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Manhas R, Rathore A, Havelikar U, Mahajan S, Gandhi SG, Mahapa A. Uncovering the potentiality of quinazoline derivatives against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with antimicrobial synergy and SAR analysis. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2024; 77:365-381. [PMID: 38514856 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-024-00717-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance has emerged as a covert global health crisis, posing a significant threat to humanity. If left unaddressed, it is poised to become the foremost cause of mortality worldwide. Among the multitude of resistant bacterial pathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative, facultative bacterium, has been responsible for mild to deadly infections. It is now enlisted as a global critical priority pathogen by WHO. Urgent measures are required to combat this formidable pathogen, necessitating the development of novel anti-pseudomonal drugs. To confront this pressing issue, we conducted an extensive screening of 3561 compounds from the ChemDiv library, resulting in the discovery of potent anti-pseudomonal quinazoline derivatives. Among the identified compounds, IDD-8E has emerged as a lead molecule, exhibiting exceptional efficacy against P. aeruginosa while displaying no cytotoxicity. Moreover, IDD-8E demonstrated significant pseudomonal killing, disruption of pseudomonal biofilm and other anti-bacterial properties comparable to a well-known antibiotic rifampicin. Additionally, IDD-8E's synergy with different antibiotics further strengthens its potential as a powerful anti-pseudomonal agent. IDD-8E also exhibited significant antimicrobial efficacy against other ESKAPE pathogens. Moreover, we elucidated the Structure-Activity-Relationship (SAR) of IDD-8E targeting the essential WaaP protein in P. aeruginosa. Altogether, our findings emphasize the promise of IDD-8E as a clinical candidate for novel anti-pseudomonal drugs, offering hope in the battle against antibiotic resistance and its devastating impact on global health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakshit Manhas
- Infectious Diseases Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Arti Rathore
- Infectious Diseases Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Ujwal Havelikar
- Infectious Diseases Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Shavi Mahajan
- Infectious Diseases Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Sumit G Gandhi
- Infectious Diseases Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Avisek Mahapa
- Infectious Diseases Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Christopoulos P, Herster F, Hoffknecht P, Falk M, Tiemann M, Kopp HG, Althoff A, Stammberger A, Laack E. Activity of afatinib in patients with NSCLC harboring novel uncommon EGFR mutations with or without co-mutations: a case report. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1347742. [PMID: 38769948 PMCID: PMC11103604 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1347742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) represent first-line standard of care in unresectable EGFR mutation-positive (EGFRm+) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, 10-20% of patients with EGFRm+ NSCLC have uncommon EGFR variants, defined as mutations other than L858R substitutions or exon 19 deletions. NSCLC harboring uncommon EGFR mutations may demonstrate lower sensitivity to targeted agents than NSCLC with L858R or exon 19 deletion mutations. Prospective clinical trial data in patients with NSCLC uncommon EGFR mutations are lacking. Afatinib is a second-generation TKI and the only Food and Drug Administration-approved drug for some of the more prevalent uncommon EGFR mutations. We present a series of seven case reports describing clinical outcomes in afatinib-treated patients with NSCLC harboring a diverse range of extremely rare mutations with or without co-mutations affecting other genes. EGFR alterations included compound mutations, P-loop αC-helix compressing mutations, and novel substitution mutations. We also present a case with NSCLC harboring a novel EGFR::CCDC6 gene fusion. Overall, the patients responded well to afatinib, including radiologic partial responses in six patients during treatment. Responses were durable for three patients. The cases presented are in line with a growing body of clinical and preclinical evidence that indicating that NSCLC with various uncommon EGFR mutations, with or without co-mutations, may be sensitive to afatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Christopoulos
- Department of Oncology, Thoraxklinik and National Center for Tumor Diseases at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Thoracic Oncology, Translational Lung Research Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Franziska Herster
- Robert Bosch Center for Tumor Diseases (RBCT), Robert Bosch Hospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Petra Hoffknecht
- Lungenzentrum Osnabrueck, Franziskus-Hospital Harderberg, Georgsmarienhütte, Germany
| | - Markus Falk
- Lung Cancer Network NOWEL.org, Oldenburg, Germany
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Hematopathology Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Tiemann
- Lung Cancer Network NOWEL.org, Oldenburg, Germany
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Hematopathology Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Kopp
- Robert Bosch Center for Tumor Diseases (RBCT), Robert Bosch Hospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Andre Althoff
- Department of Pulmonology, Thoraxzentrum Offenbach, Sana Klinikum Offenbach, Offenbach, Germany
| | - Anja Stammberger
- Oncology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Ingelheim, Germany
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XIONG B, KE W, JIANG W. [Advances of Molecular Targeted Therapy in EGFR-mutated Squamous Cell Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2024; 27:283-290. [PMID: 38769831 PMCID: PMC11110274 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2024.101.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a prevalent tumour type in our country, with lung squamous carcinoma being a commonly observed NSCLC subtype besides lung adenocarcinoma. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a significant driver gene in lung cancer, and EGFR mutation frequency is considerably lower in lung squamous carcinoma in comparison to lung adenocarcinoma. Although targeted therapy against EGFR has demonstrated significant advancements in lung adenocarcinoma, while progress in lung squamous carcinoma has been relatively sluggish. This paper reviews recent studies on molecular targeted therapy for EGFR-mutated lung squamous carcinoma and summarises the efficacy of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in treating squamous carcinoma of the lung, in order to provide a reference for treating patients with EGFR-mutated squamous carcinoma of the lung.
