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Adamek J, Kuźnik A, Październiok-Holewa A, Grymel M, Kozicka D, Mierzwa D, Erfurt K. 1-Hydroxyalkylphosphonium Salts-Synthesis and Properties. Molecules 2023; 29:18. [PMID: 38202601 PMCID: PMC10780258 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
An efficient and convenient method for the synthesis of 1-hydroxyalkylphosphonium salts is described. Reactions were carried out at room temperature, in a short time, and without chromatography for product isolation. The properties of the obtained phosphonium salts were examined and discussed. In this paper, primary attention was paid to the stability of phosphonium salts, depending on the structure of the aldehydes used as substrates in their preparation. Other conditions such as the type of solvent, temperature, and molar ratio of the substrates were also investigated. Finally, the high reactivity of 1-hydroxyalkylphosphonium salts was demonstrated in reactions with amide-type substrates and (hetero)aromatic compounds. The developed step-by-step procedure (with the isolation of 1-hydroxyphosphonium salts) was compared to the one-pot protocol (in situ formation of such phosphonium salts).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Adamek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (A.K.); (A.P.-H.); (M.G.); (D.K.); (D.M.)
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anna Kuźnik
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (A.K.); (A.P.-H.); (M.G.); (D.K.); (D.M.)
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Październiok-Holewa
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (A.K.); (A.P.-H.); (M.G.); (D.K.); (D.M.)
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Mirosława Grymel
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (A.K.); (A.P.-H.); (M.G.); (D.K.); (D.M.)
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Dominika Kozicka
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (A.K.); (A.P.-H.); (M.G.); (D.K.); (D.M.)
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Dominika Mierzwa
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (A.K.); (A.P.-H.); (M.G.); (D.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Karol Erfurt
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Petrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
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Adamek J. Special Issue "Organophosphorus Chemistry: A New Perspective". Molecules 2023; 28:4752. [PMID: 37375307 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The European Chemical Society (EuChemS) and the European Parliament (Science and Policy Workshop, 25 May 2023) recognize phosphorus as one of the key chemical elements in daily life [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Adamek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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Adamek J, Mazurkiewicz R, Węgrzyk-Schlieter A. Generation and Reactivity of 1-Imidocarbenium Cations in the Friedel-Crafts-type Reaction. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:30486-30494. [PMID: 36061720 PMCID: PMC9434785 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we discuss the formation and reactivity of 1-imidocarbenium cations in Friedel-Crafts-type reaction between 1-imidoalkylphosphonium salts and arenes. The observed weakening of Cα-P+ bond is described qualitatively and quantitatively. The determination of rate constants and activation energies of Cα-P+ bond cleavage enabled systematic reactivity investigations of a series of phosphonium salts with different structures. Finally, the application scope for the imidoalkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons was explored. The results confirm that the generated 1-imidocarbenium cations are reactive enough to alkylate strongly activated, less-activated, or even inactivated aromatic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Adamek
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Bolesława Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Biotechnology
Center, Silesian University of Technology, Bolesława Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Roman Mazurkiewicz
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Bolesława Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anna Węgrzyk-Schlieter
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Bolesława Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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