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Raghupathy S, Sivalingam AM, Brahma N, Alex A. Phytochemical Analysis of Silver Nanoparticles of Psidium guajava Leaf Extract and Evaluation for Its Antibacterial Property. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S1256-S1262. [PMID: 38882743 PMCID: PMC11174281 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_565_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonessential heavy metals are toxic to human health. In this study, mercury, a hazardous metal, was detected by colorimetric analysis using Murraya koenigii. The eco-friendliness of this method was also emphasized. UV spectrum is a broad peak observed at 200-250 nm in P. guajava leaf extracts. The UV spectrum of green synthesized P. guajava exhibited an absorption band of 418 nm, which confirms the nanoparticle synthesis. FTIR analysis of the vibrational peak around 3307 cm-1 is assigned to ν(O-H) stretching that could possibly emanate from carbohydrates or phenolics. The peaks found around 2917 and 2849 cm-1 are ascribed to the -C-H stretch of the alkyl group, and the peak around 1625 cm-1 is due to the enolic β-diketones or -C = O stretch of carboxylic acids, while the corresponding -C-O stretch is observed around 1375 and 1029 cm-1. The assignment of peaks is similar. It is clear from the SEM image that the constituent parts were non-uniform sphere-shaped, agglomerated, and of an average size of 30.9 nm. XRD analysis was utilized to determine the structural characteristics and crystalline nature of P. guajava. The observed intensity peaks at 32.35°, 36.69°, 39.24°, 44.76°, 59.42°, and 67.35° represent the 2θ values for P. guajava in the diffraction pattern, aligning with the values in the standard database. The synthesized AgNPs tested antibacterial properties against various strains of microorganisms, including Escherichia coli, 25 μg/mL 6.02 ± 0.17 and 100 μg/mL 7.3 ± 0.05, Staphylococcus aureus, 25 μg/mL 05.02 ± 0.07 and 100 μg/mL 11.3 ± 1.12, Streptococcus mutans, 25 μg/mL 04.02 ± 0.19 and 100 μg/mL 11.1 ± 0.11, Enterococcus faecalis, 25 µg/mL 0.8.05 ± 0.11 and 100 µg/mL 11.7 ± 0.02. The short novelty of Psidium guajava (guava) lies in its potential relevance to human health, as it has been found to possess bioactive compounds with various medicinal properties, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities, making it a promising natural resource for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjana Raghupathy
- Natural Products and Nanobiotechnology Research Lab, Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), (Saveetha Deemed to be University), Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Azhagu Madhavan Sivalingam
- Natural Products and Nanobiotechnology Research Lab, Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), (Saveetha Deemed to be University), Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Neha Brahma
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), (Saveetha Deemed to be University), Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arockia Alex
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), (Saveetha Deemed to be University), Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Vinyagamoorthy S, Sivalingam AM, Alex A, Brahma N. Pharmacological Effect of In Vitro Antioxidant Property and Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) Utilizing Murraya koenigii Antibacterial Application. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S1263-S1269. [PMID: 38882802 PMCID: PMC11174184 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_567_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Nonessential heavy metals pose a significant threat to human health due to their toxicity. Mercury, in particular, is identified as a hazardous metal. The study aims to detect mercury using colorimetric analysis with Murraya koenigii, emphasizing the eco-friendliness of the method. Aims and Objectives The primary objective is to detect mercury using a colorimetric analysis method employing Murraya koenigii. Additionally, the study aims to investigate the eco-friendliness of this detection method. Materials and Methods Colorimetric analysis was conducted using Murraya koenigii to detect mercury. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy was employed to detect the formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), with a characteristic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band observed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) data analysis was performed to determine the crystalline nature and size of AgNPs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilized to visualize the morphology of AgNPs. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was employed to identify functional groups involved in reducing silver ions. Antibacterial properties of synthesized AgNPs were tested against various microorganisms, including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, and Enterococcus faecalis. Results Mercury was successfully detected using colorimetric analysis with Murraya koenigii. Formation of AgNPs was confirmed by UV-vis spectroscopy, with a characteristic SPR band at 418 nm. AgNPs were found to be crystalline with an average size of 5.20 nm, as determined by XRD analysis. SEM images revealed spherical and polycrystalline AgNPs. FTIR spectra indicated the involvement of the -OH group of compounds in the extract in reducing silver ions. Synthesized AgNPs exhibited antibacterial properties against various microorganisms. Conclusion A sustainable and eco-friendly method for synthesizing AgNPs using Murraya koenigii extract was successfully developed. This method not only detected mercury but also demonstrated antibacterial properties against various microorganisms. The study underscores the health implications of nonessential heavy metals, emphasizing the importance of eco-friendly detection and mitigation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Vinyagamoorthy
