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Miłek M, Franke G, Tomczyk M, Górecki M, Cwiková O, Jarošová A, Dżugan M. The Influence of Geographical Origin on Poplar Propolis Composition and the Impact of Human Microbiota. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:768. [PMID: 38931435 PMCID: PMC11206650 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ethanol extracts obtained from 13 poplar propolis samples originating from various European countries by traditional maceration were tested for total polyphenols, flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity. Moreover, the content of 18 polyphenolic compounds (from the group of phenolic acids and flavonoids) was determined using the HPLC method. The inhibitory effect of six selected extracts with the highest activity was assessed by well-diffusion method against five strains (Bifidobacterium spp., L. rhamnosus, L. acidophilus, E. coli, and Bacteroides spp.) of intestinal bacteria self-isolated from the faeces of obese probands with the use of selective media. It was found that the antioxidant activity of propolis varied depending on geographical origin and even among samples from the same region, which indicates that some other factors also influence propolis quality. The samples of different geographical origin varied mainly in the share of individual phenolic compounds, and it was not possible to find a characteristic marker of origin, excluding the galangin present in the Polish samples only. Assessing the inhibitory activity of propolis (in the range of 70 mg to 10 µg per mL) indicated that the concentration of 100 µg/mL was found as being safe for tested fecal bacteria (Bifidobacterium spp., L. rhamnosus, L. acidophilus, E. coli, and Bacteroides spp.). As no negative effect of low doses of propolis on the intestinal microflora was found, it can be suggested that its use in recommended doses brings only beneficial effects to the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Miłek
- Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszow, Ćwiklińskiej 1a St., 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland; (M.T.); (M.D.)
| | - Gabriela Franke
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1 St., 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (G.F.); (O.C.); (A.J.)
| | - Monika Tomczyk
- Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszow, Ćwiklińskiej 1a St., 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland; (M.T.); (M.D.)
| | - Miłosz Górecki
- PROKIT—Miłosz Górecki, Świętokrzyska 25 St., Kazimierów, 05-074 Halinow, Poland;
| | - Olga Cwiková
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1 St., 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (G.F.); (O.C.); (A.J.)
| | - Alžbeta Jarošová
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1 St., 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (G.F.); (O.C.); (A.J.)
| | - Małgorzata Dżugan
- Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszow, Ćwiklińskiej 1a St., 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland; (M.T.); (M.D.)
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Scorza C, Goncalves V, Finsterer J, Scorza F, Fonseca F. Exploring the Prospective Role of Propolis in Modifying Aging Hallmarks. Cells 2024; 13:390. [PMID: 38474354 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging populations worldwide are placing age-related diseases at the forefront of the research agenda. The therapeutic potential of natural substances, especially propolis and its components, has led to these products being promising agents for alleviating several cellular and molecular-level changes associated with age-related diseases. With this in mind, scientists have introduced a contextual framework to guide future aging research, called the hallmarks of aging. This framework encompasses various mechanisms including genomic instability, epigenetic changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, impaired nutrient sensing, and altered intercellular communication. Propolis, with its rich array of bioactive compounds, functions as a potent functional food, modulating metabolism, gut microbiota, inflammation, and immune response, offering significant health benefits. Studies emphasize propolis' properties, such as antitumor, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective effects, as well as its ability to mitigate inflammation, oxidative stress, DNA damage, and pathogenic gut bacteria growth. This article underscores current scientific evidence supporting propolis' role in controlling molecular and cellular characteristics linked to aging and its hallmarks, hypothesizing its potential in geroscience research. The aim is to discover novel therapeutic strategies to improve health and quality of life in older individuals, addressing existing deficits and perspectives in this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Scorza
- Disciplina de Neurociência, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
| | - Valeria Goncalves
- Disciplina de Neurociência, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
| | | | - Fúlvio Scorza
- Disciplina de Neurociência, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
| | - Fernando Fonseca
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André 09060-650, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema 09972-270, Brazil
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Hernández-Martínez JA, Zepeda-Bastida A, Morales-Rodríguez I, Fernández-Luqueño F, Campos-Montiel R, Hereira-Pacheco SE, Medina-Pérez G. Potential Antidiabetic Activity of Apis mellifera Propolis Extraction Obtained with Ultrasound. Foods 2024; 13:348. [PMID: 38275714 PMCID: PMC10815508 DOI: 10.3390/foods13020348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have linked phenolic compounds to the inhibition of digestive enzymes. Propolis extract is consumed or applied as a traditional treatment for some diseases. More than 500 chemical compounds have been identified in propolis composition worldwide. This research aimed to determine Mexican propolis extracts' total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, and digestive enzyme inhibitory activity (ɑ-amylase and ɑ-glucosidase). In vitro assays measured the possible effect on bioactive compounds after digestion. Four samples of propolis from different regions of the state of Oaxaca (Mexico) were tested (Eloxochitlán (PE), Teotitlán (PT), San Pedro (PSP), and San Jerónimo (PSJ)). Ethanol extractions were performed using ultrasound. The extract with the highest phenolic content was PE with 15,362.4 ± 225 mg GAE/100 g. Regarding the flavonoid content, the highest amount was found in PT with 8084.6 ± 19 mg QE/100 g. ABTS•+ and DPPH• radicals were evaluated. The extract with the best inhibition concentration was PE with 33,307.1 ± 567 mg ET/100 g. After simulated digestion, phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity decreased by 96%. In contrast, antidiabetic activity, quantified as inhibition of ɑ-amylase and ɑ-glucosidase, showed a mean decrease in enzyme activity of approximately 50% after the intestinal phase. Therefore, it is concluded that propolis extracts could be a natural alternative for treating diabetes, and it would be necessary to develop a protective mechanism to incorporate them into foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier A. Hernández-Martínez
- ICAP—Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Tulancingo de Bravo 43000, Hidalgo, Mexico; (J.A.H.-M.); (A.Z.-B.); (I.M.-R.); (R.C.-M.)
