of new series of Schiff base-type hybrid compounds containing differently substituted N-acyl hydrazone moieties, 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring, and 4,6-dimethylpyridine core. The anti-COX-1/COX-2, antioxidant and anticancer activities were studied. Schiff base 13, containing 2-bromobenzylidene residue inhibited the activity of both isoenzymes, COX-1 and COX-2 at a lower concentration than standard drugs, and its COX-2/COX-1 selectivity ratio was similar to meloxicam. Furthermore, the results of cytotoxicity assay indicated that all of the tested compounds exhibited potent anti-cancer activity against A549, MCF-7, LoVo, and LoVo/Dx cell lines, compared with piroxicam and meloxicam. Moreover, our experimental study was supported by density functional theory (DFT) and molecular docking to describe the binding mode of new structures to cyclooxygenase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Świątek
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (P.Ś.); (T.G.); Tel.: +48-717840391 (P.Ś. & T.G.)
| | - Teresa Glomb
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (P.Ś.); (T.G.); Tel.: +48-717840391 (P.Ś. & T.G.)
| | - Agnieszka Dobosz
- Department of Medical Science Foundation, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Gębarowski
- Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 1/3, 51-631 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Kamil Wojtkowiak
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (K.W.); (A.J.); (J.J.P.)
| | - Aneta Jezierska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (K.W.); (A.J.); (J.J.P.)
| | - Jarosław J. Panek
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (K.W.); (A.J.); (J.J.P.)
| | - Małgorzata Świątek
- Hospital Pharmacy, University Clinical Hospital, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Strzelecka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Design, synthesis and molecular docking studies of some 1-(5-(2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)piperazine derivatives as potential anti-inflammatory agents. Mol Divers 2021; 26:2893-2905. [PMID: 34817768 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-021-10340-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We herein report the facile synthesis of a series of 3,5-substituted-1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives in good to excellent yields. The anti-inflammatory potential of the newly synthesized compounds was evaluated by anti-denaturation assay using diclofenac sodium as the reference standard. Some of the compounds exhibited profound activity profile when compared to the standard drug. The molecular docking and SAR studies were carried out at the later stage for gaining more insights about the promising activity profile of the synthesized molecules.
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16
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Glomb T, Świątek P. Antimicrobial Activity of 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6979. [PMID: 34209520 PMCID: PMC8268636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The worldwide development of antimicrobial resistance forces scientists to search for new compounds to which microbes would be sensitive. Many new structures contain the 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring, which have shown various antimicrobial activity, e.g., antibacterial, antitubercular, antifungal, antiprotozoal and antiviral. In many publications, the activity of new compounds exceeds the activity of already known antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents, so their potential as new drugs is very promising. The review of active antimicrobial 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives is based on the literature from 2015 to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piotr Świątek
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
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