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Wang S, Liu W, Wei B, Wang A, Wang Y, Wang W, Gao J, Jin Y, Lu H, Ka Y, Yue Q. Traditional herbal medicine: Therapeutic potential in acute gouty arthritis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118182. [PMID: 38621464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acute gouty arthritis (AGA) is characterized by a rapid inflammatory reaction caused by the build-up of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in the tissues surrounding the joints. This condition often associated with hyperuricemia (HUA), is distinguished by its symptoms of intense pain, active inflammation, and swelling of the joints. Traditional approaches in AGA management often fall short of desired outcomes in clinical settings. However, recent ethnopharmacological investigations have been focusing on the potential of Traditional Herbal Medicine (THM) in various forms, exploring their therapeutic impact and targets in AGA treatment. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review briefly summarizes the current potential pharmacological mechanisms of THMs - including active ingredients, extracts, and prescriptions -in the treatment of AGA, and discusses the relevant potential mechanisms and molecular targets in depth. The objective of this study is to offer extensive information and a reference point for the exploration of targeted AGA treatment using THMs. MATERIALS AND METHODS This review obtained scientific publications focused on in vitro and in vivo studies of anti-AGA THMs conducted between 2013 and 2023. The literature was collected from various journals and electronic databases, including PubMed, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The retrieval and analysis of relevant articles were guided by keywords such as "acute gouty arthritis and Chinese herbal medicine," "acute gouty arthritis herbal prescription," "acute gouty arthritis and immune cells," "acute gouty arthritis and inflammation," "acute gouty arthritis and NOD-like receptor thermoprotein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3)," "acute gouty arthritis and miRNA," and "acute gouty arthritis and oxidative stress." RESULTS We found that AGA has a large number of therapeutic targets, highlighting the effectiveness the potential of THMs in AGA treatment through in vitro and in vivo studies. THMs and their active ingredients can mitigate AGA symptoms through a variety of therapeutic targets, such as influencing macrophage polarization, neutrophils, T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and addressing factors like inflammation, NLRP3 inflammasome, signaling pathways, oxidative stress, and miRNA multi-target interactions. The anti-AGA properties of THMs, including their active components and prescriptions, were systematically summarized and categorized based on their respective therapeutic targets. CONCLUSION phenolic, flavonoid, terpenoid and alkaloid compounds in THMs are considered the key ingredients to improve AGA. THMs and their active ingredients achieve enhanced efficacy through interactions with multiple targets, of which NLRP3 is a main therapeutic target. Nonetheless, given the intricate composition of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), additional research is required to unravel the underlying mechanisms and molecular targets through which THMs alleviate AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Wei Liu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China.
| | - Bowen Wei
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Aihua Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Wen Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Jingyue Gao
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Yue Jin
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Hang Lu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Yuxiu Ka
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Qingyun Yue
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
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Cilleros-Holgado P, Gómez-Fernández D, Piñero-Pérez R, Romero Domínguez JM, Talaverón-Rey M, Reche-López D, Suárez-Rivero JM, Álvarez-Córdoba M, Romero-González A, López-Cabrera A, Oliveira MCD, Rodríguez-Sacristan A, Sánchez-Alcázar JA. Polydatin and Nicotinamide Rescue the Cellular Phenotype of Mitochondrial Diseases by Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response (mtUPR) Activation. Biomolecules 2024; 14:598. [PMID: 38786005 PMCID: PMC11118892 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary mitochondrial diseases result from mutations in nuclear DNA (nDNA) or mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genes, encoding proteins crucial for mitochondrial structure or function. Given that few disease-specific therapies are available for mitochondrial diseases, novel treatments to reverse mitochondrial dysfunction are necessary. In this work, we explored new therapeutic options in mitochondrial diseases using fibroblasts and induced neurons derived from patients with mutations in the GFM1 gene. This gene encodes the essential mitochondrial translation elongation factor G1 involved in mitochondrial protein synthesis. Due to the severe mitochondrial defect, mutant GFM1 fibroblasts cannot survive in galactose medium, making them an ideal screening model to test the effectiveness of pharmacological compounds. We found that the combination of polydatin and nicotinamide enabled the survival of mutant GFM1 fibroblasts in stress medium. We also demonstrated that polydatin and nicotinamide upregulated the mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response (mtUPR), especially the SIRT3 pathway. Activation of mtUPR partially restored mitochondrial protein synthesis and expression, as well as improved cellular bioenergetics. Furthermore, we confirmed the positive effect of the treatment in GFM1 mutant induced neurons obtained by direct reprogramming from patient fibroblasts. Overall, we provide compelling evidence that mtUPR activation is a promising therapeutic strategy for GFM1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Cilleros-Holgado
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - David Gómez-Fernández
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Rocío Piñero-Pérez
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - José Manuel Romero Domínguez
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Marta Talaverón-Rey
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Diana Reche-López
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Juan Miguel Suárez-Rivero
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Mónica Álvarez-Córdoba
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Ana Romero-González
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Alejandra López-Cabrera
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Marta Castro De Oliveira
- Neuropediatria, Neurolinkia, C. Jardín de la Isla, 8, Local 4 y 5, 41014 Sevilla, Spain;
- FEA Pediatría, Centro Universitario Hospitalar de Faro, R. Leão Penedo, 8000-386 Faro, Portugal
| | - Andrés Rodríguez-Sacristan
- Neuropediatría, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, 41009 Sevilla, Spain;
- Departamento de Farmacología, Radiología y Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José Antonio Sánchez-Alcázar
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (J.M.R.D.); (M.T.-R.); (D.R.-L.); (J.M.S.-R.); (M.Á.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (A.L.-C.)
