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Cavalloro V, Pagliari S, Gosetti F, Campone L, Sottani C, Collina S, Martino E, Robustelli della Cuna FS. Qualitative Metabolite Profiling of Orchis purpurea Huds. by GC and UHPLC/MS Approaches. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1064. [PMID: 38674473 PMCID: PMC11054457 DOI: 10.3390/plants13081064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Orchids are experiencing wide success in ornamental, medicinal, and food fields. The reason for their success is correlated with both their morphology and metabolomics, the latter linked to their taste and biological effects. Despite many orchids having already been the subject of chemotaxonomic works, some of them are still untapped, like the case of Orchis purpurea. O. purpurea is one of the most common species of the genus Orchis, present in hedgerows, verges, and light woodland, where it is one of the few herbaceous plants able to be unpleasant to herbivorous animals. Essential oil from roots, stems, leaves, and flowers were analyzed via GC/MS analyses, revealing the presence of 70 compounds, with a clear prevalence of coumarin. The high concentration of this metabolite may explain the resistance of O. purpurea to herbivores, being associated with appetite-suppressing properties and a bitter taste. Non-volatile fractions were analyzed via UHPLC-MS analysis revealing the presence of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, polyphenols, and glycosidic compounds, probably responsible for their color and fragrance. Taken together, the herein presented results shed light on both the defensive strategy and the chemotaxonomy of O. purpurea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Cavalloro
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 1, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- NBFC—National Biodiversity Future Center, Piazza Marina 61, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (F.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Stefania Pagliari
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy;
| | - Fabio Gosetti
- NBFC—National Biodiversity Future Center, Piazza Marina 61, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (F.G.); (L.C.)
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Campone
- NBFC—National Biodiversity Future Center, Piazza Marina 61, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (F.G.); (L.C.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy;
| | - Cristina Sottani
- Environmental Research Center, ICS Maugeri SPA SB, Institute of Pavia, IRCCS, Via Maugeri 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (C.S.); (F.S.R.d.C.)
| | - Simona Collina
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Emanuela Martino
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 1, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- NBFC—National Biodiversity Future Center, Piazza Marina 61, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (F.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Francesco Saverio Robustelli della Cuna
- Environmental Research Center, ICS Maugeri SPA SB, Institute of Pavia, IRCCS, Via Maugeri 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (C.S.); (F.S.R.d.C.)
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
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Hassan NF, Khattab TA, Fouda MMG, Abu Zaid AS, Aboshanab KM. Electrospun cellulose nanofibers immobilized with anthocyanin extract for colorimetric determination of bacteria. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128817. [PMID: 38103663 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
A novel smart biochromic textile sensor was developed by immobilizing anthocyanin extract into electrospun cellulose acetate nanofibers to detect bacteria for numerous potential uses, such as healthcare monitoring. Red-cabbage was employed to extract anthocyanin, which was then applied to cellulose acetate nanofibers treated with potassium aluminum sulfate as a mordant. Thus, nanoparticles (NPs) of mordant/anthocyanin (65-115 nm) were generated in situ on the surface of cellulose acetate nanofibrous film. The pH of a growing bacterial culture medium is known to change when bacteria multiply. The absorbance spectra revealed a bluish shift from 595 nm (purple) to 448 nm (green) during the growth of Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) owing to the discharge of total volatile basic amines as secretion metabolites. On the other hand, the absorption spectra of a growing bacterial culture containing Gram-positive bacteria (L. acidophilus) showed a blue shift from 595 nm (purplish) to 478 nm (pink) as a result of releasing lactic acid as a secretion metabolite. Both absorbance spectra and CIE Lab parameters were used to determine the color shifts. Various analytical techniques were utilized to study the morphology of the anthocyanin-encapsulated electrospun cellulose nanofibers. The cytotoxic effects of the colored cellulose acetate nanofibers were tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada F Hassan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Tawfik A Khattab
- Dyeing, Printing and Auxiliaries Department, Textile Research and Technology Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth Street, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt.
| | - Moustafa M G Fouda
- Pre-Treatment and Finishing of Cellulosic-based Fiber Department, Textile Research and Technology Institute (TRT), National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth Street, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Abu Zaid
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.
| | - Khaled M Aboshanab
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.
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Development of smart cotton fabrics immobilized with anthocyanin and potassium alum for colorimetric detection of bacteria. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.110023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Anthocyanins from Malus ‘Royalty’ Fruits: Optimization, Separation, and Antitumor Activity. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134299. [PMID: 35807546 PMCID: PMC9268470 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Red Malus ‘Royalty’ fruits are rich in anthocyanins. This study aimed to obtain the optimal parameters for the extraction and separation of anthocyanins from Malus ‘Royalty’ fruits and to evaluate the inhibitory effect of the enriched anthocyanin fraction on gastric cancer cells. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction was used for the extraction of the anthocyanins of Malus ‘Royalty’ fruit, and the extraction results showed that the optimum parameters were an extraction temperature of 20 °C, a solid–liquid ratio of 1:6 (g/mL), ethanol and formic acid contents of 70% and 0.4%, respectively, an extraction time of 40 min, and an ultrasonic power of 300 W. The optimum extraction parameters to achieve the highest anthocyanin yield by a single-factor experiment coupled with response surface methodology were identified. The separation results showed that the AB-8 macroporous resin was a better purifying material, with 60% ethanol as an adsorbent, and the adsorption–desorption equilibrium times were 6 h and 1 h, respectively. Cyanidin-3-galactoside was the main body composition separation of anthocyanins by a high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector. The antitumor activity results showed that the anthocyanins of Malus ‘Royalty’ fruits have a significant inhibitory effect on the gastric cancer cell line BGC-803. The in vitro cell viability test of CCK-8 showed that the inhibitory effect on tumor cells was more significant with the increased anthocyanin concentration, with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 105.5 μg/mL. The cell morphology was observed by an inverted microscope, and it was found that the backbone of BGC-803 treated with a high concentration of anthocyanins was disintegrated and the nucleoplasm was concentrated. The mechanism of apoptosis was analyzed by Western blotting, and the results showed that with increasing anthocyanin concentration in the medium, the expression levels of the proapoptotic proteins Bax and Bak increased, and the expression levels of the antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL decreased, which coordinated the regulation of cell apoptosis. This research suggests that the enriched anthocyanin fraction from Malus ‘Royalty’ fruits have potential antitumor and adjuvant therapeutic effects on gastric cancer.
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