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Li X, Gu Y, Ren L, Cai Q, Qiu Y, He J, Qu W, Ji W. Study of hispidulin in the treatment of uric acid nephropathy based on NF-κB signaling pathway. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14367. [PMID: 37880153 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Uric acid nephropathy (UAN) is caused by purine metabolism disorders. UAN rat models were established in SD rats. The modeling rats received different doses of hispidulin (10, 20, 50 mg/mL). Febuxostat was applied as the positive drug. Serum creatinine, uric acid (UA), and cystatin-C (cys-C), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-6 in rats were detected. HE staining was done to assess kidney injury. UAN rats possessed prominent levels of serum creatinine, UA, cys-C, and NGAL, which all reduced after hispidulin treatment in a dose-dependent manner. HE staining determined the improvement of kidney injury after treatment, which was comparable to the efficacy of febuxostat. Hispidulin inhibited the release of IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-6 in UAN rats. Hispidulin enhanced autophagy in UAN rats, presenting as ascending LC3II/I ratio and downregulated P62. The increasing trend of inflammasome-related proteins of NLRP3 and Caspase-1 was changeovered by hispidulin. The activation of NF-kB signaling was intercepted by hispidulin in UAN rats. Hispidulin can effectively improve renal function injury caused by UAN in rats. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of inflammatory response induced by autophagy and activation of NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Li
- Department of Nephrology, Nantong Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Yongqing Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Nantong Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Lihong Ren
- Department of Geriatrics, Nantong Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Qingqing Cai
- Department of Geriatrics, Nantong Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Yan Qiu
- Department of Nephrology, Nantong Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Nephrology, Nantong Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Qu
- Department of Nephrology, Nantong Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Rheumatology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Yi X, Xu C, Yang J, Zhong C, Yang H, Tang L, Song S, Yu J. Tiliroside Protects against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury via Intrarenal Renin-Angiotensin System in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15556. [PMID: 37958538 PMCID: PMC10648967 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tiliroside, a natural flavonoid, has various biological activities and improves several inflammatory diseases in rodents. However, the effect of Tiliroside on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the potential renoprotective effect of Tiliroside on LPS-induced AKI in mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (a single dose, 3 mg/kg) with or without Tiliroside (50 or 200 mg/kg/day for 8 days). Tiliroside administration protected against LPS-induced AKI, as reflected by ameliorated renal dysfunction and histological alterations. LPS-stimulated renal expression of inflammatory cytokines, fibrosis markers, and kidney injury markers in mice was significantly abolished by Tiliroside. This flavonoid also stimulated autophagy flux but inhibited oxidative stress and tubular cell apoptosis in kidneys from LPS-injected mice. Mechanistically, our study showed the regulation of Tiliroside on the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system in LPS-induced AKI mice. Tiliroside treatment suppressed intrarenal AGT, Renin, ACE, and Ang II, but upregulated intrarenal ACE2 and Ang1-7, without affecting plasma Ang II and Ang1-7 levels. Collectively, our data highlight the renoprotective action of Tiliroside on LPS-induced AKI by suppressing inflammation, oxidative stress, and tubular cell apoptosis and activating autophagy flux via the shift towards the intrarenal ACE2/Ang1-7 axis and away from the intrarenal ACE/Ang II axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Yi
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (X.Y.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.Y.); (L.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Chuanming Xu
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (X.Y.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.Y.); (L.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Jing Yang
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (X.Y.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.Y.); (L.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Chao Zhong
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (X.Y.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.Y.); (L.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Huiru Yang
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (X.Y.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.Y.); (L.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Le Tang
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (X.Y.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.Y.); (L.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Shanshan Song
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (X.Y.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.Y.); (L.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Jun Yu
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
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Kim Y, Lee H, Park HJ, Kim MK, Kim YI, Kim HJ, Bae SK, Kim YJ, Bae MK. Hispidulin Inhibits the Vascular Inflammation Triggered by Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide. Molecules 2023; 28:6717. [PMID: 37764491 PMCID: PMC10536826 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hispidulin is a natural bioactive flavonoid that has been studied for its potential therapeutic properties, including its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. The aim of this study was to explore whether hispidulin could inhibit the endothelial inflammation triggered by Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The adhesion of monocytes to the vascular endothelium was evaluated through in vitro and ex vivo monocyte adhesion assays. We analyzed the migration of monocytes across the endothelial layer using a transmigration assay. The results showed that treatment with hispidulin decreased the P. gingivalis LPS-induced adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells and their migration by suppressing the P. gingivalis LPS-triggered expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) through downregulating nuclear factor-қB (NF-қB). In addition, hispidulin inhibited P. gingivalis LPS-induced mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and AKT in endothelial cells. Altogether, the results indicate that hispidulin suppresses the vascular inflammation induced by P. gingivalis LPS. Mechanistically, it prevents the adhesion of monocytes to the vascular endothelium and migration and inhibits NF-қB, MAPKs, and AKT signaling in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Kim