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Schimith LE, Machado da Silva V, Costa-Silva DGD, Seregni Monteiro LK, Muccillo-Baisch AL, André-Miral C, Hort MA. Preclinical toxicological assessment of polydatin in zebrafish model. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38311823 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2311287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Polydatin (3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene-3-β-D-glucoside, piceid), a natural stilbenoid found in different plant sources, has gained increasing attention for its potential health benefits. However, prior to its widespread adoption in human therapeutics and consumer products, a comprehensive investigation of its toxicological effects is crucial. In this study, the toxicity of polydatin was investigated in a developmental toxicity test using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a valuable model for preclinical assessments. We employed the Fish Embryo Test (FET test - OECD n°236) to investigate the effects of polydatin on survival, hatchability, development, and behavior of zebrafish embryo-larval stage. Remarkably, the results demonstrated that polydatin up to 435 μM showed no toxicity. Throughout the exposure period, zebrafish embryos exposed to polydatin exhibited normal development, with no significant mortality observed. Furthermore, hatching success and heartbeat rate were unaffected, and no morphological abnormalities were identified, signifying a lack of teratogenic effects and cardiotoxicity. Locomotion activity assessment revealed normal swimming patterns and response to stimuli, indicating no neurotoxic effects. Our study provides valuable insights into the toxicological profile of polydatin, suggesting that it may offer potential therapeutic benefits under a considerable concentration range. In addition, zebrafish model proves to be an efficient system for early-stage toxicological screening, guiding further investigations into the secure utilization of polydatin for human health and wellness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Emanueli Schimith
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
| | | | - Dennis Guilherme da Costa-Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
| | | | - Ana Luiza Muccillo-Baisch
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
| | | | - Mariana Appel Hort
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
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Agar S, Akkurt B, Ulukaya E. The Inhibition Mechanism of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma via LXR Receptors: A Multifaceted Approach Integrating Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics and Post-MD Inter-Molecular Contact Analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023; 24:4103-4109. [PMID: 38156844 PMCID: PMC10909095 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2023.24.12.4103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has an unfavorable outlook due to its aggressive characteristics, delayed diagnosis, and limited effective treatment options for advanced stages of the disease. The significant mortality rate has prompted investigations into additional factors that could aid in managing this type of cancer. Liver X receptors, specifically LXRα and LXRβ, are nuclear receptors that oversee the expression of genes related to cholesterol, glucose, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory responses. LXRs have also emerged as potential targets for addressing PDAC, and recent findings have demonstrated that LXR ligands can impede cell proliferation in various cancer forms, notably pancreatic cancer. This comprehensive computational research study involving oncological in silico mechanism discovery explored inhibitory ligands for Liver X receptors (LXRα and LXRβ), which are believed to have prognostic significance in PDAC. METHODS The study utilized Baicalein, Beta-Sitosterol, Polydatin ligands in molecular docking and dynamics and post-molecular Hydrogen bonding contact analyses dynamics to characterize receptor inhibition. RESULT The outcomes suggest that Baicalein exhibits versatile inhibitory effects on both receptors, while Beta-Sitosterol emerges as a highly effective inhibitor of LXRβ. CONCLUSION Further in vitro and in vivo investigations will be beneficial and would shed light onto the mechanism to decipher the suppression of PDAC evaluating the potential of Baicalein, Beta-Sitosterol, Polydatin natural ligand compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soykan Agar
- Kocaeli Health and Technology University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kocaeli 41275, Turkey.
| | - Barbaros Akkurt
- Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Istanbul 34469, Turkey.
| | - Engin Ulukaya
- Istinye University Medical Faculty, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Istanbul 34010, Turkey.