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Epishkina A, Pakina V, Kutorkina E, Bogoslovskaya E, Tumutolova O, Tolstov M, Igrunkova A, Fedoseikin I, Blinova E, Semeleva E, Blinov D. A novel dihydroacridine derivative targets epidermal growth factor receptor-expressing cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2024; 15:104-110. [PMID: 38903549 PMCID: PMC11186549 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_392_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Small molecules are considered a source of novel medicines targeting carcinogenic intracellular pathways including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. The main goal of the study is to assess whether LHT-17-19 could be considered an effective target molecule against EGFR-expressing tumor cells in silico, in vitro, and in vivo. This was an in vivo, ex vivo, and in vivo experimental study. LHT-17-19 affinity to EGFR's kinase domain was assessed by the ligand's molecular docking. EGFR-expressing Hs746T human gastric cancer cell culture and patient-derived organoid (PDO) model of EGFR-positive breast cancer (BC) were used for in vitro assessment of the molecule anticancer property. IC50 and GI50 indexes were estimated using MTT- and MTS-based tests, respectively. Anticancer activity of LHT-17-19 against EGFR-expressing mutant lung carcinoma was studied on patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model established in 10 humanized BALB/c male mice. Continuous variables were presented as a mean ± standard deviation. Intergroup differences were assessed by two-way t-test. Kaplan-Meier's curves were used for survival analysis. High affinity of LHT-17-19 for the EGFR kinase domain with dG score -7.9 kcal/mol, EDoc-5.45 kcal/mol, and Ki 101.24 uM was due to intermolecular π-σ bonds formation and the ligand intramolecular transformation. LHT-17-19 induced anti-EGFR-expressing gastric cancer cells cytotoxicity with IC50 0.32 µM (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.11-0.54 µM). The derivative inhibited growth of EGFR-expressing BC PDO with GI50 16.25 µM (95% CI 4.44-28.04 µM). 2 mg/kg LHT-17-19 intravenously daily during 7 days inhibited PDX tumor growth and metastatic activity, prolonged animals' survival, and eliminated EGFR-mutant lung cancer cells from residual tumor's node. LHT-17-19 may be considered a molecular platform for further search of promising molecules, EGFR-expressing cancer cell inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Epishkina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Internal Diseases Propaedeutic, Sechenov University Mephi, Russia
- Medical Department, Unim LLC Mephi, Russia
| | - Viktoria Pakina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Internal Diseases Propaedeutic, Sechenov University Mephi, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Kutorkina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Internal Diseases Propaedeutic, Sechenov University Mephi, Russia
| | - Evgeniia Bogoslovskaya
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Internal Diseases Propaedeutic, Sechenov University Mephi, Russia
| | - Oksana Tumutolova
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutics, Ogarev National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russia
| | - Matvey Tolstov
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Internal Diseases Propaedeutic, Sechenov University Mephi, Russia
| | - Aleksandra Igrunkova
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Internal Diseases Propaedeutic, Sechenov University Mephi, Russia
| | - Ilya Fedoseikin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Internal Diseases Propaedeutic, Sechenov University Mephi, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Blinova
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Internal Diseases Propaedeutic, Sechenov University Mephi, Russia
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, National Research Nuclear University Mephi, Russia
| | - Elena Semeleva
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutics, Ogarev National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russia
| | - Dmitrii Blinov
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
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Chen B, Li Y, Li W, Ye S, Zhu L, Ding Y. Antitumor Activity and Mechanism of Terpenoids in Seaweeds Based on Literature Review and Network Pharmacology. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300541. [PMID: 38134388 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Seaweeds are a treasure trove of natural secondary metabolites. Terpenoids extracted from seaweeds are shown to possess a variety of antitumor cellular activities. However, due to the complex and diverse structures of terpenoids, their therapeutic targets and complex mechanisms of action have not been clarified. The present study summarises the research on terpenoids from seaweeds in oncological diseases over the last 20 years. Terpenoids show different degrees of inhibitory effects on different types of tumor cells, suggesting that terpenoids in seaweeds may have potential antitumor disease potential. Terpenoids with potential antitumor activity and their mechanism of action are investigated using network pharmacology. A total of 125 terpenoids and 286 targets are obtained. Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src(SRC), Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK3, MAPK1), Heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha (HSP90AA1), Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), and RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1) are defined as core targets. According to GO function and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG) enrichment analysis, terpenoids may affect the Phoshatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway, Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, Prostate cancer, MAPK signaling pathway, and Proteoglycans in cancer. In addition, the molecular docking results show that the selected terpenoids are all able to bind strongly to the active protein. Terpenoids may slow down the progression of cancer by controlling apoptosis, proliferation, and protein and enzyme binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoguo Chen
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, China
| | - Yaxin Li
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, China
| | - Wei Li
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, 41062, South Korea
| | - Shuhong Ye
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, China
| | - Yan Ding
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, China
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Abdel-Mohsen HT, Anwar MM, Ahmed NS, Abd El-Karim SS, Abdelwahed SH. Recent Advances in Structural Optimization of Quinazoline-Based Protein Kinase Inhibitors for Cancer Therapy (2021-Present). Molecules 2024; 29:875. [PMID: 38398626 PMCID: PMC10892255 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complicated, multifaceted disease that can impact any organ in the body. Various chemotherapeutic agents have a low selectivity and are very toxic when used alone or in combination with others. Resistance is one of the most important hurdles that develop due to the use of many anticancer therapeutics. As a result, treating cancer requires a target-specific palliative care strategy. Remarkable scientific discoveries have shed light on several of the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer, resulting in the development of various targeted anticancer agents. One of the most important heterocyclic motifs is quinazoline, which has a wide range of biological uses and chemical reactivities. Newer, more sophisticated medications with quinazoline structures have been found in the last few years, and great strides have been made in creating effective protocols for building these pharmacologically active scaffolds. A new class of chemotherapeutic agents known as quinazoline-based derivatives possessing anticancer properties consists of several well-known compounds that block different protein kinases and other molecular targets. This review highlights recent updates (2021-2024) on various quinazoline-based derivatives acting against different protein kinases as anticancer chemotherapeutics. It also provides guidance for the design and synthesis of novel quinazoline analogues that could serve as lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba T. Abdel-Mohsen
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, El-Bohouth Street, Dokki, Cairo P.O. Box 12622, Egypt;
| | - Manal M. Anwar
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, El-Bohouth Street, Dokki, Cairo P.O. Box 12622, Egypt; (M.M.A.); (N.S.A.); (S.S.A.E.-K.)
| | - Nesreen S. Ahmed
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, El-Bohouth Street, Dokki, Cairo P.O. Box 12622, Egypt; (M.M.A.); (N.S.A.); (S.S.A.E.-K.)
| | - Somaia S. Abd El-Karim
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, El-Bohouth Street, Dokki, Cairo P.O. Box 12622, Egypt; (M.M.A.); (N.S.A.); (S.S.A.E.-K.)
