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Njenga LW, Mbugua SN, Odhiambo RA, Onani MO. Addressing the gaps in homeostatic mechanisms of copper and copper dithiocarbamate complexes in cancer therapy: a shift from classical platinum-drug mechanisms. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:5823-5847. [PMID: 37021641 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00366c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
The platinum drug, cisplatin, is considered as among the most successful medications in cancer treatment. However, due to its inherent toxicity and resistance limitations, research into other metal-based non-platinum anticancer medications with diverse mechanisms of action remains an active field. In this regard, copper complexes feature among non-platinum compounds which have shown promising potential as effective anticancer drugs. Moreover, the interesting discovery that cancer cells can alter their copper homeostatic processes to develop resistance to platinum-based treatments leads to suggestions that some copper compounds can indeed re-sensitize cancer cells to these drugs. In this work, we review copper and copper complexes bearing dithiocarbamate ligands which have shown promising results as anticancer agents. Dithiocarbamate ligands act as effective ionophores to convey the complexes of interest into cells thereby influencing the metal homeostatic balance and inducing apoptosis through various mechanisms. We focus on copper homeostasis in mammalian cells and on our current understanding of copper dysregulation in cancer and recent therapeutic breakthroughs using copper coordination complexes as anticancer drugs. We also discuss the molecular foundation of the mechanisms underlying their anticancer action. The opportunities that exist in research for these compounds and their potential as anticancer agents, especially when coupled with ligands such as dithiocarbamates, are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia W Njenga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Simon N Mbugua
- Department of Chemistry, Kisii University, P.O. Box 408-40200, Kisii, Kenya
| | - Ruth A Odhiambo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Martin O Onani
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Belville, 7535, South Africa
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2
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Lipiec S, Gurba A, Agnieszczak IM, Szczepankiewicz AA, Szymański P, Taciak P, Szczepaniak R, Szeleszczuk Ł, Nieznanska H, Włodarczyk J, Fichna J, Bialy LP, Mlynarczuk-Bialy I. New gold (III) cyanide complex TGS 121 induces ER stress, proteasome inhibition and death of Ras-hyperactivated cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 88:105556. [PMID: 36681286 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Metal-based agents in cancer therapy, like cisplatin and its derivates, have established clinical applications but also can induce serious side effects. Thus, metallotherapeutic alternatives for platinum derivatives are developed and intensively studied. Platinum is replaced by several transition metals including gold. Especially gold (III) complexes can have the same square-planar structure and are isoelectric with platinum (II). Hence, they are developed as potential anti-cancer drugs. Thus, our group projected and developed a group of novel cyanide-based gold (III) complexes. Within this work, we aimed to characterize the safety and effectivity of one of them, TGS 121. TGS 121 in our preliminary work was selective for Ras-hyperactivated cells. Here we studied the effects of the novel complex in cancerous Ras-3 T3 and non-cancerous NIH-3 T3 cells. The complex TGS 121 turned out to be non-toxic for NIH-3 T3 cells and to induce death and alternations in Ras-hyperactivated cells. We found induction of ER stress, mitochondria swelling, proteasome inhibition, and cell cycle block. Moreover, TGS 121 inhibited cell migration and induced the accumulation of perinuclear organelles that was secondary to proteasome inhibition. Results presented in this report suggest that stable gold-cyanide TGS 121 complex is non-toxic, with a targeted mechanism of action and it is promising in anticancer drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon Lipiec
- HESA at the Department for Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Gurba
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Izabela M Agnieszczak
- HESA at the Department for Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Antoni Szczepankiewicz
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ludwika Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Przemysław Szymański
- HESA at the Department for Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Przemysław Taciak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Łukasz Szeleszczuk
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Chair of Physical Pharmacy and Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hanna Nieznanska
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ludwika Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Włodarczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 5, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Fichna
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 5, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Lukasz P Bialy
- Department for Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Izabela Mlynarczuk-Bialy
- Department for Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland.
