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Alanazi S, Alenzi ND. Phytochemical profiling and characterization of flavonoid derivatives from propolis sample and investigation of cytotoxic and antiprotozoal activities. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21295. [PMID: 39266600 PMCID: PMC11393427 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72379-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, the growth of consumer demand for functional foods with potential nutritional and health benefits led to rapid growth of analytical tools for profiling of bioactive metabolites and assure quality. Bee propolis is one of the most important bee products owing to its myriad health value. As a gummy exudate produced in beehives after harvesting from different plant species, bee propolis contains bioactive secondary metabolites. The current study aims to profiling the chemical composition of propolis samples from Nigeria using HPLC-UV-ELSD and with the aid of NMR-based analysis for assignment of metabolites classes abundant in Nigerian propolis. Red Nigerian propolis samples were subjected to phytochemical analysis using HPLC-UV-ELSD and NMR. Further chromatographic separation of promising fractions was performed by column chromatography and size exclusion chromatography. Screening of the antitrypanosomal and cytotoxic activities against Trypanosoma brucei and human leukemia cell lines (U937), respectively, was performed. The performance of LC-MS permitted identification of the different components from which 13 compound were identified and allowed combination of fractions to afford 9 fractions from which two isoflavonoids were isolated and identified using 1D and 2D NMR analysis with MS as isosativan and Medicarpin. Red Nigerian propolis crude extract showed the highest inhibitory activity at 6.5 µg/ml compared to moderate activity for the isolated compounds with MIC of 7.6 µg/ml and 12.1 µg/ml for medicarpin and isosativan, respectively. Moreover, the fraction RN-6 from the total extract showed the potent cytotoxic effect with IC50 = 26.5 µg/ml compared to standard diminazen which showed IC50 = 29.5 µg/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samyah Alanazi
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 11451, Riyad, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Naif D Alenzi
- Research and Laboratories Sector, National Drug and Cosmetic Control Laboratories (NDCCL), Saudi Food and Drug Authority, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Phuong DTL, Van Phuong N, Le Tuan N, Cong NT, Hang NT, Thanh LN, Hue VT, Vuong NQ, Ha NTT, Popova M, Trusheva B, Bankova V. Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic, and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Ethanol Extract and Chemical Constituents Isolated from Homotrigona apicalis Propolis-In Vitro and Molecular Docking Studies. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1682. [PMID: 37629539 PMCID: PMC10455239 DOI: 10.3390/life13081682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemical investigation of Homotrigona apicalis propolis collected in Binh Dinh province, Vietnam, led to the isolation of nine compounds, including four sesquiterpenes: spathulenol (1), 1αH,5βH-aromandendrane-4β,10α-diol (2), 1β,6α-dihydroxy-4(15)-eudesmene (3), and 1βH,5βH-aromandendrane-4α,10β-diol (4); three triterpenes: acetyl oleanolic acid (5), 3α-hydroxytirucalla-8,24-dien-21-oic acid (6), and ursolic acid (7); and two xanthones: cochinchinone A (8) and α-mangostin (9). Sesquiterpens 1-4 and triterpene 6 were isolated for the first time from stingless bee propolis. Plants in the Cratoxylum and Aglaia genus were suggested as resin sources of the propolis sample. In the antibacterial activity evaluation, the EtOH extract only showed moderate activity on S. aureus, while the isolated compounds 7-9 showed good antibacterial activity, with IC50 values of 0.56 to 17.33 µg/mL. The EtOH extract displayed selective cytotoxicity against the A-549 cancer cell line, with IC50 values of 22.82 ± 0.86 µg/mL, and the xanthones 8 and 9 exhibited good activity against the KB, HepG-2, and A-549 cancer cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 7.55 ± 0.25 µg/mL to 29.27 ± 2.07 µg/mL. The cytotoxic effects of xanthones 8 and 9 were determined by the inhibition of the EGFR and HER2 pathways using a molecular docking study. Compounds 8 and 9 displayed strong binding affinity with EFGR and HER2, with values of -9.3 to -9.9 kcal/mol. Compounds 5, 8, and 9 showed potential α-glucosidase inhibitory activities, which were further confirmed by computational studies. The binding energies of compounds 5, 8, and 9 were lower than that of arcabose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nguyen Van Phuong
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacognosy and Traditional Medicines, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi 11000, Vietnam; (N.V.P.); (N.T.C.); (N.T.H.)
| | - Nguyen Le Tuan
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Quy Nhon University, Binh Dinh 55000, Vietnam;
| | - Nguyen Thanh Cong
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacognosy and Traditional Medicines, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi 11000, Vietnam; (N.V.P.); (N.T.C.); (N.T.H.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Dai Nam University, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thu Hang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacognosy and Traditional Medicines, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi 11000, Vietnam; (N.V.P.); (N.T.C.); (N.T.H.)
| | - Le Nguyen Thanh
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (N.Q.V.); (N.T.T.H.)
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi 10000, Vietnam;
| | - Vu Thi Hue
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi 10000, Vietnam;
| | - Nguyen Quoc Vuong
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (N.Q.V.); (N.T.T.H.)
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi 10000, Vietnam;
| | - Nguyen Thi Thu Ha
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (N.Q.V.); (N.T.T.H.)
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Milena Popova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.P.); (B.T.); (V.B.)
| | - Boryana Trusheva
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.P.); (B.T.); (V.B.)
| | - Vassya Bankova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.P.); (B.T.); (V.B.)
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