| | - Sameh H. Abdelwahed
- Department of Chemistry, Prairie View A & M University, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA
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Chen Q, Jia G, Zhang X, Ma W. Targeting HER3 to overcome EGFR TKI resistance in NSCLC. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1332057. [PMID: 38239350 PMCID: PMC10794487 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1332057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) play a crucial role in cellular signaling and oncogenic progression. Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR TKIs) have become the standard treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR-sensitizing mutations, but resistance frequently emerges between 10 to 14 months. A significant factor in this resistance is the role of human EGFR 3 (HER3), an EGFR family member. Despite its significance, effective targeting of HER3 is still developing. This review aims to bridge this gap by deeply examining HER3's pivotal contribution to EGFR TKI resistance and spotlighting emerging HER3-centered therapeutic avenues, including monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), TKIs, and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). Preliminary results indicate combining HER3-specific treatments with EGFR TKIs enhances antitumor effects, leading to an increased objective response rate (ORR) and prolonged overall survival (OS) in resistant cases. Embracing HER3-targeting therapies represents a transformative approach against EGFR TKI resistance and emphasizes the importance of further research to optimize patient stratification and understand resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuqiang Chen
- Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xilin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenxue Ma
- Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, and Sanford Stem Cell Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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Rai GP, Shanker A. Coevolution-based computational approach to detect resistance mechanism of epidermal growth factor receptor. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119592. [PMID: 37730130 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) correlates the neoplastic cell metastasis, angiogenesis, neoplastic incursion, and apoptosis. Due to the involvement of EGFR in these biological processes, it becomes a most potent target for treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) have endorsed high efficacy and anticipation to patients but unfortunately, within a year of treatment, drug targets develop resistance due to mutations. The present study detected the compensatory mutations in EGFR to know the evolutionary mechanism of drug resistance. The results of this study demonstrate that compensatory mutations enlarge the drug-binding pocket which may lead to the altered orientation of the ligand (gefitinib and erlotinib) causing drug resistance. This indicates that coevolutionary forces play a significant role in fine-tuning the structure of EGFR protein against the drugs. The analysis provides insight into the evolution-induced structural aspects of drug resistance changes in EGFR which in turn be useful in designing drugs with better efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyan Prakash Rai
- Department of Bioinformatics, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, Bihar 824236, India
| | - Asheesh Shanker
- Department of Bioinformatics, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, Bihar 824236, India.
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Shaban N, Kamashev D, Emelianova A, Buzdin A. Targeted Inhibitors of EGFR: Structure, Biology, Biomarkers, and Clinical Applications. Cells 2023; 13:47. [PMID: 38201251 PMCID: PMC10778338 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Members of the EGFR family of tyrosine kinase receptors are major regulators of cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival. In humans, abnormal activation of EGFR is associated with the development and progression of many cancer types, which makes it an attractive target for molecular-guided therapy. Two classes of EGFR-targeted cancer therapeutics include monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), which bind to the extracellular domain of EGFR, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which mostly target the intracellular part of EGFR and inhibit its activity in molecular signaling. While EGFR-specific mAbs and three generations of TKIs have demonstrated clinical efficacy in various settings, molecular evolution of tumors leads to apparent and sometimes inevitable resistance to current therapeutics, which highlights the need for deeper research in this field. Here, we tried to provide a comprehensive and systematic overview of the rationale, molecular mechanisms, and clinical significance of the current EGFR-targeting drugs, highlighting potential candidate molecules in development. We summarized the underlying mechanisms of resistance and available personalized predictive approaches that may lead to improved efficacy of EGFR-targeted therapies. We also discuss recent developments and the use of specific therapeutic strategies, such as multi-targeting agents and combination therapies, for overcoming cancer resistance to EGFR-specific drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Shaban
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.K.); (A.B.)
- Laboratory for Translational Genomic Bioinformatics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia
| | - Dmitri Kamashev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.K.); (A.B.)
- Laboratory for Translational Genomic Bioinformatics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia
- Institute of Personalized Oncology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Aleksandra Emelianova
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia;
| | - Anton Buzdin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.K.); (A.B.)
- Laboratory for Translational Genomic Bioinformatics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia
- Institute of Personalized Oncology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- PathoBiology Group, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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Yasmeen N, Ahmad Chaudhary A, K Niraj RR, Lakhawat SS, Sharma PK, Kumar V. Screening of phytochemicals from Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn as potential anti-breast cancer compounds targeting EGFR: an in-silico approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-43. [PMID: 38141177 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2294379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignancy among women around the world. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a tyrosine kinase receptor (RTK) of the ErbB/HER family. It is essential for triggering the cellular signaling cascades that control cell growth and survival. However, perturbations in EGFR signaling lead to cancer development and progression. Hence, EGFR is regarded as a prominent therapeutic target for breast cancer. Therefore, in the current investigation, EGFR was targeted with phytochemicals from Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn (C. inerme). A total of 121 phytochemicals identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis were screened against EGFR through molecular docking, ADMET analyses (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity), PASS predictions, and molecular dynamics simulation, which revealed three potential hit compounds with CIDs 10586 [i.e. alpha-bisabolol (-6.4 kcal/mol)], 550281 [i.e. 2,(4,4-Trimethyl-3-hydroxymethyl-5a-(3-methyl-but-2-enyl)-cyclohexene) (-6.5 kcal/mol)], and 161271 [i.e. salvigenin (-7.4 kcal/mol)]. The FDA-approved drug gefitinib was used to compare the inhibitory effects of the phytochemicals. The top selected compounds exhibited good ADMET properties and obeyed Lipinski's rule of five (ROF). The molecular docking analysis showed that salvigenin was the best among the three compounds and formed bonds with the key residue Met 793. Furthermore, the molecular mechanics generalized born surface area (MMGBSA) calculations, molecular dynamics simulation, and normal mode analysis validated the binding affinity of the compounds and also revealed the strong stability and compactness of phytochemicals at the docked site. Additionally, DFT and DOS analyses were done to study the reactivity of the compounds and to further validate the selected phytochemicals. These results suggest that the identified phytochemicals possess high inhibitory potential against the target EGFR and can treat breast cancer. However, further in vitro and in vivo investigations are warranted towards the development of these constituents into novel anti-cancer drugs.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrath Yasmeen
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Anis Ahmad Chaudhary
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Vikram Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
