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Maia Campos PMBG, Kakuda L, Souza CRF. Film-Forming, Moisturizing, and Sensory Properties of a Cosmetic Formulation Containing Tara Gum and Brazilian Berry Extracts. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:71. [PMID: 38538958 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02790-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of cosmetic formulations with moisturizing and film-forming properties has been very important to help keep skin physiology and protection. In this context, this study aimed to develop a cosmetic formulation containing Tara gum and Brazilian berry extract and evaluate its physical-mechanical, film-forming, and sensory properties. A gel formulation was developed based on Tara gum added to Plinia cauliflora extract and was characterized by its spreadability profile and sensory properties. A clinical study was carried out with ten participants to evaluate the skin microrelief, stratum corneum water content, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and skin morphological characteristics by reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) before and after 2 h of application of the formulations. The formulation with Brazilian berry significantly decreased the work of shear parameter, which can be correlated with improved spreadability in the sensory analysis. The clinical study showed that both formulations improved skin hydration and reduced the TEWL. The RCM imaging analysis showed the visible film on the skin surface, a decrease in the size of furrows, an increase in the reflectance of the interkeratinocytes, and reflectance of the stratum corneum for both formulations. These results were more pronounced for the formulation containing Brazilian berry. The Tara gum in the gel formulation promoted the formation and visualization of a polymeric net on the stratum corneum surface, demonstrated by the images obtained from RCM. However, the formulation added with the Brazilian berry extract improved the skin microrelief, honeycomb pattern of the epidermis, and skin hydration in deeper layers of the epidermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia M B G Maia Campos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café, S/nº, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Leticia Kakuda
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café, S/nº, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Cláudia R F Souza
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café, S/nº, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Matharoo N, Mohd H, Michniak-Kohn B. Transferosomes as a transdermal drug delivery system: Dermal kinetics and recent developments. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1918. [PMID: 37527953 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of innovative approaches to deliver medications has been growing now for the last few decades and generates a growing interest in the dermatopharmaceutical field. Transdermal drug delivery in particular, remains an attractive alternative route for many therapeutics. However, due to the limitations posed by the barrier properties of the stratum corneum, the delivery of many pharmaceutical dosage forms remains a challenge. Most successful therapies using the transdermal route have been ones containing smaller lipophilic molecules with molecular weights of a few hundred Daltons. To overcome these limitations of size and lipophilicity of the drugs, transferosomes have emerged as a successful tool for transdermal delivery of a variety of therapeutics including hydrophilic actives, larger molecules, peptides, proteins, and nucleic acids. Transferosomes exhibit a flexible structure and higher surface hydrophilicity which both play a critical role in the transport of drugs and other solutes using hydration gradients as a driving force to deliver the molecules into and across the skin. This results in enhanced overall permeation as well as controlled release of the drug in the skin layers. Additionally, the physical-chemical properties of the transferosomes provide increased stability by preventing degradation of the actives by oxidation, light, and temperature. Here, we present the history of transferosomes from solid lipid nanoparticles and liposomes, their physical-chemical properties, dermal kinetics, and their recent advances as marketed dosage forms. This article is categorized under: Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Lipid-Based Structures Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Matharoo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Center for Dermal Research, Life Sciences Building, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Hana Mohd
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Center for Dermal Research, Life Sciences Building, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Bozena Michniak-Kohn
