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El-Beltagi HS, Ragab M, Osman A, El-Masry RA, Alwutayd KM, Althagafi H, Alqahtani LS, Alazragi RS, Alhajri AS, El-Saber MM. Biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles via neem extract and their anticancer and antibacterial activities. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17588. [PMID: 38948224 PMCID: PMC11212640 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In the present study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were synthesized using neem leaf aqueous extracts and characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Then compare its efficacy as anticancer and antibacterial agents with chemically synthesized ZnO-NPs and the neem leaf extract used for the green synthesis of ZnO-NPs. The TEM, UV-vis, and particle size confirmed that the developed ZnO-NPs are nanoscale. The chemically and greenly synthesized ZnO-NPs showed their optical absorbance at 328 nm and 380 nm, respectively, and were observed as spherical particles with a size of about 85 nm and 62.5 nm, respectively. HPLC and GC-MS were utilized to identify the bioactive components in the neem leaf aqueous extract employed for the eco-friendly production of ZnO-NPs. The HPLC analysis revealed that the aqueous extract of neem leaf contains 19 phenolic component fractions. The GC-MS analysis revealed the existence of 21 bioactive compounds. The antiproliferative effect of green ZnO-NPs was observed at different concentrations (31.25 µg/mL-1000 µg/mL) on Hct 116 and A 549 cancer cells, with an IC50 value of 111 µg/mL for A 549 and 118 µg/mL for Hct 116. On the other hand, the antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was estimated. The antibacterial result showed that the MIC of green synthesized ZnO-NPs against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were 5, and 1 µg/mL. Hence, they could be utilized as effective antibacterial and antiproliferative agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam S. El-Beltagi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa Ragab
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ali Osman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ragab A. El-Masry
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Khairiah Mubarak Alwutayd
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hind Althagafi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leena S. Alqahtani
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem S. Alazragi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahlam Saleh Alhajri
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, College of Agricultural and Food Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud M. El-Saber
- Biochemistry Unit, Genetic Resources Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
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Sitohy M, Enan G, Abdel-Shafi S, El-Wafa NA, El-Gazzar N, Osman A, Sitohy B. Mapping pathogenic bacteria resistance against common antibiotics and their potential susceptibility to methylated white kidney bean protein. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:49. [PMID: 38317090 PMCID: PMC10840264 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03202-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
As antibiotics cannot inhibit multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR), continuous research is mandatory to find other antibacterials from natural resources. Native legume proteins and their modified forms exhibited broad spectra of high antimicrobial activities. Sixteen bacterial isolates were mapped for antibiotic resistance, showing resistance in the range of (58-92%) and (42-92%) in the case of the Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, respectively. White native Phaseolus vulgaris protein (NPP) was isolated from the seeds and methylated (MPP). The MIC range of MPP against 7 MDR bacteria was 10-25 times lower than NPP and could (1 MIC) considerably inhibit their 24 h liquid growth. MPP showed higher antibacterial effectiveness than Gentamycin, the most effective antibiotic against Gram-positive bacteria and the second most effective against Gram-negative bacteria. However, MPP recorded MICs against the seven studied MDR bacteria in the 1-20 µg/mL range, the same for Gentamycin. The combination of Gentamycin and MPP produced synergistic effects against the seven bacteria studied, as confirmed by the Transmission Electron Microscopic images. The antimicrobial activity of MPP against the seven MDR bacteria remained stable after two years of cold storage at 8-10 °C as contrasted to Gentamycin, which lost 20-72% of its antimicrobial effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Sitohy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
| | - Gamal Enan
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Seham Abdel-Shafi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Neveen Abou El-Wafa
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Nashwa El-Gazzar
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Ali Osman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Basel Sitohy
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Infection and Immunology, Umeå University, 90185, Umeå, Sweden.
- Institution of Diagnostic and Intervention, Oncology, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden, Umeå University, Umeå, 90185, Sweden.
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Salem AM, Al-Sharif MS. Corrosion Prevention of Copper in 2.0 M Sulfamic Acid Using Novel Plant Extract: Chemical, Electrochemical, and Theoretical Studies. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:49432-49443. [PMID: 38162747 PMCID: PMC10753708 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Copper corrosion was suppressed when a lupine extract was immersed in a 2 M sulfamic acid (H2NSO3H) solution. Numerous methods, including mass loss (ML), dynamic potential polarization (PL), and electrochemical impedance (EIS), were employed in these experiments, in addition to theoretical computations such as density functional theory (DFT), Fukui function, and Monte Carlo simulations. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to analyze the Cu surface's composition and determine its form. Mass loss (ML) was used to examine the inhibition rate of copper corrosion in sulfamic acid at 25 °C in the presence of lupine extract. After examining how it behaved throughout the adsorption process on copper, it was discovered that it follows the Langmuir isotherm and chemical adsorption. An analysis of the PL curves indicates that the lupine extract is a mixed-type inhibitor. It was shown that the inhibitory efficiency increased to 84.2% with increasing lupine concentration. Additionally, as the data show, the efficiency of inhibitors is diminished by increasing temperatures. Theoretical calculations and experimental data were compared using Monte Carlo simulation (MC) and density functional theory (DFT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya. M. Salem
- Department
of Basic Science, Higher Institute of Electronic
Engineering (HIEE), Belbis 44621, Egypt
| | - Merfat S. Al-Sharif
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Taif
University, P.O. Box 1109, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
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Enan G, Abdel-Shafi S, El-Nemr M, Shehab W, Osman A, Sitohy M, Sitohy B. Controlling bacterial biofilm formation by native and methylated lupine 11S globulins. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1259334. [PMID: 37822740 PMCID: PMC10562546 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1259334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of the 11S globulins isolated from lupin seeds (Lupinus termis), and its methylated derivative (M11S), were investigated against seven pathogenic gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The MIC of 11S ranged from 0.1 to 4.0 μg/ml against 0.025 to 0.50 μg/ml for M11S, excelling some specific antibiotics. The MICs of M11S were 40-80 times lower than some specific antibiotics against gram-positive bacteria and 2-60 times lower than some specific antibiotics against gram-negative bacteria. One MIC of 11S and M11S highly reduced the liquid growth of all tested bacteria during 24 h at 37°C. They also inhibited biofilm formation by 80%-86% and 85%-94%, respectively (gram-positive), and 29%-44% and 43%-50%, respectively (gram-negative). M11S prevented biofilm formation by gram-positive bacteria at minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC), 0.025-0.1 μg/ml against 0.1-0.5 μg/ml for gram-negative bacteria, i.e., 4-20 times and 4-7 times anti-biofilm inhibitory action compared with 11S, respectively. Biofilm formation of two bacteria revealed no adhered cells on glass slides for 24 h at 37°C, i.e., was entirely prevented by one MBIC of 11S and M11S. Scanning electron microscopy indicated microbial biofilm deformation under the action of 11S and M11S, indicating their broad specificity and cell membrane-targeted action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal Enan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Seham Abdel-Shafi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mona El-Nemr
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Wesam Shehab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ali Osman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Sitohy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Basel Sitohy
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Infection and Immunology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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