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Fatullayeva SS, Tagiyev DB, Zeynalov NA, Raucci MG, Amendola E, d'Ayala GG, Guliyev AD, Tagiyev S, Marcedula MR, Demitri C, Guliyeva AR, Suleymanova RH. Synthesis and characterization of modified chitosan as a promising material for enterosorption of heavy metal ions. Carbohydr Res 2024; 545:109255. [PMID: 39236346 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Currently, an important ecological problem is environmental pollution and its negative impact on living organisms, the consequences of which are deterioration in general health and the manifestation of various diseases, poisoning, endo- and exotoxicosis. Enterosorption method was proposed as a promising method for removing toxic substances from the living organisms using enterosorbents which can absorb various toxic substances of endogenous and exogenous nature in the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract. It has been proposed to use polymer-containing enterosorbents for eliminating of heavy metals from the organism. The purpose of this research was to synthesize a quaternized derivative of chitosan, specifically N-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyl chitosan chloride (Q-CHS). The synthesis of Q-CHS involved the formation of a Schiff base, followed by the quaternization of the amino group of chitosan (CHS). The structures of both pure CHS and quaternized CHS were studied using various physico-chemical methods, including FTIR, NMR, XRD, SEM, DSC and TGA analyses in order to determine the structure and confirm the formation of the final product.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Fatullayeva
- Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry Institute Named After Academician M. Nagiyev of Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, 1143, Azerbaijan.
| | - D B Tagiyev
- Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry Institute Named After Academician M. Nagiyev of Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, 1143, Azerbaijan
| | - N A Zeynalov
- Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry Institute Named After Academician M. Nagiyev of Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, 1143, Azerbaijan
| | - M G Raucci
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials of the National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Naples, 80125, Italy
| | - E Amendola
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials of the National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Naples, 80125, Italy
| | - G Gomez d'Ayala
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials of the National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Naples, 80125, Italy
| | - A D Guliyev
- Institute of Petrochemical Processes Named After Academician Y. Mamedaliyev of Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, 1025, Azerbaijan
| | - ShD Tagiyev
- Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, 1022, Azerbaijan
| | - M R Marcedula
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials of the National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Naples, 80125, Italy
| | - C Demitri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Salento, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - A R Guliyeva
- Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry Institute Named After Academician M. Nagiyev of Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, 1143, Azerbaijan
| | - R H Suleymanova
- Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry Institute Named After Academician M. Nagiyev of Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, 1143, Azerbaijan
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Silva EC, Pina J, Pereira RFP, Murtinho D, Valente AJM, Fajardo AR. Synthesis and characterization of fluorescent poly(α-cyclodextrin)/carbon quantum dots composite for efficient removal and detection of toluene and xylene from aqueous media. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 347:123778. [PMID: 38499171 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
This study reports the synthesis and characterization of a supramolecular composite comprised of carbon dots (CDots) embedded within net-poly[(α-cyclodextrin)-ν-(citric acid)] (α-CD/CA/CDots) for the removal and detection of toluene and xylene from aqueous media. The remarkable stability of CDots within the composite enables the preservation of photoluminescence properties for prolonged storage and extended UV-light irradiation. As demonstrated, following the adsorption of both organic compounds, the composite detected them in the aqueous medium due to a fluorescence quenching mechanism. Spectroscopic analyses reveal that the accessible Stern-Volmer quenching constants for toluene and xylene are KSVa = 15.4 M-1 and KSVa = 10.3 M-1, respectively. As a result, the α-CD/CA/CDots composite were sensitive to the tested volatile organic compounds (LODtoluene = 3.7 mg/L and LODxylene = 4.9 mg/L). Optimal conditions for toluene and xylene adsorption were found, allowing to achieve noticeable adsorption capabilities (qe(toluene) = 68.9 and qe(xylene) = 48.2 mg/g) and removal efficiencies exceeding 70%. Different characterization techniques confirmed the successful synthesis of the composite and elucidated the interaction mechanisms between the adsorbent and the tested compounds. In summary, the multifunctionality demonstrated by the α-CD/CA/CDots composite ranks it as an efficient and promising adsorbent and detection probe for this class of water contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilly C Silva