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Center for Dermal Research, Life Sciences Building, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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Silva IDM, Silva MR, Augusti R, Melo JOF, Schmiele M, Neves NDA. Obtaining and characterizing polyphenol extracts based on anthocyanins from Melinis minutiflora inflorescences and Plinia cauliflora fruits and application in gelatins. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113426. [PMID: 37803763 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are a class of compounds potentially used as food dyes. Thus, this study aimed to obtain and characterize natural extracts from Melinis minutiflora inflorescence (M), Plinia. cauliflora peel (JP) and P. cauliflora peel and seeds (JPS) and apply them as natural food dyes in gelatins. The extracts did not show statistically significant differences in pH values and water activity. The M and JPS extracts showed similar values of anthocyanins and total phenolic compounds and were higher than those from the JP extract. The M and JPS extracts showed a bathochromic effect, which was not observed for the JP extract. The bathochromic effect may indicate a possible complexation of anthocyanins. The color composition analysis revealed that the JP extract has a higher absorbance at a wavelength of 520 nm, indirectly suggesting the presence of more monomeric anthocyanins in its composition. The extract application test in gelatin did not change the texture properties of the gelatins. In addition, our findings revealed that the JPS extract had the best color stability after ten days of analysis, indicating that anthocyanin complexation with the phenolic compounds of P. cauliflora seeds contributed more effectively to anthocyanin stability in the model used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela de Morais Silva
- Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mauro Ramalho Silva
- Departament of Nutrition, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodinei Augusti
- Institute of Exact Science, University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Júlio Onésio Ferreira Melo
- Department of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcio Schmiele
- Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nathalia de Andrade Neves
- Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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da Silva Cordeiro ML, de Queiroz Aquino-Martins VG, da Silva AP, Naliato GFS, Silveira ER, Theodoro RC, da Santos DYAC, Rocha HAO, Scortecci KC. Exploring the Antioxidant Potential of Talisia esculenta Using In Vitro and In Vivo Approaches. Nutrients 2023; 15:3855. [PMID: 37686887 PMCID: PMC10490396 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants, such as Talisia esculenta, are rich in antioxidant biomolecules, which are used in the treatment and prevention of many diseases. The antioxidant potential of T. esculenta extracts obtained from leaves and fruit peels was investigated using biochemical and 3T3 cell line assays as well as in vivo assays using an organism model Tenebrio molitor. Four extracts were tested: hydroethanolic extracts from leaves (HF) and from fruit peels (HC), and infusion extracts from leaves (IF) and from fruit peels (IC). The biochemical assays demonstrated an antioxidant capacity verified by TAC, reducing power, DPPH, and copper chelating assays. None of the extracts exhibited cytotoxicity against 3T3 cells, instead offering a protection against CuSO4-induced oxidative stress. The antioxidant activity observed in the extracts, including their role as free radical scavengers, copper chelators, and stress protectors, was further confirmed by T. molitor assays. The CLAE-DAD analysis detected phenolic compounds, including gallic acid, rutin, and quercitrin, as the main constituents of the samples. This study highlights that leaf and fruit peels extracts of T. esculenta could be effective protectors against ROS and copper-induced stress in cellular and invertebrate models, and they should be considered as coadjutants in the treatment and prevention of diseases related to oxidative stress and for the development of natural nutraceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lúcia da Silva Cordeiro
- Laboratório de Transformação de Plantas e Análise em Microscopia (LTPAM), Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (M.L.d.S.C.); (V.G.d.Q.A.-M.); (A.P.d.S.)
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (G.F.S.N.); (R.C.T.); (H.A.O.R.)
| | - Verônica Giuliani de Queiroz Aquino-Martins
- Laboratório de Transformação de Plantas e Análise em Microscopia (LTPAM), Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (M.L.d.S.C.); (V.G.d.Q.A.-M.); (A.P.d.S.)
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (G.F.S.N.); (R.C.T.); (H.A.O.R.)
| | - Ariana Pereira da Silva
- Laboratório de Transformação de Plantas e Análise em Microscopia (LTPAM), Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (M.L.d.S.C.); (V.G.d.Q.A.-M.); (A.P.d.S.)
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (G.F.S.N.); (R.C.T.); (H.A.O.R.)
| | - Georggia Fatima Silva Naliato
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (G.F.S.N.); (R.C.T.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59077-080, RN, Brazil
| | - Elielson Rodrigo Silveira
- Laboratório de Fitoquímica, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-090, SP, Brazil; (E.R.S.); (D.Y.A.C.d.S.)
| | - Raquel Cordeiro Theodoro
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (G.F.S.N.); (R.C.T.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59077-080, RN, Brazil
| | - Deborah Yara Alves Cursino da Santos
- Laboratório de Fitoquímica, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-090, SP, Brazil; (E.R.S.); (D.Y.A.C.d.S.)
| | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (G.F.S.N.); (R.C.T.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Katia Castanho Scortecci
- Laboratório de Transformação de Plantas e Análise em Microscopia (LTPAM), Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (M.L.d.S.C.); (V.G.d.Q.A.-M.); (A.P.d.S.)