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Abdullah TB, Behjatmanesh-Ardakani R, Faihan AS, Jirjes HM, Abou-Krisha MM, Yousef TA, Kenawy SH, Al-Janabi ASM. Cd(II) and Pd(II) Mixed Ligand Complexes of Dithiocarbamate and Tertiary Phosphine Ligands-Spectroscopic, Anti-Microbial, and Computational Studies. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052305. [PMID: 36903550 PMCID: PMC10005262 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mixed ligand complexes of Pd(II) and Cd(II) with N-picolyl-amine dithiocarbamate (PAC-dtc) as primary ligand and tertiary phosphine ligand as secondary ligands have been synthesized and characterized via elemental analysis, molar conductance, NMR (1H and 31P), and IR techniques. The PAC-dtc ligand displayed in a monodentate fashion via sulfur atom whereas diphosphine ligands coordinated as a bidentate mode to afford a square planner around the Pd(II) ion or tetrahedral around the Cd(II) ion. Except for complexes [Cd(PAC-dtc)2(dppe)] and [Cd(PAC-dtc)2(PPh3)2], the prepared complexes showed significant antimicrobial activity when evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. Moreover, DFT calculations were performed to investigate three complexes {[Pd(PAC-dtc)2(dppe)](1), [Cd(PAC-dtc)2(dppe)](2), [Cd(PAC-dtc)2(PPh3)2](7)}, and their quantum parameters were evaluated using the Gaussian 09 program at the B3LYP/Lanl2dz theoretical level. The optimized structures of the three complexes were square planar and tetrahedral geometry. The calculated bond lengths and bond angles showed a slightly distorted tetrahedral geometry for [Cd(PAC-dtc)2(dppe)](2) compared to [Cd(PAC-dtc)2(PPh3)2](7) due to the ring constrain in the dppe ligand. Moreover, the [Pd(PAC-dtc)2(dppe)](1) complex showed higher stability compared to Cd(2) and Cd(7) complexes which can be attributed to the higher back-donation of Pd(1) complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohama B. Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tikrit, Tikrit 34001, Iraq
| | | | - Ahmed S. Faihan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tikrit, Tikrit 34001, Iraq
| | - Hayfa M. Jirjes
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tikrit, Tikrit 34001, Iraq
| | - Mortaga M. Abou-Krisha
- Chemistry Department, Science College, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Tarek A. Yousef
- Chemistry Department, Science College, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
- Mansoura Laboratory, Toxic and Narcotic Drug, Forensic Medicine Department, Medicolegal Organization, Ministry of Justice, Cairo 11435, Egypt
| | - Sayed H. Kenawy
- Chemistry Department, Science College, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
- Ceramics and Building Materials Department, National Research Centre, Refractories, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S. M. Al-Janabi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tikrit, Tikrit 34001, Iraq
- Correspondence:
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Paca AM, Singh M, Ajibade PA. Synthesis, characterization and in vitro anticancer studies of Ru(III) dithiocarbamate complexes. J COORD CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2022.2145472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Athandwe M. Paca
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, South Africa
| | - Moganavelli Singh
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Peter A. Ajibade
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, South Africa
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Lu Y, Ma X, Chang X, Liang Z, Lv L, Shan M, Lu Q, Wen Z, Gust R, Liu W. Recent development of gold(I) and gold(III) complexes as therapeutic agents for cancer diseases. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:5518-5556. [PMID: 35699475 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00933h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Metal complexes have demonstrated significant antitumor activities and platinum complexes are well established in the clinical application of cancer chemotherapy. However, the platinum-based treatment of different types of cancers is massively hampered by severe side effects and resistance development. Consequently, the development of novel metal-based drugs with different mechanism of action and pharmaceutical profile attracts modern medicinal chemists to design and synthesize novel metal-based agents. Among non-platinum anticancer drugs, gold complexes have gained considerable attention due to their significant antiproliferative potency and efficacy. In most situations, the gold complexes exhibit anticancer