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Paczkowska-Walendowska M, Tajber L, Miklaszewski A, Cielecka-Piontek J. Hot Melt Extrusion for Improving the Physicochemical Properties of Polydatin Derived from Polygoni cuspidati Extract; A Solution Recommended for Buccal Applications. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1226. [PMID: 37765035 PMCID: PMC10535885 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Three different types of solid dispersions based on polyvinyl polymers and related copolymers (Kollidon® VA64, Soluplus® and Kollicoat IR®) comprising polydatin-rich Polygoni cuspidati extract were prepared by hot melt extrusion. The systems were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction, infrared spectroscopy as well as by polydatin release and in vitro permeability. Mucoadhesive tablets were prepared from the extrudates based on Kollidon® VA64 and Soluplus® to obtain a suitable pharmaceutical form, where (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose was added as a mucoadhesive agent. The tablets were evaluated in terms of the kinetics of polydatin release as well as their mucoadhesive properties. The best tabletability properties, polydatin release profile and adequate mucoadhesive properties were obtained by the formulation containing the Kollidon® VA64-based extrudate, which makes it an excellent prototype for enhancing the release of poorly water-soluble compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lidia Tajber
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrzej Miklaszewski
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Technical Physics, Poznan University of Technology, Jana Pawła II 24, 61-138 Poznan, Poland
| | - Judyta Cielecka-Piontek
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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Cimmino A, Fasciglione GF, Gioia M, Marini S, Ciaccio C. Multi-Anticancer Activities of Phytoestrogens in Human Osteosarcoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13344. [PMID: 37686148 PMCID: PMC10487502 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytoestrogens are plant-derived bioactive compounds with estrogen-like properties. Their potential health benefits, especially in cancer prevention and treatment, have been a subject of considerable research in the past decade. Phytoestrogens exert their effects, at least in part, through interactions with estrogen receptors (ERs), mimicking or inhibiting the actions of natural estrogens. Recently, there has been growing interest in exploring the impact of phytoestrogens on osteosarcoma (OS), a type of bone malignancy that primarily affects children and young adults and is currently presenting limited treatment options. Considering the critical role of the estrogen/ERs axis in bone development and growth, the modulation of ERs has emerged as a highly promising approach in the treatment of OS. This review provides an extensive overview of current literature on the effects of phytoestrogens on human OS models. It delves into the multiple mechanisms through which these molecules regulate the cell cycle, apoptosis, and key pathways implicated in the growth and progression of OS, including ER signaling. Moreover, potential interactions between phytoestrogens and conventional chemotherapy agents commonly used in OS treatment will be examined. Understanding the impact of these compounds in OS holds great promise for developing novel therapeutic approaches that can augment current OS treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chiara Ciaccio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (G.F.F.); (M.G.); (S.M.)
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Gołąbek-Grenda A, Kaczmarek M, Juzwa W, Olejnik A. Natural resveratrol analogs differentially target endometriotic cells into apoptosis pathways. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11468. [PMID: 37454164 PMCID: PMC10349804 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38692-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The specific characteristics of endometriotic cells are their ability to evade the apoptotic machinery and abnormal response to apoptotic stimuli. Natural-originated compounds may constitute a beneficial strategy in apoptosis modulation in endometriosis. We investigated and compared the potency of natural resveratrol analogs, including piceatannol, polydatin, and pterostilbene, in targeting cell death pathways, including apoptosis-related morphologic and biochemical processes, alongside the modulation of the critical genes expression. Upon resveratrol and pterostilbene treatment, a significant reduction of endometriotic cell viability and an increased apoptotic proportion of cells were noted. The lower antiproliferative potential was found for piceatannol and polydatin. Endometrial stromal T HESC cells were significantly more resistant than endometriotic epithelial 12Z cells to the cytotoxic activity of all analyzed compounds. They differentially affected endometriotic cell viability, cell cycle, anti- and proapoptotic genes regulation, caspases expression and enzymatic activity, and DNA fragmentation. Pterostilbene-mediated endometriotic cell apoptosis modulation was confirmed to be most effective but without evident caspase 3 upregulation. Our study provides valuable insight into the apoptogenic activity of resveratrol and its natural analogs in endometriotic cells. Data obtained revealed the highest therapeutic potential of pterostilbene by effectively targeting cell death determinants in endometriosis, strengthening its optimization in further extensive research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Gołąbek-Grenda
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 48 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-627, Poznan, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kaczmarek
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-866, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866, Poznan, Poland
| | - Wojciech Juzwa
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 48 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-627, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Olejnik
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 48 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-627, Poznan, Poland.
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