| | - Armando Zepeda-Bastida
- ICAP—Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Tulancingo de Bravo 43000, Hidalgo, Mexico; (J.A.H.-M.); (A.Z.-B.); (I.M.-R.); (R.C.-M.)
| | - Irma Morales-Rodríguez
- ICAP—Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Tulancingo de Bravo 43000, Hidalgo, Mexico; (J.A.H.-M.); (A.Z.-B.); (I.M.-R.); (R.C.-M.)
| | - Fabián Fernández-Luqueño
- Sustainability of Natural Resources and Energy Program, Cinvestav-Saltillo, Ramos Arizpe 25900, Coahuila, Mexico;
| | - Rafael Campos-Montiel
- ICAP—Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Tulancingo de Bravo 43000, Hidalgo, Mexico; (J.A.H.-M.); (A.Z.-B.); (I.M.-R.); (R.C.-M.)
| | - Stephanie E. Hereira-Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Interacciones Bióticas, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Km 10.5 de la carretera San Martín Texmelucan, San Felipe Ixtacuixtla, Villa Mariano Matamoros 90120, Tlaxcala, Mexico;
| | - Gabriela Medina-Pérez
- ICAP—Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Tulancingo de Bravo 43000, Hidalgo, Mexico; (J.A.H.-M.); (A.Z.-B.); (I.M.-R.); (R.C.-M.)
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He J, Chen W, Chen X, Xie Y, Zhao Y, Tian T, Guo B, Cai X. Tetrahedral framework nucleic acid loaded with glabridin: A transdermal delivery system applicated to anti-hyperpigmentation. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13495. [PMID: 37132449 PMCID: PMC10693180 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Topical application of tyrosinase inhibitors, such as hydroquinone and arbutin, is the most common clinical treatment for hyperpigmentation. Glabridin (Gla) is a natural isoflavone that inhibits tyrosinase activity, free radical scavenging, and antioxidation. However, its water solubility is poor, and it cannot pass through the human skin barrier alone. Tetrahedral framework nucleic acid (tFNA), a new type of DNA biomaterial, can penetrate cells and tissues and can be used as carriers to deliver small-molecule drugs, polypeptides, and oligonucleotides. This study aimed to develop a compound drug system using tFNA as the carrier to transport Gla and deliver it through the skin to treat pigmentation. Furthermore, we aimed to explore whether tFNA-Gla can effectively alleviate the hyperpigmentation caused by increased melanin production and determine whether tFNA-Gla exerts substantial synergistic effects during treatment. Our results showed that the developed system successfully treated pigmentation by inhibiting regulatory proteins related to melanin production. Furthermore, our findings showed that the system was effective in treating epidermal and superficial dermal diseases. The tFNA-based transdermal drug delivery system can thus develop into novel, effective options for non-invasive drug delivery through the skin barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Wen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xingyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yuxuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Taoran Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Bin Guo
- Department of StomatologyFirst Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoxiao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
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Gaweł-Bęben K, Czech K, Luca SV. Cannabidiol and Minor Phytocannabinoids: A Preliminary Study to Assess Their Anti-Melanoma, Anti-Melanogenic, and Anti-Tyrosinase Properties. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050648. [PMID: 37242431 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is an increased interest from both scientists and consumers in the application of cannabis/hemp/phytocannabinoids in skin-related disorders. However, most previous investigations assessed the pharmacological properties of hemp extracts, cannabidiol (CBD), or tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), with very few studies focusing on minor phytocannabinoids from hemp. In this context, the current work explored the in vitro anti-melanoma, anti-melanogenic, and anti-tyrosinase effects of cannabidiol (CBD) and three minor phytocannabinoids, namely cannabigerol (CBG), cannabinol (CBN), and cannabichromene (CBC). Among the tested human malignant melanoma cells (A375, SH4, and G361), only A375 cells were highly susceptible to the 48 h treatment with the four phytocannabinoids (IC50 values between 12.02 and 25.13 μg/mL). When melanogenesis was induced in murine melanoma B16F10 cells by α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (αMSH), CBD, CBG, and CBN significantly decreased the extracellular (29.76-45.14% of αMSH+ cells) and intracellular (60.59-67.87% of αMSH+ cells) melanin content at 5 μg/mL. Lastly, CBN (50-200 μg/mL) inhibited both mushroom and murine tyrosinase, whereas CBG (50-200 μg/mL) and CBC (100-200 μg/mL) down-regulated only the mushroom tyrosinase activity; in contrast, CBD was practically inactive. The current data show that tyrosinase inhibition might not be responsible for reducing the melanin biosynthesis in α-MSH-treated B16F10 cells. By evaluating for the first time the preliminary anti-melanoma, anti-melanogenic, and anti-tyrosinase properties of CBN and CBC and confirming similar effects for CBD and CBG, this study can expand the utilization of CBD and, in particular, of minor phytocannabinoids to novel cosmeceutical products for skin care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Gaweł-Bęben
- Department of Cosmetology, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, 35-225 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Karolina Czech
- Department of Cosmetology, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, 35-225 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
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