activities by targeting thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) or other thiol-rich proteins and enzymes and trigger cell death via reactive oxygen species (ROS). Interestingly, gold complexes were recently reported to elicit biochemical hallmarks of immunogenic cell death (ICD) as an ICD inducer. In this review, the recent progress of gold(I) and gold(III) complexes is comprehensively summarized, and their activities and mechanism of action are documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Lu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xingyu Chang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Zhenlin Liang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Lin Lv
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Min Shan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Qiuyue Lu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Zhenfan Wen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Ronald Gust
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Wukun Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,State key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Gaiddon C, Gross I, Meng X, Sidhoum M, Mellitzer G, Romain B, Delhorme JB, Venkatasamy A, Jung AC, Pfeffer M. Bypassing the Resistance Mechanisms of the Tumor Ecosystem by Targeting the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway Using Ruthenium- and Osmium-Based Organometallic Compounds: An Exciting Long-Term Collaboration with Dr. Michel Pfeffer. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175386. [PMID: 34500819 PMCID: PMC8434532 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal complexes have been used to treat cancer since the discovery of cisplatin and its interaction with DNA in the 1960’s. Facing the resistance mechanisms against platinum salts and their side effects, safer therapeutic approaches have been sought through other metals, including ruthenium. In the early 2000s, Michel Pfeffer and his collaborators started to investigate the biological activity of organo-ruthenium/osmium complexes, demonstrating their ability to interfere with the activity of purified redox enzymes. Then, they discovered that these organo-ruthenium/osmium complexes could act independently of DNA damage and bypass the requirement for the tumor suppressor gene TP53 to induce the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway, which is an original cell death pathway. They showed that other types of ruthenium complexes—as well complexes with other metals (osmium, iron, platinum)—can induce this pathway as well. They also demonstrated that ruthenium complexes accumulate in the ER after entering the cell using passive and active mechanisms. These particular physico-chemical properties of the organometallic complexes designed by Dr. Pfeffer contribute to their ability to reduce tumor growth and angiogenesis. Taken together, the pioneering work of Dr. Michel Pfeffer over his career provides us with a legacy that we have yet to fully embrace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Gaiddon
- Université de Strasbourg-Inserm, UMR_S 1113 IRFAC, 67200 Strasbourg, France; (I.G.); (G.M.); (B.R.); (J.-B.D.); (A.V.); (J.A.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-6-8352-5356
| | - Isabelle Gross
- Université de Strasbourg-Inserm, UMR_S 1113 IRFAC, 67200 Strasbourg, France; (I.G.); (G.M.); (B.R.); (J.-B.D.); (A.V.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Xiangjun Meng
- Department of Gastro-Oncology, 7th Hospital, Shanghai 200137, China;
| | | | - Georg Mellitzer
- Université de Strasbourg-Inserm, UMR_S 1113 IRFAC, 67200 Strasbourg, France; (I.G.); (G.M.); (B.R.); (J.-B.D.); (A.V.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Benoit Romain
- Université de Strasbourg-Inserm, UMR_S 1113 IRFAC, 67200 Strasbourg, France; (I.G.); (G.M.); (B.R.); (J.-B.D.); (A.V.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Jean-Batiste Delhorme
- Université de Strasbourg-Inserm, UMR_S 1113 IRFAC, 67200 Strasbourg, France; (I.G.); (G.M.); (B.R.); (J.-B.D.); (A.V.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Aïna Venkatasamy
- Université de Strasbourg-Inserm, UMR_S 1113 IRFAC, 67200 Strasbourg, France; (I.G.); (G.M.); (B.R.); (J.-B.D.); (A.V.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Alain C. Jung
- Université de Strasbourg-Inserm, UMR_S 1113 IRFAC, 67200 Strasbourg, France; (I.G.); (G.M.); (B.R.); (J.-B.D.); (A.V.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Michel Pfeffer
- CNRS UMR 7177, Institute of Chemistry, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
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