- Laboratório de Tecnologia e Desenvolvimento de Compósitos e Materiais Poliméricos (LaCoPol), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil; University of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Pina
- University of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui F P Pereira
- Chemistry Center and Chemistry Department, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Dina Murtinho
- University of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Artur J M Valente
- University of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - André R Fajardo
- Laboratório de Tecnologia e Desenvolvimento de Compósitos e Materiais Poliméricos (LaCoPol), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Vareda JP, Matias PMC, Paixão JA, Murtinho D, Valente AJM, Durães L. Chitosan-Silica Composite Aerogel for the Adsorption of Cupric Ions. Gels 2024; 10:192. [PMID: 38534610 DOI: 10.3390/gels10030192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A chitosan-silica hybrid aerogel was synthesized and presented as a potential adsorbent for the purification of cupric ion-contaminated media. The combination of the organic polymer (chitosan), which can be obtained from fishery wastes, with silica produced a mostly macroporous material with an average pore diameter of 33 µm. The obtained aerogel was extremely light (56 kg m-3), porous (96% porosity, 17 cm3 g-1 pore volume), and presented a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area (SBET) of 2.05 m2 g-1. The effects of solution pH, aerogel and Cu(II) concentration, contact time, and counterion on cupric removal with the aerogel were studied. Results showed that the initial pH of the cation-containing aqueous solution had very little influence on the removal performance of this aerogel. According to Langmuir isotherm, this material can remove a maximum amount of ca. 40 mg of cupric ions per gram and the kinetic data showed that the surface reaction was the rate-limiting step and equilibrium was quickly reached (in less than one hour). Thus, the approach developed in this study enabled the recovery of waste for the preparation of a novel material, which can be efficiently reused in a new application, namely water remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- João P Vareda
- University of Coimbra, CERES, Department of Chemical Engineering, Rua Silvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro M C Matias
- University of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José A Paixão
- University of Coimbra, CFisUC, Department of Physics, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Dina Murtinho
- University of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Artur J M Valente
- University of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luisa Durães
- University of Coimbra, CERES, Department of Chemical Engineering, Rua Silvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
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Miron A, Iordache TV, Valente AJM, Durães LMR, Sarbu A, Ivan GR, Zaharia A, Sandu T, Iovu H, Chiriac AL. Chitosan-Based Beads Incorporating Inorganic-Organic Composites for Copper Ion Retention in Aqueous Solutions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2411. [PMID: 38397088 PMCID: PMC10889537 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a challenging interest in developing low-cost biopolymeric materials for wastewater treatment. In the present work, new adsorbents, based on different types of chitosan (commercial, commercial chitin-derived chitosan and chitosan synthesized from shrimp shell waste) and inorganic-organic composites have been evaluated for copper ions removal. The efficacy of the synthesis of chitosan-based composite beads has been determined by studying various characteristics using several techniques, including FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, porosimetry (N2 adsorption), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Adsorption kinetics was performed using different adsorption models to determine the adsorption behavior of the materials in the aqueous media. For all composite beads, regardless of the type of chitosan used, good capacity to remove copper ions from simulated waters was observed (up to 17 mg/g), which proves that the new materials hold potential for heavy metal retention. However, the adsorption efficiency was influenced by the type of chitosan used. Thus, for the series where commercial chitosan (CC) was used, the removal efficiency was approximately 29%; for the series with chitosan obtained from commercial chitin (SC), the removal efficiency was approximately 34%; for the series with chitosan enriched with CaCO3 (SH), the removal efficiency was approximately 52%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Miron
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 6th District, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.); (T.-V.I.); (A.S.); (G.R.I.); (A.Z.); (T.S.)
