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Dinu M, Tatu AL, Cocoș DI, Nwabudike LC, Chirilov AM, Stefan CS, Earar K, Dumitriu Buzia O. Natural Sources of Therapeutic Agents Used in Skin Conditions. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:492. [PMID: 38672762 PMCID: PMC11051086 DOI: 10.3390/life14040492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin conditions are numerous and often have a major impact on patients' quality of life, and effective and safe treatment is very important. The conventional drugs used for skin diseases are usually corticosteroids and antimicrobial products that can induce various side effects, especially with long-term use, which is why researchers are studying alternatives, especially biologically active natural products. Three products caught our attention: bee venom (BV), due to reported experimental results showing anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, antimycotic, and anticancer effects, Ficus carica (FC) due to its demonstrated antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory action, and finally Geranium essential oil (GEO), with proven antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. Following a review of the literature, we produced this paper, which presents a review of the potential therapeutic applications of the three products in combating various skin conditions and for skin care, because BV, FC, and GEO have common pharmacological actions (anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant). We also focused on studying the safety of the topical use of BV, FC, and GEO, and new approaches to this. This paper presents the use of these natural therapeutic agents to treat patients with conditions such as vitiligo, melasma, and melanoma, as well as their use in treating dermatological conditions in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Dinu
- Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (M.D.); (C.S.S.); (K.E.); (O.D.B.)
| | - Alin Laurențiu Tatu
- Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania;
- Dermatology Department, “Sf. Cuvioasa Parascheva” Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 800179 Galati, Romania
- Multidisciplinary Integrative Center for Dermatologic Interface Research MIC-DIR, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Dorin Ioan Cocoș
- Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (M.D.); (C.S.S.); (K.E.); (O.D.B.)
| | | | - Ana Maria Chirilov
- Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (M.D.); (C.S.S.); (K.E.); (O.D.B.)
| | - Claudia Simona Stefan
- Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (M.D.); (C.S.S.); (K.E.); (O.D.B.)
| | - Kamel Earar
- Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (M.D.); (C.S.S.); (K.E.); (O.D.B.)
| | - Olimpia Dumitriu Buzia
- Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (M.D.); (C.S.S.); (K.E.); (O.D.B.)
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Dreger M, Adamczak A, Foksowicz-Flaczyk J. Antibacterial and Antimycotic Activity of Epilobium angustifolium L. Extracts: A Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1419. [PMID: 37895890 PMCID: PMC10609845 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to provide an overview of available information on the antibacterial and antifungal properties of Epilobium angustifolium extracts. A literature search of Scopus, PubMed/Medline, and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed articles published between January 2000 and June 2023 was undertaken. A total of 23 studies were eligible for inclusion in this review. Significant variation of antimicrobial activity depending on the tested species and strains, type of extract solvent, or plant organs utilized for the extract preparation was found. E. angustifolium extracts were active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and showed antimycotic effects against the fungi of Microsporum canis and Trichophyton tonsurans and the dermatophytes Arthroderma spp. Greater susceptibility of Gram-positive than Gram-negative bacteria to fireweed extracts was found. A strong antibacterial effect was recorded for Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii including multi-drug resistant strains. E. angustifolium extract might find practical application as an antimicrobial in wound healing, components of cosmetic products for human and animals, or as food preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariola Dreger
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants—National Research Institute, Wojska Polskiego 71b, 60-630 Poznan, Poland
| | - Artur Adamczak
- Department of Breeding and Botany of Useful Plants, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants—National Research Institute, Kolejowa 2, 62-064 Plewiska, Poland;
| | - Joanna Foksowicz-Flaczyk
- Department of Bioproducts Engineering, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants—National Research Institute, Wojska Polskiego 71b, 60-630 Poznan, Poland;
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Kim SE, Chung EDS, Vasileva EA, Mishchenko NP, Fedoreyev SA, Stonik VA, Kim HK, Nam JH, Kim SJ. Multiple Effects of Echinochrome A on Selected Ion Channels Implicated in Skin Physiology. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21020078. [PMID: 36827119 PMCID: PMC9963876 DOI: 10.3390/md21020078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Echinochrome A (Ech A), a naphthoquinoid pigment from sea urchins, is known to have anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects that have been suggested to be mediated by antioxidant activity and intracellular signaling modulation. In addition to these mechanisms, the ion channels in keratinocytes, immune cells, and nociceptive neurons may be the target for the pharmacological effects. Here, using the patch clamp technique, we investigated the effects of Ech A on the Ca2+-permeable TRPV3, TRPV1 and Orai1 channels and the two-pore domain K+ (K2P) channels (TREK/TRAAK, TASK-1, and TRESK) overexpressed in HEK 293 cells. Ech A inhibited both the TRPV3 and Orai1 currents, with IC50 levels of 2.1 and 2.4 μM, respectively. The capsaicin-activated TRPV1 current was slightly augmented by Ech A. Ech A alone did not change the amplitude of the TREK-2 current (ITREK2), but pretreatments with Ech A markedly facilitated ITREK2 activation by 2-APB, arachidonic acid (AA), and acidic extracellular pH (pHe). Similar facilitation effects of Ech A on TREK-1 and TRAAK were observed when they were stimulated with 2-APB and AA, respectively. On the contrary, Ech A did not affect the TRESK and TASK-1 currents. Interestingly, the ITREK2 maximally activated by the combined application of 2-APB and Ech A was not inhibited by norfluoxetine but was still completely inhibited by ruthenium red. The selective loss of sensitivity to norfluoxetine suggested an altered molecular conformation of TREK-2 by Ech A. We conclude that the Ech A-induced inhibition of the Ca2+-permeable cation channels and the facilitation of the TREK/TRAAK K2P channels may underlie the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Ech A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Eun Kim
- Department of Physiology, and Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Elina Da Sol Chung
- Department of Physiology, and Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Elena A. Vasileva
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Natalia P. Mishchenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Fedoreyev
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Valentin A. Stonik
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Hyoung Kyu Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Nam
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang-si 10326, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (J.H.N.); (S.J.K.); Tel.: +82-31-961-5924 (J.H.N.); +82-2-740-8230 (S.J.K.)
| | - Sung Joon Kim
- Department of Physiology, and Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (J.H.N.); (S.J.K.); Tel.: +82-31-961-5924 (J.H.N.); +82-2-740-8230 (S.J.K.)
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Cyano-Phycocyanin: Mechanisms of Action on Human Skin and Future Perspectives in Medicine. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11091249. [PMID: 35567250 PMCID: PMC9101960 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Cyano-phycocyanin is one of the active pigments of the blue-green algae and is usually isolated from the filamentous cyanobacteria Arthrospira platensis Gomont (Spirulina). Due to its multiple physiological functions and non-toxicity, cyano-phycocyanin may be a potential substance for the topical treatment of various skin diseases. Considering that the conventional medicine faces drug resistance, insufficient efficacy and side effects, the plant origin compounds can act as an alternative option. Thus, the aim of this paper was to review the wound healing, antimicrobial, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antimelanogenic and anticancer properties and mechanisms of cyano-phycocyanin topical activities on human skin. Moreover, possible applications and biotechnological requirements for pharmaceutical forms of cyano-phycocyanin for the treatment of various skin diseases are discussed in this review.
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