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (G.F.S.N.); (R.C.T.); (H.A.O.R.)
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Lima MDC, Magnani M, Lima MDS, Macarisin D, de Sousa CP, Dubreuil JD, de Souza EL. Exploring the antimicrobial effects of a phenolic-rich extract from jabuticaba depulping waste against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Lett Appl Microbiol 2023; 76:6991430. [PMID: 36715328 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of a phenolic-rich extract from jabuticaba [Myrciaria jaboticaba (Vell.) Berg] depulping waste (PEJ) on the survival, antibiotic susceptibility, virulence, and cellular functions of various enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains. The minimum inhibitory concentration of PEJ against the five tested ETEC strains was 125 mg mL-1. PEJ at 125 and 250 mg mL-1 caused reductions in viable cell counts of ≥ 3 and ≥ 5 log CFU mL-1 in ETEC over 24 h, respectively. PEJ at subinhibitory concentrations (31.25 and 62.5 mg mL-1) reduced the viable cell counts of ETEC when exposed to in vitro gastrointestinal conditions, besides decreasing the biofilm formation, cell surface hydrophobicity, mucin adhesion, and swimming and swarming motility. PEJ (31.25 and 62.5 mg mL-1) increased the susceptibility of the tested ETEC strains to various clinically relevant antibiotics. The exposure to PEJ (62.5 and 125 mg mL-1) impaired the membrane permeability and enzymatic and efflux pump activities in ETEC cells. PEJ effectively reduces survival, increases antibiotic susceptibility, and attenuates virulence in ETEC. These effects could be linked to a PEJ multi-target action disturbing various cellular functions in ETEC cells. PEJ could be a candidate for developing innovative solutions to prevent and treat ETEC infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiara da Costa Lima
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Department of Nutrition, Health Science Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB 58051-900,Brazil
| | - Marciane Magnani
- Laboratory of Microbial Processes in Foods, Department of Food Engineering, Technology Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Marcos Dos Santos Lima
- Department of Food Technology,Federal Institute of Sertão de Pernambuco,Petrolina, PE 56316-686,Brazil
| | - Dumitru Macarisin
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Division of Microbiology, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD HFS-009, USA
| | - Cristina Paiva de Sousa
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil.,Biotechnology Graduation Program, Center of Exact Sciences and Technologies, Federal University of São Carlos,São Carlos, SP 13565-905,Brazil
| | - J Daniel Dubreuil
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Evandro Leite de Souza
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Department of Nutrition, Health Science Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB 58051-900,Brazil
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Anthocyanins: Metabolic Digestion, Bioavailability, Therapeutic Effects, Current Pharmaceutical/Industrial Use, and Innovation Potential. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010048. [PMID: 36670910 PMCID: PMC9855055 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, various concepts and features of anthocyanins have been comprehensively reviewed, taking the benefits of the scientific publications released mainly within the last five years. Within the paper, common topics such as anthocyanin chemistry and occurrence, including the biosynthesis of anthocyanins emphasizing the anthocyanin formation pathway, anthocyanin chemistry, and factors influencing the anthocyanins' stability, are covered in detail. By evaluating the recent in vitro and human experimental studies on the absorption and bioavailability of anthocyanins present in typical food and beverages, this review elucidates the significant variations in biokinetic parameters based on the model, anthocyanin source, and dose, allowing us to make basic assumptions about their bioavailability. Additionally, special attention is paid to other topics, such as the therapeutic effects of anthocyanins. Reviewing the recent in vitro, in vivo, and epidemiological studies on the therapeutic potential of anthocyanins against various diseases permits a demonstration of the promising efficacy of different anthocyanin sources at various levels, including the neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antidiabetic, antiobesity, and anticancer effects. Additionally, the studies on using plant-based anthocyanins as coloring food mediums are extensively investigated in this paper, revealing the successful use of anthocyanins in coloring various products, such as dietary and bakery products, mixes, juices, candies, beverages, ice cream, and jams. Lastly, the successful application of anthocyanins as prebiotic ingredients, the innovation potential of anthocyanins in industry, and sustainable sources of anthocyanins, including a quantitative research literature and database analysis, is performed.
