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Maslowska-Jarzyna K, Cataldo A, Marszalik A, Ignatikova I, Butler SJ, Stachowiak R, Chmielewski MJ, Valkenier H. Dissecting transmembrane bicarbonate transport by 1,8-di(thio)amidocarbazoles. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7658-7663. [PMID: 36134504 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01461k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic ionophores able to transport bicarbonate and chloride anions across lipid bilayers are appealing for their wide range of potential biological applications. We have studied the bicarbonate and chloride transport by carbazoles with two amido/thioamido groups using a bicarbonate-sensitive europium(III) probe in liposomes and found a highly remarkable transporter concentration dependence. This can be explained by a combination of two distinct transport mechanisms: HCO3-/Cl- exchange and a combination of unassisted CO2 diffusion and HCl transport, of which the respective contributions were quantified. The compounds studied were found to be highly potent HCl transporters. Based on the mechanistic insights on anion transport, we have tested the antimicrobial activity of these compounds and found a good correlation with their ion transport properties and a high activity against Gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystyna Maslowska-Jarzyna
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Alessio Cataldo
- Université libre de Bruxelles, Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems, Ecole polytechnique de Bruxelles, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Anna Marszalik
- Department of Bacterial Physiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilona Ignatikova
- Department of Bacterial Physiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stephen J Butler
- Loughborough University, Department of Chemistry, Epinal Way, LE11 3TU, Loughborough, UK
| | - Radosław Stachowiak
- Department of Bacterial Physiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał J Chmielewski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Hennie Valkenier
- Université libre de Bruxelles, Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems, Ecole polytechnique de Bruxelles, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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