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Wang JL, Liu MS, Fu YD, Kan QB, Li CY, Ma R, Fang ZW, Liu HX, Li MX, Lv JL, Sang P, Zhang C, Li HW. Exploring the conformational dynamics and thermodynamics of EGFR S768I and G719X + S768I mutations in non-small cell lung cancer: An in silico approaches. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220768. [PMID: 38035047 PMCID: PMC10685407 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is often driven by mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene. However, rare mutations such as G719X and S768I lack standard anti-EGFR targeted therapies. Understanding the structural differences between wild-type EGFR and these rare mutants is crucial for developing EGFR-targeted drugs. We performed a systematic analysis using molecular dynamics simulations, essential dynamics (ED), molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area, and free energy calculation methods to compare the kinetic properties, molecular motion, and free energy distribution between wild-type EGFR and the rare mutants' structures G719X-EGFR, S768I-EGFR, and G719X + S768I-EGFR. Our results showed that S768I-EGFR and G719X + S768I-EGFR have higher global and local conformational flexibility and lower thermal and global structural stability than WT-EGFR. ED analysis revealed different molecular motion patterns between S768I-EGFR, G719X + S768I-EGFR, and WT-EGFR. The A-loop and αC-helix, crucial structural elements related to the active state, showed a tendency toward active state development, providing a molecular mechanism explanation for NSCLC caused by EGFR S768I and EGFR G719C + S768I mutations. The present study may be helpful in the development of new EGFR-targeted drugs based on the structure of rare mutations. Our findings may aid in developing new targeted treatments for patients with EGFR S768I and EGFR G719X + S768I mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ling Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Qujing Hospital, Qujing655000, China
| | - Ming-Sheng Liu
- Department of Urological Surgery, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Qujing Hospital, Qujing655000, China
| | - Yu-Dong Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Qujing Hospital, Qujing655000, China
| | - Qiang-Bo Kan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Qujing Hospital, Qujing655000, China
| | - Chun-Yan Li
- Department of Oncology, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Qujing Hospital, Qujing655000, China
| | - Rong Ma
- Clinical Laboratory, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Qujing Hospital, Qujing655000, China
| | - Zhe-Wei Fang
- Clinical Laboratory, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Qujing Hospital, Qujing655000, China
| | - Hong-Xia Liu
- Clinical Laboratory, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Qujing Hospital, Qujing655000, China
| | - Meng-Xian Li
- Clinical Laboratory, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Qujing Hospital, Qujing655000, China
| | - Jia-Ling Lv
- Department of Oncology, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Qujing Hospital, Qujing655000, China
| | - Peng Sang
- School of Life Science, Dali University, Dali671003, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Qujing Hospital, Qujing655000, China
| | - Hong-Wei Li
- Clinical Laboratory, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Qujing Hospital, Qujing655000, China
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12
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Singh S, Sadhukhan S, Sonawane A. 20 years since the approval of first EGFR-TKI, gefitinib: Insight and foresight. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188967. [PMID: 37657684 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) actively involves in modulation of various cancer progression related mechanisms including angiogenesis, differentiation and migration. Therefore, targeting EGFR has surfaced as a prominent approach for the treatment of several types of cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), pancreatic cancer, glioblastoma. Various first, second and third generation of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have demonstrated effectiveness as an anti-cancer therapeutics. However, rapid development of drug resistance and mutations still remains a major challenge for the EGFR-TKIs therapy. Overcoming from intrinsic and acquired resistance caused by EGFR mutations warrants the further exploration of alternative strategies and discovery of novel inhibitors. In this review, we delve into the breakthrough discoveries have been made in previous 20 years, and discuss the currently ongoing efforts aimed to circumvent the chemo-resistance. We also highlight the new challenges, limitations and future directions for the development of improved therapeutic approaches such as fourth-generation EGFR-TKIs, peptides, nanobodies, PROTACs etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyam Singh
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453 552, India
| | - Sushabhan Sadhukhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala 678 623, India; Department of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala 678 623, India.
| | - Avinash Sonawane
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453 552, India.
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13
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Singh J, Khanduja KL, Avti PK. Unravelling benzazepines and aminopyrimidine as multi-target therapeutic repurposing drugs for EGFR V774M mutation in neuroglioma patients. BIOIMPACTS : BI 2023; 14:28876. [PMID: 38938756 PMCID: PMC11199933 DOI: 10.34172/bi.2023.28876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Neuroglioma, a classification encompassing tumors arising from glial cells, exhibits variable aggressiveness and depends on tumor grade and stage. Unraveling the EGFR gene alterations, including amplifications (unaltered), deletions, and missense mutations (altered), is emerging in glioma. However, the precise understanding of emerging EGFR mutations and their role in neuroglioma remains limited. This study aims to identify specific EGFR mutations prevalent in neuroglioma patients and investigate their potential as therapeutic targets using FDA-approved drugs for repurposing approach. Methods Neuroglioma patient's data were analyzed to identify the various mutations and survival rates. High throughput virtual screening (HTVS) of FDA-approved (1615) drugs using molecular docking and simulation was executed to determine the potential hits. Results Neuroglioma patient samples (n=4251) analysis reveals 19% EGFR alterations with most missense mutations at V774M in exon 19. The Kaplan-Meier plots show that the overall survival rate was higher in the unaltered group than in the altered group. Docking studies resulted the best hits based on each target's higher docking score, minimum free energy (MMGBSA), minimum kd, ki, and IC50 values. MD simulations and their trajectories show that compounds ZINC000011679756 target unaltered EGFR and ZINC000003978005 targets altered EGFR, whereas ZINC000012503187 (Conivaptan, Benzazepine) and ZINC000068153186 (Dabrafenib, aminopyrimidine) target both the EGFRs. The shortlisted compounds demonstrate favorable residual interactions with their respective targets, forming highly stable complexes. Moreover, these shortlisted compounds have drug- like properties as assessed by ADMET profiling. Conclusion Therefore, compounds (ZINC000012503187 and ZINC000068153186) can effectively target both the unaltered/altered EGFRs as multi-target therapeutic repurposing drugs towards neuroglioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitender Singh
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India – 160012
| | - Krishan L Khanduja
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India – 160012
| | - Pramod K Avti
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India – 160012
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14
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Crintea A, Constantin AM, Motofelea AC, Crivii CB, Velescu MA, Coșeriu RL, Ilyés T, Crăciun AM, Silaghi CN. Targeted EGFR Nanotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:466. [PMID: 37754880 PMCID: PMC10532491 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14090466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite advances in treatment, the prognosis remains poor, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies. The present review explores the potential of targeted epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) nanotherapy as an alternative treatment for NSCLC, showing that EGFR-targeted nanoparticles are efficiently taken up by NSCLC cells, leading to a significant reduction in tumor growth in mouse models. Consequently, we suggest that targeted EGFR nanotherapy could be an innovative treatment strategy for NSCLC; however, further studies are needed to optimize the nanoparticles and evaluate their safety and efficacy in clinical settings and human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Crintea
- Department of Molecular Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (T.I.); (C.N.S.)