- Natural Products and Nanobiotechnology Research Lab, Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), (Saveetha Deemed to be University), Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Azhagu Madhavan Sivalingam
- Natural Products and Nanobiotechnology Research Lab, Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), (Saveetha Deemed to be University), Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arockia Alex
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), (Saveetha Deemed to be University), Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Neha Brahma
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), (Saveetha Deemed to be University), Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Siddique AB, Amr D, Abbas A, Zohra L, Irfan MI, Alhoshani A, Ashraf S, Amin HMA. Synthesis of hydroxyethylcellulose phthalate-modified silver nanoparticles and their multifunctional applications as an efficient antibacterial, photocatalytic and mercury-selective sensing agent. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128009. [PMID: 37995781 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Water contamination by several aquatic pollutants such as dyes, heavy metal ions and microbes is a prevalent concern to health and environment. Thus, developing facile, economical, and eco-friendly strategies to tackle this problem have become paramount. Hence, this study reports the synthesis of hydroxyethylcellulose phthalate-capped silver nanoparticles (HEC-PA@AgNPs) using a simple sunlight-assisted route. The multifunctional applications of the synthesized particles as an efficient nanoprobe for the selective sensing of Hg2+ as well as their photocatalytic and antimicrobial activities were demonstrated. HEC-PA@AgNPs were systematically characterized by various advanced analytical techniques such as FTIR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), zeta potential (ZP) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The successful functionalization of AgNPs with HEC-PA was manifested using FTIR. SEM and XRD revealed the formation of spherical AgNPs with a face centered cubic structure and a crystallite size of 14 nm. The particles demonstrated a hydrodynamic size of 40 nm with a good colloidal stability as evidenced from the ZP value of -35 mV, suggesting the effective role of the negatively charged HEC-PA capping agent in stabilizing the NPs. HEC-PA@AgNPs exhibited fast naked-eye colorimetric detection, high selectivity, and sensitivity to Hg2+ in spiked real water samples over a wide range of pH (3-9) and temperatures (298-328 K), achieving a detection limit of 119 nM. The presence of other diverse metal ions didn't affect the specificity of the particles toward Hg ions. Further, the sensing mechanism is based on a characteristic redox reaction between Hg2+ and AgNPs. Further, HEC-PA@AgNPs showcased a more noxious antimicrobial activity to gram-positive bacteria (B. subtilis and S. aureus) than gram-negative bacteria (E. coli). Besides, AgNPs exhibited high photocatalytic potential under sunlight irradiation with a degradation efficiency of 79 % for methylene blue dye in only 80 min following pseudo-1st order kinetics with a rate constant of 0.019 min-1. The photocatalyst exhibited good reusability after five recycling runs. These results render our approach promising multifunctional analytical probe for environmental and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Bakar Siddique
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Dina Amr
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Azhar Abbas
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, Government Ambala Muslim College, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan.
| | - Lubna Zohra
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad I Irfan
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Ali Alhoshani
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saima Ashraf
- Research Center of Green Catalysis, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Hatem M A Amin
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
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Silver-Based Surface Plasmon Sensors: Fabrication and Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044142. [PMID: 36835553 PMCID: PMC9963732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of novel phenomena such as optical nonlinear enhancement effect, transmission enhancement, orientation effect, high sensitivity to refractive index, negative refraction and dynamic regulation of low threshold can be generated by the control of surface plasmon (SP) with metal micro-nano structure and metal/material composite structure. The application of SP in nano-photonics, super-resolution imaging, energy, sensor detection, life science, and other fields shows an important prospect. Silver nanoparticles are one of the commonly used metal materials for SP because of their high sensitivity to refractive index change, convenient synthesis, and high controllable degree of shape and size. In this review, the basic concept, fabrication, and applications of silver-based surface plasmon sensors are summarized.