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Tanta-Verona Iordache
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 6th District, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.); (T.-V.I.); (A.S.); (G.R.I.); (A.Z.); (T.S.)
| | - Artur J. M. Valente
- CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Luisa Maria Rocha Durães
- CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Andrei Sarbu
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 6th District, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.); (T.-V.I.); (A.S.); (G.R.I.); (A.Z.); (T.S.)
| | - Georgeta Ramona Ivan
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 6th District, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.); (T.-V.I.); (A.S.); (G.R.I.); (A.Z.); (T.S.)
| | - Anamaria Zaharia
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 6th District, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.); (T.-V.I.); (A.S.); (G.R.I.); (A.Z.); (T.S.)
| | - Teodor Sandu
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 6th District, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.); (T.-V.I.); (A.S.); (G.R.I.); (A.Z.); (T.S.)
| | - Horia Iovu
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Anita-Laura Chiriac
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 6th District, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.); (T.-V.I.); (A.S.); (G.R.I.); (A.Z.); (T.S.)
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Soares VR, Silva EC, Gomes CG, Vieira MA, Fajardo AR. Fluorescent composite beads: An advanced tool for environmental monitoring and harmful pollutants removal from water. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:140911. [PMID: 38145844 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The quality and safety of water sources have been significantly impacted by various pollutants, including trace elements. To address this concern, this study utilized composite beads made of alginate and carbon quantum dots (CDs) for detecting and removing As(III) and Se(IV) ions in tap water. Fluorescent CDs were hydrothermally synthesized and incorporated into an alginate-Ca2+ matrix through a straightforward procedure. Characterization analyses revealed distinct properties of the composite beads, containing varying amounts of CDs, compared to the pristine beads. Optimal adsorption parameters (30 mg of adsorbent, 10 mg/L of initial pollutant concentration, 35 °C, and 180 min of contact time) for the beads containing 30 w/w-% of CDs (Alg@CDs30) were determined through a fractional factorial design. These composite beads exhibited the highest adsorption capacity for both metals, achieving a removal rate of 94.5% for As(III) and 98.0% for Se(IV) in tap water. Kinetic and isothermal analyses indicated that the adsorption of both metals on Alg@CDs30 involves a combination of chemisorption and diffusion processes. Recycling experiments demonstrated that the composite beads could be reused up to 20 times without a noticeable loss of adsorption efficiency. Regarding the sensing property, our experiments revealed a significant reduction in the fluorescence emission intensity of Alg@CDs30 upon interaction with As(III) and Se(IV), confirming its ability to detect both ions in tap water, with limits of detection (LOD) of 2.6 ± 0.5 μg/L for As(III) and 1.1 ± 0.2 μg/L for Se(IV). The alginate-Ca2+ matrix s contributed to the stability of the CDs' fluorescence. These results confirm the potential of Alg@CDs beads as effective tools for the simultaneous monitoring and removal of hazardous metal ions from real water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victória R Soares
- Laboratório de Tecnologia e Desenvolvimento de Compósitos e Materiais Poliméricos (LaCoPol), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão s/n, 96010-900, Pelotas-RS, Brazil
| | - Emilly C Silva
- Laboratório de Tecnologia e Desenvolvimento de Compósitos e Materiais Poliméricos (LaCoPol), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão s/n, 96010-900, Pelotas-RS, Brazil
| | - Charlie G Gomes
- Laboratório de Metrologia Química (LabMequi), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão s/n, 96010-900, Pelotas-RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana A Vieira
- Laboratório de Metrologia Química (LabMequi), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão s/n, 96010-900, Pelotas-RS, Brazil
| | - André R Fajardo
- Laboratório de Tecnologia e Desenvolvimento de Compósitos e Materiais Poliméricos (LaCoPol), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão s/n, 96010-900, Pelotas-RS, Brazil.