| | - Anne-Marie Constantin
- Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-M.C.); (C.-B.C.)
| | - Alexandru C. Motofelea
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babeș”, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Carmen-Bianca Crivii
- Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-M.C.); (C.-B.C.)
| | - Maria A. Velescu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Răzvan L. Coșeriu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology “George Emil Palade”, 540142 Târgu-Mureș, Romania;
| | - Tamás Ilyés
- Department of Molecular Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (T.I.); (C.N.S.)
| | - Alexandra M. Crăciun
- Department of Molecular Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (T.I.); (C.N.S.)
| | - Ciprian N. Silaghi
- Department of Molecular Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (T.I.); (C.N.S.)
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15
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Pal R, Teli G, Sengupta S, Maji L, Purawarga Matada GS. An outlook of docking analysis and structure-activity relationship of pyrimidine-based analogues as EGFR inhibitors against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37642992 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2252082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Almost 80% of lung cancer diagnoses each year correspond to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The percentage of NSCLC with EGFR overexpression ranges from 40% to 89%, with squamous tumors showing the greatest rates (89%) and adenocarcinomas showing the lowest rates (41%). Therefore, in NSCLC therapy, blocking the EGFR-driven pathway by inhibiting the intracellular tyrosine kinase domain of EGFR has exhibited significant improvement. In this view, several small molecules particularly pyrimidine/fused pyrimidine scaffolds were intended for molecular hybridization to develop EGFR-TK inhibitors. However, the associated limitation such as resistance and genetic mutation along with adverse effects, constrained the long-term treatment and effectiveness of such medication. Therefore, in recent years, pyrimidine derivatives were uncovered as potential EGFR TKIs. The present review summarised the research progress of EGFR TKIs to dazed structure-activity relationship, biological evaluation, and comparative docking studies of pyrimidine compounds. We have added the comparative docking analysis followed by the molecular simulation study against the four different PDBs of EGFR to strengthen the already existing research. Docking analysis unfolded that compound 14 resulted as noticeable with all different PDB and managed to interact with some of the crucial amino acid residues. From a future perspective, researchers must develop a more selective inhibitor, that can selectively target the mutation. Our review will support medicinal chemists in the direction of the development of novel pyrimidine-based EGFR TKIs.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Pal
- Integrated Drug Discovery Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ghanshyam Teli
- Integrated Drug Discovery Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sindhuja Sengupta
- Integrated Drug Discovery Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Lalmohan Maji
- Integrated Drug Discovery Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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16
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Kun Y, Wu J, Chen S. Effects of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeted combined chemotherapy on immune function, tumor markers and oxidative stress in patients with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma. Pak J Med Sci 2023; 39:742-746. [PMID: 37250563 PMCID: PMC10214797 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.39.3.7397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of EGFR-TKI combined chemotherapy on immune function, tumor markers and oxidative stress in patients with stage-IV lung adenocarcinoma. Methods This retrospective observational study included 116 patients with stage-IV lung adenocarcinoma, treated in The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2021 to January 2022. According to the treatment records, 60 patients that received pemetrexed + cisplatin for four courses were set as a Control-group and 56 patients that received EGFR-TKI + pemetrexed + cisplatin for four courses were set as an Observation-group. Changes in immune function, tumor marker levels and oxidative stress level in the two groups were analyzed and compared. Results After the treatment, levels of CD3+, CD4+, IgG and IgM in the Control-group were significantly lower than those before the treatment. EGFR-TKI + pemetrexed + cisplatin resulted in levels of CD3+, CD4+, IgG and IgM higher than before the treatment, and compared to the Control-group (p<0.001). After the treatment, the levels of NSE, serum CEA, serum CA125, CYFEA21-1 in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment, and lower in the Observation-group (p<0.001). After the treatment, VEGF and MMP9 levels in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment, and markedly lower in the Observation-group (p<0.001). Conclusion Compared with systemic chemotherapy, EGFR-TKI targeted combined chemotherapy for stage-IV lung adenocarcinoma is associated with enhanced immune function of patients. It more effectively inhibits the growth and proliferation of tumor cells and reduces the level of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiao Kun
- Yanxiao Kun, Department of Surgery II, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated, Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wu
- Jian Wu, Department of Surgery II, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated, Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Shaomu Chen
- Shaomu Chen, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 251000, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
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17
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Song X, Cao L, Ni B, Wang J, Qin X, Sun X, Xu B, Wang X, Li J. Challenges of EGFR-TKIs in NSCLC and the potential role of herbs and active compounds: From mechanism to clinical practice. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1090500. [PMID: 37089959 PMCID: PMC10120859 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1090500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are the most common oncogenic driver in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are widely used in the treatment of lung cancer, especially in the first-line treatment of advanced NSCLC, and EGFR-TKIs monotherapy has achieved better efficacy and tolerability compared with standard chemotherapy. However, acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs and associated adverse events pose a significant obstacle to targeted lung cancer therapy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to seek effective interventions to overcome these limitations. Natural medicines have shown potential therapeutic advantages in reversing acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs and reducing adverse events, bringing new options and directions for EGFR-TKIs combination therapy. In this paper, we systematically demonstrated the resistance mechanism of EGFR-TKIs, the clinical strategy of each generation of EGFR-TKIs in the synergistic treatment of NSCLC, the treatment-related adverse events of EGFR-TKIs, and the potential role of traditional Chinese medicine in overcoming the resistance and adverse reactions of EGFR-TKIs. Herbs and active compounds have the potential to act synergistically through multiple pathways and multiple mechanisms of overall regulation, combined with targeted therapy, and are expected to be an innovative model for NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Song
- Department of Oncology, Guang’ Anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luchang Cao
- Department of Oncology, Guang’ Anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baoyi Ni
