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Malik AN, Ali A, Ashfaq M, Tahir MN, Alam MM, Mostafa MS, Kuznetsov A. A synthetic approach towards drug modification: 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde based imine-zwitterion preparation, single-crystal study, Hirshfeld surface analysis, and computational investigation. RSC Adv 2024; 14:6476-6493. [PMID: 38390507 PMCID: PMC10879849 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08727a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The current work is about the modification of primary amine functionalized drugs, pyrimethamine and 4-amino-N-(2,3-dihydrothiazol-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide, via condensation reaction with 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde to produce new organic zwitterionic compounds (E)-1-(((4-(N-(2,3-dihydrothiazol-2-yl)sulfamoyl)phenyl)iminio)methyl)naphthalen-2-olate (DSPIN) and (E)-1-(((4-amino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-ethylpyrimidin-2-yl)iminio)methyl)naphthalen-2-olate (ACPIN) in methanol as a solvent. The crystal structures of both compounds were confirmed to be imine-based zwitterionic products via single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) analysis which indicated that the stabilization of both crystalline compounds is achieved via various noncovalent interactions. The supramolecular assembly in terms of noncovalent interactions was explored by the Hirshfeld surface analysis. Void analysis was carried out to predict the crystal mechanical response. Compound geometries calculated in the DFT (Density Functional Theory) study showed reasonably good agreement with the experimentally determined structural parameters. Frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis showed that the DSPIN HOMO/LUMO gap is by 0.15 eV smaller than the ACPIN HOMO/LUMO gap due to some destabilization of the DSPIN HOMO and some stabilization of its LUMO. The results of the charge analysis implied formation of intramolecular hydrogen bonds and suggested formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonding and dipole-dipole and dispersion interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akbar Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad 38000-Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashfaq
- Department of Physics, University of Sargodha Sargodha 40100 Pakistan
| | | | - Mohammad Mahtab Alam
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University Abha 61421 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Mostafa
- Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science, Jazan University P.O. Box 114 Jazan 45142 Saudi Arabia
| | - Aleksey Kuznetsov
- Departamento de Química, Campus Santiago Vitacura, Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa María Av. Santa María 6400 Vitacura 7660251 Chile
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Riaz M, Ali A, Ashfaq M, Ibrahim M, Akram N, Tahir MN, Kuznetsov A, Rodríguez L, Sameeh MY, Assiri MA, Torre AFDL. Polymorphs of Substituted p-Toluenesulfonanilide: Synthesis, Single-Crystal Analysis, Hirshfeld Surface Exploration, and Theoretical Investigation. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:35307-35320. [PMID: 37779999 PMCID: PMC10536877 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphism is an exciting feature of chemical systems where a compound can exist in different crystal forms. The present investigation is focused on the two polymorphic forms, triclinic (MSBT) and monoclinic (MSBM), of ethyl 3-iodo-4-((4-methylphenyl)sulfonamido)benzoate prepared from ethyl 4-amino-3-iodobenzoate. The prepared polymorphs were unambiguously confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) analysis. According to the SC-XRD results, the molecular configurations of both structures are stabilized by intramolecular N-H···I and C-H···O bonding. The crystal packing of MSBT is different as compared to the crystal packing of MSBM because MSBT is crystallized in the triclinic crystal system with the space group P1̅, whereas MSBM is crystallized in the monoclinic crystal system with the space group P21/c. The molecules of MSBT are interlinked in the form of dimers through N-H···O bonding to form R22(8) loops, while the MSBM molecules are connected with each other in the form of an infinite chain through C-H···O bonding. The crystal packing of both compounds is further stabilized by off-set π···π stacking interactions between phenyl rings, which is found stronger in MSBM as compared to in MSBT. Moreover, Hirshfeld surface exploration of the polymorphs was carried out, and the results were compared with the closely related literature structure. Accordingly, the supramolecular assembly of these polymorphs is mainly stabilized by noncovalent interactions or intermolecular interactions. Furthermore, a density functional theory (DFT) study was also carried out, which provided good support for the SC-XRD and Hirshfeld studies, suggesting the formation of both intramolecular and intermolecular interactions for both compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehreen Riaz
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Government College
University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Akbar Ali
- Department
of Chemistry, Government College University
Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashfaq
- Department
of Physics, University of Sargodha, 40100 Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Government College
University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Akram
- Department
of Chemistry, Government College University
Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Aleksey Kuznetsov
- Departamento
de Química, Campus Santiago Vitacura, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Vitacura 7660251, Chile
| | - Lyanne Rodríguez
- Department
of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Thrombosis Research
Center, Medical Technology School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Manal Y. Sameeh
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Al-Leith University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24831, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Assiri
- Research
center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61514, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid
University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
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