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Panchal SK, John OD, Mathai ML, Brown L. Anthocyanins in Chronic Diseases: The Power of Purple. Nutrients 2022; 14:2161. [PMID: 35631301 PMCID: PMC9142943 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are mainly purple-coloured phenolic compounds of plant origin that as secondary metabolites are important in plant survival. Understanding their health benefits in humans requires sourcing these unstable compounds in sufficient quantities at a reasonable cost, which has led to improved methods of extraction. Dark-coloured fruits, cereals and vegetables are current sources of these compounds. The range of potential sustainable sources is much larger and includes non-commercialised native plants from around the world and agri-waste containing anthocyanins. In the last 5 years, there have been significant advances in developing the therapeutic potential of anthocyanins in chronic human diseases. Anthocyanins exert their beneficial effects through improvements in gut microbiota, oxidative stress and inflammation, and modulation of neuropeptides such as insulin-like growth factor-1. Their health benefits in humans include reduced cognitive decline; protection of organs such as the liver, as well as the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract and kidneys; improvements in bone health and obesity; and regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. This review summarises some of the sources of anthocyanins and their mechanisms and benefits in the treatment of chronic human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K. Panchal
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2753, Australia;
- Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2753, Australia
| | - Oliver D. John
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia; or
| | - Michael L. Mathai
- Institute of Health and Sport, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia;
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Lindsay Brown
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
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Safta DA, Bogdan C, Moldovan ML. Vesicular Nanocarriers for Phytocompounds in Wound Care: Preparation and Characterization. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14050991. [PMID: 35631577 PMCID: PMC9147886 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The need to develop wound healing preparations is a pressing challenge given the limitations of the current treatment and the rising prevalence of impaired healing wounds. Although herbal extracts have been used for many years to treat skin disorders, due to their wound healing, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant effects, their efficacy can be questionable because of their poor bioavailability and stability issues. Nanotechnology offers an opportunity to revolutionize wound healing therapies by including herbal compounds in nanosystems. Particularly, vesicular nanosystems exhibit beneficial properties, such as biocompatibility, targeted and sustained delivery capacity, and increased phytocompounds’ bioavailability and protection, conferring them a great potential for future applications in wound care. This review summarizes the beneficial effects of phytocompounds in wound healing and emphasizes the advantages of their entrapment in vesicular nanosystems. Different types of lipid nanocarriers are presented (liposomes, niosomes, transferosomes, ethosomes, cubosomes, and their derivates’ systems), highlighting their applications as carriers for phytocompounds in wound care, with the presentation of the state-of-art in this field. The methods of preparation, characterization, and evaluation are also described, underlining the properties that ensure good in vitro and in vivo performance. Finally, future directions of topical systems in which vesicle-bearing herbal extracts or phytocompounds can be incorporated are pointed out, as their development is emerging as a promising strategy.
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Chen RP, Chavda VP, Patel AB, Chen ZS. Phytochemical Delivery Through Transferosome (Phytosome): An Advanced Transdermal Drug Delivery for Complementary Medicines. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:850862. [PMID: 35281927 PMCID: PMC8904565 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.850862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery aims to create a safe and effective method of administering drugs through the skin that attracts a lot of attention and investment due to the constant progress in the field. Transferosomes are flexible or malleable vesicles (having almost the same structure as liposomes but with better skin penetration properties) discovered initially in the early 90s. The name transferosomes, which means "carrying bodies," is coined from the Latin phrase "Transferee," which means "to carry through," and the Greek term "soma," meaning "body." In comparison to typical herbal extracts, phytosomes (Transferosomes) are created by attaching specific herbal extracts to phosphatidylcholine, resulting in a formulation with increased solubility and, hence, better absorption, resulting in improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic features of the entrapped drugs. We are using the word phytosomes and transferosomes interchangeably as we have consolidated vesicular delivery of herbal drugs through skin. In this mini-review, we have demonstrated the enormous potential of developing nanotechnology to deliver bioactive phytochemicals, with a special emphasis on phytosomes (Transferosomes) as a unique lipid-based nanocarrier for transdermal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Ping Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Vivek P Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L M College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Aayushi B Patel
- Pharmacy Section, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, United States
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