- Department of Oncology, Guang’ Anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qin
- Department of Oncology, Guang’ Anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyue Sun
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bowen Xu
- Department of Oncology, Guang’ Anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmiao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Guang’ Anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Oncology, Guang’ Anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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18
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Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment with Molecularly Targeted Therapy and Concurrent Radiotherapy—A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065858. [PMID: 36982933 PMCID: PMC10052930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide for both men and women. Surgery can be offered as a radical treatment at stages I and II and selected cases of stage III (III A). Whereas at more advanced stages, combined modalities of treatment are applied: radiochemotherapy (IIIB) and molecularly targeted treatment (small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors, VEGF receptor inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, and immunological treatment with monoclonal antibodies). Combination treatment, composed of radiotherapy and molecular therapy, is increasingly employed in locally advanced and metastatic lung cancer management. Recent studies have indicated a synergistic effect of such treatment and modification of immune response. The combination of immunotherapy and radiotherapy may result in the enhancement of the abscopal effect. Anti-angiogenic therapy, in combination with RT, is associated with high toxicity and should be not recommended. In this paper, the authors discuss the role of molecular treatment and the possibility of its concurrent use with radiotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
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19
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Amin NH, El-Saadi MT, Abdel-Fattah MM, Mohammed AA, Said EG. Development of certain aminoquinazoline scaffolds as potential multitarget anticancer agents with apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Bioorg Chem 2023; 135:106496. [PMID: 36989735 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Newly designed 4 - aminoquinazoline derivatives (5a-f, 6a, b, 7, 8, 9, 10a-c, 11a, b, 12a, b and 13a, b) have been synthesized and evaluated for their potential multitarget anticancer activities, apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects. Thereupon, in vitro cytotoxic activities of all the synthesized compounds were screened against NCI 60 human cancer cell lines (nine subpanels) at NCI, USA. Successfully, 2-morpholino-N-(quinazolin-4-yl) acetohydrazide 5e was granted an NSC code, owing to its significant potency and broad spectrum of activity against various cancer cell lines; leukemia K-562, non-small cell lung cancer NCI-H522 cells, colon cancer SW-620, melanoma LOX IMVI, MALME-3M, renal cancer RXF 393, ACHN and breast cancer MDA-MB231/ATCC (GI% = 99.6, 161, 126.03, 90.22, 174.47, 139.7, 191 and 97, respectively). Compound 5e showed the best inhibitory activity (GI50 = 1.3 µM) against melanoma LOX IMVI, when tested at five doses against NCI 60 cell lines. Furthermore, compound 5e showed comparable EGFR and CDK2 inhibitory activity results (IC50 = 0.093 ± 0.006 μM and 0.143 ± 0.008 μM, respectively) to those of lapatinib and ribociclib (IC50 = 0.03 ± 0.002 μM and 0.067 ± 0.004 μM, respectively). Western blotting analysis of compound 5e against melanoma LOX IMVI marked out significant reduced EGFR and CDK2 protein expression percentages, up to 32.97% and 34.09%, respectively, if compared to lapatinib (31.18%) and ribociclib (29.66%). Moreover, compound 5e caused clear cell cycle arrests at S phase of renal UO-31 cells and at G1 phase of both breast cancer MCF7 and ovarian cancer IGROV1, associated with remarkable increase of DNA content of the controls. In accordance, it demonstrated promising anti- proliferative and apoptotic activities, showing a significant increase in total apoptotic percentages of renal cancer UO-31, breast cancer MCF7 and ovarian IGROV1 cancer cell lines, if compared to the control untreated cells (from 1.79% to 46.72%, 2.19% to 39.02% and 1.66 to 42.51%, respectively). Molecular modelling and dynamic simulation study results supported the main objectives of the present work.
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20
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Li MC, Coumar MS, Lin SY, Lin YS, Huang GL, Chen CH, Lien TW, Wu YW, Chen YT, Chen CP, Huang YC, Yeh KC, Yang CM, Kalita B, Pan SL, Hsu TA, Yeh TK, Chen CT, Hsieh HP. Development of Furanopyrimidine-Based Orally Active Third-Generation EGFR Inhibitors for the Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Med Chem 2023; 66:2566-2588. [PMID: 36749735 PMCID: PMC9969398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of orally bioavailable, furanopyrimidine-based double-mutant (L858R/T790M) EGFR inhibitors is described. First, selectivity for mutant EGFR was accomplished by replacing the (S)-2-phenylglycinol moiety of 12 with either an ethanol or an alkyl substituent. Then, the cellular potency and physicochemical properties were optimized through insights from molecular modeling studies by implanting various solubilizing groups in phenyl rings A and B. Optimized lead 52 shows 8-fold selective inhibition of H1975 (EGFRL858R/T790M overexpressing) cancer cells over A431 (EGFRWT overexpressing) cancer cells; western blot analysis further confirmed EGFR mutant-selective target modulation inside the cancer cells by 52. Notably, 52 displayed in vivo antitumor effects in two different mouse xenograft models (BaF3 transfected with mutant EGFR and H1975 tumors) with TGI = 74.9 and 97.5% after oral administration (F = 27%), respectively. With an extraordinary kinome selectivity (S(10) score of 0.017), 52 undergoes detailed preclinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Chun Li
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350401, Taiwan, ROC
- Biomedical
Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei City 115202, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Mohane Selvaraj Coumar
- Department
of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet 605014, Pondicherry, India
| | - Shu-Yu Lin
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350401, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yih-Shyan Lin
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350401, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Guan-Lin Huang
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350401, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Hwa Chen
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350401, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzu-Wen Lien
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350401, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Wen Wu
- Graduate
Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical
Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110301, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yen-Ting Chen
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350401, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ching-Ping Chen
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350401, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Chen Huang
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350401, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kai-Chia Yeh
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350401, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chen-Ming Yang
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350401, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Bikashita Kalita
- Department
of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet 605014, Pondicherry, India
| | - Shiow-Lin Pan
- Graduate
Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical
Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110301, Taiwan, ROC
- Ph.D.
Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110301, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tsu-An Hsu
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350401, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Teng-Kuang Yeh
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350401, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chiung-Tong Chen
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350401, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsing-Pang Hsieh
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350401, Taiwan, ROC
- Biomedical
Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei City 115202, Taiwan, ROC
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 300044, Taiwan, ROC
- , . Phone: +886-37-206-166
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Conage-Pough JE, Stopka SA, Oh JH, Mladek AC, Burgenske DM, Regan MS, Baquer G, Decker PA, Carlson BL, Bakken KK, Zhang J, Liu L, Sun C, Mu Z, Zhong W, Tran NL, Elmquist WF, Agar NYR, Sarkaria JN, White FM. WSD-0922, a novel brain-penetrant inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor, promotes survival in glioblastoma mouse models. Neurooncol Adv 2023; 5:vdad066. [PMID: 37324218 PMCID: PMC10263119 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a frequent oncogenic driver in glioblastoma (GBM), efforts to therapeutically target this protein have been largely unsuccessful. The present preclinical study evaluated the novel EGFR inhibitor WSD-0922. Methods We employed flank and orthotopic patient-derived xenograft models to characterize WSD-0922 and compare its efficacy to erlotinib, a potent EGFR inhibitor that failed to provide benefit for GBM patients. We performed long-term survival studies and collected short-term tumor, plasma, and whole-brain samples from mice treated with each drug. We utilized mass spectrometry to measure drug concentrations and spatial distribution and to assess the impact of each drug on receptor activity and cellular signaling networks. Results WSD-0922 inhibited EGFR signaling as effectively as erlotinib in in vitro and in vivo models. While WSD-0922 was more CNS penetrant than erlotinib in terms of total concentration, comparable concentrations of both drugs were measured at the tumor site in orthotopic models, and the concentration of free WSD-0922 in the brain was significantly less than the concentration of free erlotinib. WSD-0922 treatment provided a clear survival advantage compared to erlotinib in the GBM39 model, with marked suppression of tumor growth and most mice surviving until the end of the study. WSD-0922 treatment preferentially inhibited phosphorylation of several proteins, including those associated with EGFR inhibitor resistance and cell metabolism. Conclusions WSD-0922 is a highly potent inhibitor of EGFR in GBM, and warrants further evaluation in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ju-Hee Oh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ann C Mladek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Michael S Regan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gerard Baquer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul A Decker
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Brett L Carlson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Katrina K Bakken
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Lily Liu
- Wayshine Biopharm, Corona, California, USA
| | - Claire Sun
- Wayshine Biopharm, Corona, California, USA
| | - Zhihua Mu
- Wayshine Biopharm, Corona, California, USA
| | - Wei Zhong
- Wayshine Biopharm, Corona, California, USA
| | - Nhan L Tran
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - William F Elmquist
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nathalie Y R Agar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts ¸ USA
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Forest M White
- Corresponding Author: Forest M. White, 500 Main Street, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA ()
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22
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Jayaswamy PK, Vijaykrishnaraj M, Patil P, Alexander LM, Kellarai A, Shetty P. Implicative role of epidermal growth factor receptor and its associated signaling partners in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 83:101791. [PMID: 36403890 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays a pivotal role in early brain development, although its expression pattern declines in accordance with the maturation of the active nervous system. However, recurrence of EGFR expression in brain cells takes place during neural functioning decline and brain atrophy in order to maintain the homeostatic neuronal pool. As a consequence, neurotoxic lesions such as amyloid beta fragment (Aβ1-42) formed during the alternative splicing of amyloid precursor protein in Alzheimer's disease (AD) elevate the expression of EGFR. This inappropriate peptide deposition on EGFR results in the sustained phosphorylation of the downstream signaling axis, leading to extensive Aβ1-42 production and tau phosphorylation as subsequent pathogenesis. Recent reports convey that the pathophysiology of AD is correlated with EGFR and its associated membrane receptor complex molecules. One such family of molecules is the annexin superfamily, which has synergistic relationships with EGFR and is known for membrane-bound signaling that contributes to a variety of inflammatory responses. Besides, Galectin-3, tissue-type activated plasminogen activator, and many more, which lineate the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18) result in severe neuronal loss. Altogether, we emphasized the perspectives of cellular senescence up-regulated by EGFR and its associated membrane receptor molecules in the pathogenesis of AD as a target for a therapeutical alternative to intervene in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan K Jayaswamy
- Central Research Laboratory, KS. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - M Vijaykrishnaraj
- Central Research Laboratory, KS. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Prakash Patil
- Central Research Laboratory, KS. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Lobo Manuel Alexander
- Department of Neurology, KS. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Adithi Kellarai
- Department of General Medicine, KS. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Praveenkumar Shetty
- Central Research Laboratory, KS. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India; Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India.
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23
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Amelia T, Setiawan AN, Kartasasmita RE, Ohwada T, Tjahjono DH. Computational Prediction of Resistance Induced Alanine-Mutation in ATP Site of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415828. [PMID: 36555475 PMCID: PMC9784575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors can cause low survival rates in mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer patients. It is necessary to predict new mutations in the development of more potent EGFR inhibitors since classical and rare mutations observed were known to affect the effectiveness of the therapy. Therefore, this research aimed to perform alanine mutagenesis scanning on ATP binding site residues without COSMIC data, followed by molecular dynamic simulations to determine their molecular interactions with ATP and erlotinib compared to wild-type complexes. Based on the result, eight mutations were found to cause changes in the binding energy of the ATP analogue to become more negative. These included G779A, Q791A, L792A, R841A, N842A, V843A, I853A, and D855A, which were predicted to enhance the affinity of ATP and reduce the binding ability of inhibitors with the same interaction site. Erlotinib showed more positive energy among G779A, Q791A, I853A, and D855A, due to their weaker binding energy than ATP. These four mutations could be anticipated in the development of the next inhibitor to overcome the incidence of resistance in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasia Amelia
- School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Aderian Novito Setiawan
- School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | | | - Tomohiko Ohwada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Daryono Hadi Tjahjono
- School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +62-22-250-4852
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24
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Identification of a novel nitroflavone-based scaffold for designing mutant-selective EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting T790M and C797S resistance in advanced NSCLC. Bioorg Chem 2022; 129:106219. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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25
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Molecular targeted therapy for anticancer treatment. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:1670-1694. [PMID: 36224343 PMCID: PMC9636149 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00864-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the initial clinical approval in the late 1990s and remarkable anticancer effects for certain types of cancer, molecular targeted therapy utilizing small molecule agents or therapeutic monoclonal antibodies acting as signal transduction inhibitors has served as a fundamental backbone in precision medicine for cancer treatment. These approaches are now used clinically as first-line therapy for various types of human cancers. Compared to conventional chemotherapy, targeted therapeutic agents have efficient anticancer effects with fewer side effects. However, the emergence of drug resistance is a major drawback of molecular targeted therapy, and several strategies have been attempted to improve therapeutic efficacy by overcoming such resistance. Herein, we summarize current knowledge regarding several targeted therapeutic agents, including classification, a brief biology of target kinases, mechanisms of action, examples of clinically used targeted therapy, and perspectives for future development.