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Hassan F, Sher M, Hussain MA, Saadia M, Naeem-Ul-Hassan M, Rehman MFU, Haseeb MT, Bukhari SNA, Abbas A, Peng B, Kanwal F, Deng H. Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Evaluation of Amoxicillin after Solubility Enhancement Using the Spray Drying Technique. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:48506-48519. [PMID: 36591136 PMCID: PMC9798760 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The dose frequency of drugs belonging to class II is usually high and associated with harmful effects on the body. The study aimed to enhance the solubility of the poorly water-soluble drug amoxicillin (AM) by the solid dispersion (SD) technique. Six different SDs of AM, F1-F6, were prepared by the spray drying technique using two other carriers, HP-β-CD (F1-F3) and HPMC (F4-F6), in 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 drug-to-polymer ratios. These SDs were analyzed to determine their practical yield, drug content, and aqueous solubility using analytical techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and powder X-ray diffraction. The effect of polymer concentration on SDs was determined using aqueous solubility, in vitro dissolution, and in vivo studies. The results showed no drug-polymer interactions in SDs. Solubility studies showed that SDs based on the drug-to-polymer ratio of 1:2 (F2 and F5) were highly soluble in water compared to those with ratios of 1:1 and 1:3. In vitro dissolution studies also showed that SDs with a ratio of 1:2 released the highest drug concentration from both polymeric systems. The SDs based on HPMC confirmed the more sustained release of the drug as compared to that of HP-β-CD. All the SDs were observed as stable and amorphous, with a smooth spherical surface. In vivo studies reveal the enhancement of pharmacokinetics parameters as compared to standard AM. Hence, it is confirmed that spray drying is an excellent technique to enhance the solubility of AM in an aqueous medium. This may contribute to the enhancement of the pharmacokinetic behaviors of SDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Hassan
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha40100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sher
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha40100, Pakistan
| | | | - Mubshara Saadia
- Department
of Chemistry, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan32200, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | - Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aliouf2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azhar Abbas
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha40100, Pakistan
- Department
of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated
Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong510006, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Government
Ambala Muslim Graduate College, Sargodha40100, Pakistan
| | - Fariha Kanwal
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai201620, China
| | - Huibiao Deng
- Department
of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai200127, China
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Ullah F, Ali Khan MF, Khan NH, Rehman MF, Shah SS, Mustaqeem M, Ullah S, Zhang Q, Shi H. Simvastatin-Loaded Lipid Emulsion Nanoparticles: Characterizations and Applications. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:23643-23652. [PMID: 35847279 PMCID: PMC9280776 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Simvastatin (SIM) is a diet drug to treat high lipid levels in the blood. It has the drawback of being metabolized in humans' gastrointestinal tract (GIT) when taken in an oral dosage form. To enhance the role of SIM in treating hyperlipidemias and bypassing its metabolism in GIT, a biodegradable nanocarrier as a SIM-loaded lipid emulsion nanoparticle via the solvent injection method was designed. Cholesterol acts as a lipid core, and Tween 80 was utilized to stabilize the core. The optimized nanoformulation was characterized for its particle diameter, zeta potential, surface morphology, entrapment efficiency, crystallinity, and molecular interaction. Furthermore, the transdermal hydrogel was characterized by physical appearance, rheology, pH, and spreadability. In vitro assays were executed to gauge the potential of LENPs and olive oil for transdermal delivery. The mean particle size and zeta potential of the optimized nanoparticles were 174 nm and -22.5 mV 0.127, respectively. Crystallinity studies and Fourier transform infrared analyses revealed no molecular interactions. Hydrogels showed a sustained release compared to SIM-loaded LENPs that can be proposed as a better delivery system for SIM. We encourage further investigations to explore the effect of reported formulations for transdermal delivery by in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiz Ullah
- Department
of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 15320, Pakistan
| | | | - Nazeer Hussain Khan
- Henan
International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School
of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- School
of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | | | - Syed Sakhawat Shah
- Department
of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 15320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mustaqeem
- Department
of Chemistry, Thal University, Bhakkar Campus, Bhakkar 30000, Pakistan
| | - Sami Ullah
- Department
of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad 54000, Pakistan
| | - Qidi Zhang
- Department
of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hongchao Shi
- Department
of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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