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Silva EC, Gomes CG, Pina J, Pereira RFP, Murtinho D, Fajardo AR, Valente AJM. Carbon quantum dots-containing poly(β-cyclodextrin) for simultaneous removal and detection of metal ions from water. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 323:121464. [PMID: 37940321 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the synthesis and characterization of supramolecular composites composed of poly(β-cyclodextrin-co-citric acid) and carbon quantum dots (QDs). These composites serve a dual purpose as adsorbents and photoluminescent probes for divalent metal ions, including Ni(II), Cu(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II), which can have detrimental effects on the environment. Various characterization techniques were employed to confirm the successful synthesis of the composites and the interaction between cyclodextrins and QDs. By using mathematical tools, optimal conditions for metal adsorption were determined, resulting in the composites exhibiting high adsorption capacities, reaching 220 mg/g, and impressive removal efficiencies exceeding 90 % for Ni(II) and Cu(II). The supramolecular composites also exhibit selective adsorption of metal ions with small ionic radio and can be reused with minimal loss of efficiency. In addition to their adsorption capabilities, these composites display luminescence quenching upon the adsorption of metal ions, which can be utilized for sensing applications. Spectroscopic evaluation reveals Stern-Volmer quenching constants for the accessible fraction of QDs in the range of 3777 to 13,359 M-1. The high stability of QDs on the composites allows for long-term storage. In summary, this original supramolecular composite shows promise for simultaneously monitoring and treating water and wastewater, making it a valuable tool in environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilly C Silva
- Laboratório de Tecnologia e Desenvolvimento de Compósitos e Materiais Poliméricos (LaCoPol), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, 96010-900, Pelotas-RS, Brazil; Chemistry Center and Chemistry Department, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Charlie G Gomes
- Laboratório de Metrologia Química (LabMequi), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, 96010-900, Pelotas-RS, Brazil
| | - João Pina
- University of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui F P Pereira
- Chemistry Center and Chemistry Department, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Dina Murtinho
- University of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - André R Fajardo
- Laboratório de Tecnologia e Desenvolvimento de Compósitos e Materiais Poliméricos (LaCoPol), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, 96010-900, Pelotas-RS, Brazil.
| | - Artur J M Valente
- University of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Zhang M, Liu Y, Yin Z, Feng D, Lv H. Preparation and adsorption properties of magnetic chitosan/sludge biochar composites for removal of Cu 2+ ions. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20937. [PMID: 38017022 PMCID: PMC10684598 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46815-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The magnetic chitosan/sludge biochar composite adsorbent was prepared using chitosan, Fe3O4, and sludge biochar as raw materials. The composite adsorbent was able to achieve rapid solid-liquid separation under an applied magnetic field. The morphology and microstructure of the composite adsorbent were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, VSM, and BET analysis. The adsorption performance of the composite adsorbent on Cu2+ was investigated through static adsorption experiments, and the effects of adsorbent dosage, initial concentration of Cu2+, initial pH of the solution, and adsorption temperature on the adsorption efficiency of Cu2+ were discussed. The results showed that chitosan and Fe3O4 were successfully loaded on sludge biochar. When the initial concentration of Cu2+ was 30 mg/L, the dosage of the magnetic chitosan/sludge biochar composite material was 0.05 g, the adsorption time was 180 min, pH was 5, and the temperature was room temperature, the maximum removal rate of Cu2+ reached 99.77%, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 55.16 mg/g. The adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm data fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, indicating that the adsorption process was chemisorption with monolayer coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pollutant Chemistry and Environmental Treatment, School of Resources and Environment, Yili Normal University, Xinjiang, 835000, Yining, China
| | - Yunqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollutant Chemistry and Environmental Treatment, School of Resources and Environment, Yili Normal University, Xinjiang, 835000, Yining, China.
| | - Zhizhen Yin
- Key Laboratory of Pollutant Chemistry and Environmental Treatment, School of Resources and Environment, Yili Normal University, Xinjiang, 835000, Yining, China.
| | - Dan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pollutant Chemistry and Environmental Treatment, School of Resources and Environment, Yili Normal University, Xinjiang, 835000, Yining, China
| | - Hui Lv
- Key Laboratory of Pollutant Chemistry and Environmental Treatment, School of Resources and Environment, Yili Normal University, Xinjiang, 835000, Yining, China
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