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26
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Borges G, Criqui M, Harrington L. Tieing together loose ends: telomere instability in cancer and aging. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:3380-3396. [PMID: 35920280 PMCID: PMC9490142 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere maintenance is essential for maintaining genome integrity in both normal and cancer cells. Without functional telomeres, chromosomes lose their protective structure and undergo fusion and breakage events that drive further genome instability, including cell arrest or death. One means by which this loss can be overcome in stem cells and cancer cells is via re‐addition of G‐rich telomeric repeats by the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT). During aging of somatic tissues, however, insufficient telomerase expression leads to a proliferative arrest called replicative senescence, which is triggered when telomeres reach a critically short threshold that induces a DNA damage response. Cancer cells express telomerase but do not entirely escape telomere instability as they often possess short telomeres; hence there is often selection for genetic alterations in the TERT promoter that result in increased telomerase expression. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the consequences of telomere instability in cancer and aging, and outline the opportunities and challenges that lie ahead in exploiting the reliance of cells on telomere maintenance for preserving genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Borges
- University of Montreal, Molecular Biology Programme, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, 2950 chemin Polytechnique, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1J4
| | - Mélanie Criqui
- University of Montreal, Molecular Biology Programme, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, 2950 chemin Polytechnique, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1J4
| | - Lea Harrington
- University of Montreal, Molecular Biology Programme, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, 2950 chemin Polytechnique, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1J4.,Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4
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27
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Shi K, Wang G, Pei J, Zhang J, Wang J, Ouyang L, Wang Y, Li W. Emerging strategies to overcome resistance to third-generation EGFR inhibitors. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:94. [PMID: 35840984 PMCID: PMC9287895 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01311-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), the receptor for members of the epidermal growth factor family, regulates cell proliferation and signal transduction; moreover, EGFR is related to the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and apoptosis. Therefore, EGFR has become an important target for the treatment of cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer, head and neck cancer, breast cancer, glioma, cervical cancer, and bladder cancer. First- to third-generation EGFR inhibitors have shown considerable efficacy and have significantly improved disease prognosis. However, most patients develop drug resistance after treatment. The challenge of overcoming intrinsic and acquired resistance in primary and recurrent cancer mediated by EGFR mutations is thus driving the search for alternative strategies in the design of new therapeutic agents. In view of resistance to third-generation inhibitors, understanding the intricate mechanisms of resistance will offer insight for the development of more advanced targeted therapies. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms of resistance to third-generation EGFR inhibitors and review recent strategies for overcoming resistance, new challenges, and future development directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunyu Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Guan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Junping Pei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Liang Ouyang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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28
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Treatment Strategies for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Harboring Common and Uncommon EGFR Mutations: Drug Sensitivity Based on Exon Classification, and Structure-Function Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102519. [PMID: 35626123 PMCID: PMC9139782 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The advent of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) has led to a dramatic improvement in the prognosis of patients having advanced EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). NSCLCs harboring “common” EGFR mutations, including exon 19 deletions and exon 21 L858R mutation substitutions, are sensitive to EGFR-TKIs. However, NSCLCs harboring “uncommon” EGFR mutations have poor sensitivity to EGFR-TKIs, and patients harboring uncommon mutations often experience poor outcomes. Here, we review the current EGFR-TKI therapy and the development of treatment strategies, including combined treatment and the exploration of new drugs. In addition, we discuss EGFR-TKI sensitivity based on structure-function analysis. Abstract The identification of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and development of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have dramatically improved the prognosis of advanced EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), setting a landmark in precision oncology. Exon 19 deletions and exon 21 L858R substitutions, which comprise the majority of common EGFR mutations, are predictors of good sensitivity to EGFR-TKIs. However, not all cancers harboring EGFR mutations are sensitive to EGFR-TKIs. Most patients harboring uncommon EGFR mutations demonstrate a poorer clinical response than those harboring common EGFR mutations. For example, cancers harboring exon 20 insertions, which represent approximately 4–12% of EGFR mutations, are generally insensitive to first- and second-generation EGFR-TKIs. Although understanding the biology of uncommon EGFR mutations is essential for developing treatment strategies, there is little clinical data because of their rarity. Moreover, clarifying the acquired resistance of EGFR-mutated NSCLC may lead to more precise treatments. Sequencing and structure-based analyses of EGFRmutated NSCLC have revealed resistance mechanisms and drug sensitivity. In this review, we discuss the strategies in development for treating NSCLC harboring common and uncommon EGFR mutations. We will also focus on EGFR-TKI sensitivity in patients harboring EGFR mutations based on the structural features.
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29
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Elrayess R, Darwish KM, Nafie MS, El-Sayyed GS, Said MM, Yassen ASA. Quinoline–hydrazone hybrids as dual mutant EGFR inhibitors with promising metallic nanoparticle loading: rationalized design, synthesis, biological investigation and computational studies. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02962f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel quinoline–hydrazone hybrid induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells through dual mutant EGFR inhibition with promising metallic nanoparticle loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranza Elrayess
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Khaled M. Darwish
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Gharieb S. El-Sayyed
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala City, Suez, Egypt
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Said
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Asmaa S. A. Yassen
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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