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Tomohara K, Kusaba S, Masui M, Uchida T, Nambu H, Nose T. Ammonium carboxylates in the ammonia-Ugi reaction: one-pot synthesis of α,α-disubstituted amino acid derivatives including unnatural dipeptides. Org Biomol Chem 2024. [PMID: 39118586 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00924j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Despite the remarkable developments of the Ugi reaction and its variants, the use of ammonia in the Ugi reaction has long been recognized as impractical and unsuccessful. Indeed, the ammonia-Ugi reaction often requires harsh reaction conditions, such as heating and microwave irradiation, and competes with the Passerini reaction, thereby resulting in low yields. This study describes a robust and practical ammonia-Ugi reaction protocol. Using originally prepared ammonium carboxylates in trifluoroethanol, the ammonia-Ugi reaction proceeded at room temperature in high yields and showed a broad substrate scope, thus synthesizing a variety of α,α-disubstituted amino acid derivatives, including unnatural dipeptides. The reaction required no condensing agents and proceeded without racemization of the chiral stereocenter of α-amino acids. Furthermore, using this protocol, we quickly synthesized a novel dipeptide, D-Leu-Aic-NH-CH2Ph(p-F), which exhibited a potent inhibitory activity against α-chymotrypsin with a Ki value of 0.091 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Tomohara
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- Faculty and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 1 Misasagishichono-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan.
| | - Satoru Kusaba
- Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Mana Masui
- Faculty and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 1 Misasagishichono-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Uchida
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hisanori Nambu
- Faculty and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 1 Misasagishichono-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan.
| | - Takeru Nose
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
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2
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Niu J, Wang Y, Yan S, Zhang Y, Ma X, Zhang Q, Zhang W. One-pot Ugi-azide and Heck reactions for the synthesis of heterocyclic systems containing tetrazole and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:912-920. [PMID: 38711586 PMCID: PMC11070971 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
A new method for the synthesis of heterocyclic systems containing tetrazole and tetrahydroisoquinoline is developed via the performance of one-pot Ugi-azide and Heck cyclization reactions. The integration of the multicomponent and post-condensation reactions in one-pot maximizes the pot-, atom-, and step-economy (PASE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Niu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Shenghu Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Xiaoming Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Green Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA 02125, USA
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3
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Wamser R, Zhang X, Kuropka B, Arkona C, Rademann J. Protein-Templated Ugi Reactions versus In-Situ Ligation Screening: Two Roads to the Identification of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303940. [PMID: 38246870 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Protein-templated fragment ligation was established as a method for the rapid identification of high affinity ligands, and multicomponent reactions (MCR) such as the Ugi four-component reaction (Ugi 4CR) have been efficient in the synthesis of drug candidates. Thus, the combination of both strategies should provide a powerful approach to drug discovery. Here, we investigate protein-templated Ugi 4CR quantitatively using a fluorescence-based enzyme assay, HPLC-QTOF mass spectrometry (MS), and native protein MS with SARS-CoV-2 main protease as template. Ugi reactions were analyzed in aqueous buffer at varying pH and fragment concentration. Potent inhibitors of the protease were formed in presence of the protein via Ugi 4CR together with Ugi three-component reaction (Ugi 3CR) products. Binding of inhibitors to the protease was confirmed by native MS and resulted in the dimerization of the protein target. Formation of Ugi products was, however, more efficient in the non-templated reaction, apparently due to interactions of the protein with the isocyanide and imine fragments. Consequently, in-situ ligation screening of Ugi 4CR products was identified as a superior approach to the discovery of SARS-CoV-2 protease inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekka Wamser
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str.2+4, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xinting Zhang
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str.2+4, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benno Kuropka
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Arkona
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str.2+4, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Rademann
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str.2+4, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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4
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Li J, Zheng Q, Dömling A. Exploring Phthalimide as the Acid Component in the Passerini Reaction. Org Lett 2024; 26:829-833. [PMID: 38227542 PMCID: PMC10845143 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Multicomponent reactions, particularly the Passerini reaction, serve as efficient tools for the synthesis of druglike molecules and the creation of compound libraries. Despite the effectiveness of the Passerini reaction, the limited alternatives to the crucial carboxylic acid component pose a structural constraint. Here, we have discovered that the phthalimide moiety and its derivatives react in the Passerini reaction as an acid component. We explored their potential in synthesizing diverse and intricate molecules. The phthalimide moiety stands out as a favorable building block due to its oxidative stability, heat-stable characteristics, and resistance to solvents. Our approach introduces a novel perspective to multicomponent reactions by incorporating NH-based acid components, addressing the ongoing need for the development of innovative molecular scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyao Li
- University
of Groningen, Department of Drug
Design, A. Deusinglaan
1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Qiang Zheng
- University
of Groningen, Department of Drug
Design, A. Deusinglaan
1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Dömling
- University
of Groningen, Department of Drug
Design, A. Deusinglaan
1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Institute
of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry
and Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University in Olomouc, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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5
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Larghi EL, Bracca ABJ, Simonetti SO, Kaufman TS. Recent developments in the total synthesis of natural products using the Ugi multicomponent reactions as the key strategy. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:429-465. [PMID: 38126459 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01837g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The total syntheses of selected natural products using different versions of the Ugi multicomponent reaction is reviewed on a case-by-case basis. The revision covers the period 2008-2023 and includes detailed descriptions of the synthetic sequences, the use of state-of-the-art chemical reagents and strategies, as well as the advantages and limitations of the transformation and some remedial solutions. Relevant data on the isolation and bioactivity of the different natural targets are also briefly provided. The examples clearly evidence the strategic importance of this transformation and its key role in the modern natural products synthetic chemistry toolbox. This methodology proved to be a valuable means for easily building molecular complexity and efficiently delivering step-economic syntheses even of intricate structures, with a promising future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique L Larghi
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas - Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531 (2000), Rosario, Argentina.
| | - Andrea B J Bracca
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas - Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531 (2000), Rosario, Argentina.
| | - Sebastián O Simonetti
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas - Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531 (2000), Rosario, Argentina.
| | - Teodoro S Kaufman
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas - Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531 (2000), Rosario, Argentina.
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