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Cao S, Sun T, Peng Y, Yu X, Li Q, Meng FL, Yang F, Wang H, Xie Y, Hou CC, Xu Q. Simultaneously Producing H 2 and H 2O 2 by Photocatalytic Water Splitting: Recent Progress and Future. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2404285. [PMID: 39073246 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202404285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The solar-driven overall water splitting (2H2O→2H2 + O2) is considered as one of the most promising strategies for reducing carbon emissions and meeting energy demands. However, due to the sluggish performance and high H2 cost, there is still a big gap for the current photocatalytic systems to meet the requirements for practical sustainable H2 production. Economic feasibility can be attained through simultaneously generating products of greater value than O2, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 2H2O→H2 + H2O2). Compared with overall water splitting, this approach is more kinetically feasible and generates more high-value products of H2 and H2O2. In several years, there has been an increasing surge in exploring the possibility and substantial progress has been achieved. In this review, a concise overview of the importance and underlying principles of PIWS is first provided. Next, the reported typical photocatalysts for PIWS are discussed, including commonly used semiconductors and cocatalysts, essential design features of these photocatalysts, and connections between their structures and activities, as well as the selected approaches for enhancing their stability. Then, the techniques used to quantify H2O2 and the operando characterization techniques that can be employed to gain a thorough understanding of the reaction mechanisms are summarized. Finally, the current existing challenges and the direction needing improvement are presented. This review aims to provide a thorough summary of the most recent research developments in PIWS and sets the stage for future advancements and discoveries in this emerging area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Sustainable Energy and Resources, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Tong Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Sustainable Energy and Resources, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Yong Peng
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Xianghui Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Sustainable Energy and Resources, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Qinzhu Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Sustainable Energy and Resources, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Fan Lu Meng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, China
| | - Han Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, China
| | - Yunhui Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, China
| | - Chun-Chao Hou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano-Porous Functional Materials (SKLPM), SUSTech-Kyoto University Advanced Energy Materials Joint Innovation Laboratory (SKAEM-JIL), Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy and Sustainable Development of Guangdong, Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Shee NK, Lee GS, Kim HJ. Sn(IV)porphyrin-Incorporated TiO 2 Nanotubes for Visible Light-Active Photocatalysis. Molecules 2024; 29:1612. [PMID: 38611891 PMCID: PMC11013583 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, two distinct photocatalysts, namely tin(IV)porphyrin-sensitized titanium dioxide nanotubes (SnP-TNTs) and titanium dioxide nanofibers (TNFs), were synthesized and characterized using various spectroscopic techniques. SnP-TNTs were formed through the hydrothermal reaction of NaOH with TiO2 (P-25) nanospheres in the presence of Sn(IV)porphyrin (SnP), resulting in a transformation into Sn(IV)porphyrin-imbedded nanotubes. In contrast, under similar reaction conditions but in the absence of SnP, TiO2 (P-25) nanospheres evolved into nanofibers (TNFs). Comparative analysis revealed that SnP-TNTs exhibited a remarkable enhancement in the visible light photodegradation of model pollutants compared to SnP, TiO2 (P-25), or TNFs. The superior photodegradation activity of SnP-TNTs was primarily attributed to synergistic effects between TiO2 (P-25) and SnP, leading to altered conformational frameworks, increased surface area, enhanced thermo-chemical stability, unique morphology, and outstanding visible light photodegradation of cationic methylene blue dye (MB dye). With a rapid removal rate of 95% within 100 min (rate constant = 0.0277 min-1), SnP-TNTs demonstrated excellent dye degradation capacity, high reusability, and low catalyst loading, positioning them as more efficient than conventional catalysts. This report introduces a novel direction for porphyrin-incorporated catalytic systems, holding significance for future applications in environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hee-Joon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea
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Jian H, Lu M, Zheng H, Yan S, Wang M. Electrochemical Water Oxidation and CO 2 Reduction with a Nickel Molecular Catalyst. Molecules 2024; 29:578. [PMID: 38338323 PMCID: PMC10856054 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Mimicking the photosynthesis of green plants to combine water oxidation with CO2 reduction is of great significance for solving energy and environmental crises. In this context, a trinuclear nickel complex, [NiII3(paoH)6(PhPO3)2]·2ClO4 (1), with a novel structure has been constructed with PhPO32- (phenylphosphonate) and paoH (2-pyridine formaldehyde oxime) ligands and possesses a reflection symmetry with a mirror plane revealed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Bulk electrocatalysis demonstrates that complex 1 can homogeneously catalyze water oxidation and CO2 reduction simultaneously. It can catalyze water oxidation at a near-neutral condition of pH = 7.45 with a high TOF of 12.2 s-1, and the Faraday efficiency is as high as 95%. Meanwhile, it also exhibits high electrocatalytic activity for CO2 reduction towards CO with a TOF of 7.84 s-1 in DMF solution. The excellent electrocatalytic performance of the water oxidation and CO2 reduction of complex 1 could be attributed to the two unique µ3-PhPO32- bridges as the crucial factor for stabilizing the trinuclear molecule as well as the proton transformation during the catalytic process, while the oxime groups modulate the electronic structure of the metal centers via π back-bonding. Therefore, apart from the cooperation effect of the three Ni centers for catalysis, simultaneously, the two kinds of ligands in complex 1 can also synergistically coordinate the central metal, thereby significantly promoting its catalytic performance. Complex 1 represents the first nickel molecular electrocatalyst for both water oxidation and CO2 reduction. The findings in this work open an avenue for designing efficient molecular electrocatalysts with peculiar ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for New Energy Materials & Low Carbon Technologies, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China; (H.J.); (M.L.); (H.Z.); (S.Y.)
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Kuttassery F, Ohsaki Y, Thomas A, Kamata R, Ebato Y, Kumagai H, Nakazato R, Sebastian A, Mathew S, Tachibana H, Ishitani O, Inoue H. A Molecular Z-Scheme Artificial Photosynthetic System Under the Bias-Free Condition for CO 2 Reduction Coupled with Two-electron Water Oxidation: Photocatalytic Production of CO/HCOOH and H 2 O 2. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308956. [PMID: 37493175 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Bio-inspired molecular-engineered systems have been extensively investigated for the half-reactions of H2 O oxidation or CO2 reduction with sacrificial electron donors/acceptors. However, there has yet to be reported a device for dye-sensitized molecular photoanodes coupled with molecular photocathodes in an aqueous solution without the use of sacrificial reagents. Herein, we will report the integration of SnIV - or AlIII -tetrapyridylporphyrin (SnTPyP or AlTPyP) decorated tin oxide particles (SnTPyP/SnO2 or AlTPyP/SnO2 ) photoanode with the dye-sensitized molecular photocathode on nickel oxide particles containing [Ru(diimine)3 ]2+ as the light-harvesting unit and [Ru(diimine)(CO)2 Cl2 ] as the catalyst unit covalently connected and fixed within poly-pyrrole layer (RuCAT-RuC2 -PolyPyr-PRu/NiO). The simultaneous irradiation of the two photoelectrodes with visible light resulted in H2 O2 on the anode and CO, HCOOH, and H2 on the cathode with high Faradaic efficiencies in purely aqueous conditions without any applied bias is the first example of artificial photosynthesis with only two-electron redox reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yutaka Ohsaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Arun Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, St. Stephen's College, Uzhavoor, Kerala, 686634, India
| | - Ryutaro Kamata
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-1 O-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yosuke Ebato
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-1 O-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Hiromu Kumagai
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Nakazato
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Abin Sebastian
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Siby Mathew
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tachibana
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-1 O-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Haruo Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
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