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
- Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research Center (MRC), Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
- Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoyong Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
- Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research Center (MRC), Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
- Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Il Kim
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Kim
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
- Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research Center (MRC), Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
- Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Kyung Bae
- Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Jin Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Kyoung Bae
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
- Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research Center (MRC), Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
- Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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Yang AY, Choi HJ, Kim K, Leem J. Antioxidant, Antiapoptotic, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Hesperetin in a Mouse Model of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062759. [PMID: 36985731 PMCID: PMC10057564 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a severe inflammatory condition that can cause organ dysfunction, including acute kidney injury (AKI). Hesperetin is a flavonoid aglycone that has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effect of hesperetin on septic AKI has not yet been fully investigated. This study examined whether hesperetin has a renoprotective effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic AKI. Hesperetin treatment ameliorated histological abnormalities and renal dysfunction in LPS-injected mice. Mechanistically, hesperetin attenuated LPS-induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by the suppression of lipid and DNA oxidation. This beneficial effect of hesperetin was accompanied by downregulation of the pro-oxidant NADPH oxidase 4, restoration of glutathione levels, and activation of antioxidant enzymes. This flavonoid compound also inhibited apoptotic cell death via suppression of p53-dependent caspase-3 pathway. Furthermore, hesperetin alleviated Toll-like receptor 4-mediated cytokine production and macrophage infiltration. Our findings suggest that hesperetin ameliorates LPS-induced renal structural and functional injury through suppressing oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation.
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Liu M, Zeng M, Guo P, Zhang Y, Yang X, Jia J, Zhang Q, Zhang B, Cao B, Wang R, Zheng X, Feng W. Effects of three types of fresh Rehmannia glutinosa improve lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury in sepsis through the estrogen receptor pathway. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 26:579-586. [PMID: 37051100 PMCID: PMC10083830 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2023.67322.14757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To explore the effects and mechanism of three types of fresh Rehmannia glutinosa, namely Beijing No. 3 (BJ3H), Huaizhong No. 1 (HZ1H), and Taisheng (TS) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute kidney injury in the sepsis (S-AKI) mice model through the estrogen receptor pathway. Materials and Methods BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control (CON), model (LPS), astragalus injection (ASI), BJ3H, HZ1H, TS water extract groups, the estrogen receptor antagonist ICI182,780 groups were added to each group. The antagonist groups received an intraperitoneal injection of ICI 0.5 hr before administration and an intraperitoneal injection of LPS 3 days after administration. The kidney pathology, function, inflammatory factors, immune cells, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, and the protein expression levels of TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway in the mice kidneys were detected. Results ASI, BJ3H, HZ1H, and TS improved LPS-induced renal pathology in S-AKI mice, reduced the kidney and serum levels of inflammatory factors, positive rates of macrophages and neutrophils, levels of ROS and apoptosis, and the relative expression levels of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB p-p65/NF-κB p65, and NLRP3 proteins in the kidney. In addition, they increased the positive rate of dendritic cells (DCs) in the mice kidneys. The overall effect of HZ1H was superior to that of ASI, BJ3H, and TS. However, after adding ICI, the regulatory effects of drugs were inhibited. Conclusion The three types of fresh R. glutinosa may completely or partially affect the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway through the estrogen receptor pathway to exert a protective effect on S-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liu
- Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Mengnan Zeng
- Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Pengli Guo
- Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jufang Jia
- Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Qinqin Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Bing Cao
- Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ru Wang
- Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiaoke Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Corresponding authors: Xiaoke Zheng. Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China. ; Weisheng Feng. Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Weisheng Feng
- Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Corresponding authors: Xiaoke Zheng. Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China. ; Weisheng Feng. Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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Liu P, Zhu W, Wang Y, Ma G, Zhao H, Li P. Chinese herbal medicine and its active compounds in attenuating renal injury via regulating autophagy in diabetic kidney disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1142805. [PMID: 36942026 PMCID: PMC10023817 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1142805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the main cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide, and there is a lack of effective treatment strategies. Autophagy is a highly conserved lysosomal degradation process that maintains homeostasis and energy balance by removing protein aggregates and damaged organelles. Increasing evidence suggests that dysregulated autophagy may contribute to glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions in the kidney under diabetic conditions. Emerging studies have shown that Chinese herbal medicine and its active compounds may ameliorate diabetic kidney injury by regulating autophagy. In this review, we summarize that dysregulation or insufficiency of autophagy in renal cells, including podocytes, glomerular mesangial cells, and proximal tubular epithelial cells, is a key mechanism for the development of DKD, and focus on the protective effects of Chinese herbal medicine and its active compounds. Moreover, we systematically reviewed the mechanism of autophagy in DKD regulated by Chinese herb compound preparations, single herb and active compounds, so as to provide new drug candidates for clinical treatment of DKD. Finally, we also reviewed the candidate targets of Chinese herbal medicine regulating autophagy for DKD. Therefore, further research on Chinese herbal medicine with autophagy regulation and their targets is of great significance for the realization of new targeted therapies for DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Shunyi Hospital, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhui Zhu
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Guijie Ma
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Hailing Zhao
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Hailing Zhao, ; Ping Li,
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Hailing Zhao, ; Ping Li,
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Antioxidant, Anti-Apoptotic, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Farrerol in a Mouse Model of Obstructive Uropathy. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:337-352. [PMID: 36661510 PMCID: PMC9857068 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive uropathy is a clinical condition that can lead to chronic kidney disease. However, treatments that can prevent the progression of renal injury and fibrosis are limited. Farrerol (FA) is a natural flavone with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we investigated the effect of FA on renal injury and fibrosis in a mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Mice underwent a sham or UUO operation and received intraperitoneal injections of FA (20 mg/kg) daily for 8 consecutive days. Histochemistry, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining, TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay, Western blotting, gene expression analysis, and biochemical tests were performed. FA attenuated renal dysfunction (p < 0.05) and ameliorated renal tubular injury (p < 0.01) and interstitial fibrosis (p < 0.001) in UUO mice. FA alleviated 4-hydroxynonenal expression (p < 0.001) and malondialdehyde levels (p < 0.01) by regulating pro-oxidant and antioxidant enzymes. Apoptosis in the kidneys of UUO mice was inhibited by FA (p < 0.001), and this action was accompanied by decreased expression of cleaved caspase-3 (p < 0.01). Moreover, FA alleviated pro-inflammatory cytokine production (p < 0.001) and macrophage infiltration (p < 0.01) in the kidneys of UUO mice. These results suggest that FA ameliorates renal injury and fibrosis in the UUO model by inhibiting oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation.
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Protective Effects of Orexin A in a Murine Model of Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11237196. [PMID: 36498769 PMCID: PMC9740499 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11237196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent widely used in the treatment of various cancers, but its application is often limited due to complications such as acute kidney injury (AKI). Orexins are hypothalamic neuropeptides that modulate the sleep-wake cycle, neuroendocrine function, and the autonomic nervous system. Emerging evidence suggests that orexin A (OXA) has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in animal models of neuroinflammatory diseases of the central nervous system. However, the effect of OXA on kidney diseases has not been examined. Here, we investigated whether OXA has a protective effect in a murine model of cisplatin-induced AKI. Intraperitoneal administration of OXA ameliorated renal dysfunction, and histological abnormalities in mice injected with cisplatin. OXA inhibited cisplatin-induced oxidative stress through the modulation of prooxidant and antioxidant enzymes. This peptide reduced apoptotic cell death by inhibiting the p53-mediated pathway in mice injected with cisplatin. OXA also alleviated cisplatin-induced cytokine production and macrophage infiltration into injured kidneys. Taken together, these results showed that OXA ameliorates cisplatin-induced AKI via antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory actions. This peptide could be a potential therapeutic agent for cisplatin-induced AKI.
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Protective Effects of Carnosol on Renal Interstitial Fibrosis in a Murine Model of Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122341. [PMID: 36552549 PMCID: PMC9774539 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common feature of chronic kidney disease and is a promising therapeutic target. However, there is still limited treatment for renal fibrosis, so the development of new anti-fibrotic agents is urgently needed. Accumulating evidence suggest that oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress play a critical role in renal fibrosis. Carnosol (CS) is a bioactive diterpene compound present in rosemary plants and has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we investigated the potential effects of CS on renal injury and fibrosis in a murine model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Male C57BL/6J mice underwent sham or UUO surgery and received intraperitoneal injections of CS (50 mg/kg) daily for 8 consecutive days. CS improved renal function and ameliorated renal tubular injury and interstitial fibrosis in UUO mice. It suppressed oxidative injury by inhibiting pro-oxidant enzymes and activating antioxidant enzymes. Activation of ER stress was also attenuated by CS. In addition, CS inhibited apoptotic and necroptotic cell death in kidneys of UUO mice. Furthermore, cytokine production and immune cell infiltration were alleviated by CS. Taken together, these findings indicate that CS can attenuate renal injury and fibrosis in the UUO model.
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