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Savran M, Asci S, Gulle K, Aslankoc R, Asci H, Karakuyu NF, Erzurumlu Y, Kaynak M. Agomelatine ameliorates doxorubicin-induced cortical and hippocampal brain injury via inhibition of TNF-alpha/NF-kB pathway. Toxicol Mech Methods 2024; 34:359-368. [PMID: 38093452 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2023.2291123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Side effects of doxorubicin (DOX) are mainly due to oxidative stress, with the involvement of inflammatory and apoptotic mechanisms. Agomelatine (AGO) is a melatonin receptor agonist with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic features. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of AGO with different doses on DOX-induced neurotoxicity. Rats were divided into four groups as control, DOX (40 mg/kg, intraperitoneal single dose), DOX + AGO20 (20 mg/kg AGO oral gavage for 14 days), and DOX + AGO40 (40 mg/kg AGO oral gavage for 14 days). On day 14, brain tissues were collected for biochemical, histopathological, and genetic examinations. DOX significantly increased malondialdehyde and decreased superoxide dismutase and catalase (CAT) levels. CAT levels were significantly increased only in the DOX + AGO40 group compared to the DOX group (p = 0.040) while other changes in oxidant and antioxidant indicators were insignificant. DOX-induced significant increases in TNF-alpha and NF-κB were reversed following both low and high-dose AGO administration in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.001 for both doses). Cellular shrinkage, pycnotic change, and vacuolization in apoptotic bodies were apparent in the cortical and hippocampal areas of DOX-treated samples. Both doses of AGO alleviated these histopathological changes (p = 0.01 for AGO20 and p = 0.05 for AGO40). Significantly increased apoptosis shown with caspase-3 immunostaining in the DOX group was alleviated following AGO administration, with additional improvement after high-dose treatment (p < 0.01 for DOX compared to both AGO groups and p < 0.05 for AGO40 compared to AGO20). AGO can be protective against DOX-induced neurotoxicity by antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtap Savran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Sanem Asci
- Department of Neurology, Private MEDDEM Hospital, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Kanat Gulle
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Rahime Aslankoc
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Halil Asci
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Nasif Fatih Karakuyu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Yalçın Erzurumlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mine Kaynak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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El-Shetry ES, Ibrahim IA, Kamel AM, Abdelwahab OA. Quercetin mitigates doxorubicin-induced neurodegenerative changes in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats; insights to DNA damage, inflammation, synaptic plasticity. Tissue Cell 2024; 87:102313. [PMID: 38286061 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most effective anti-neoplastic agents. Quercetin (QE) exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. AIM To detect neuroprotective properties of quercetin in rats exposed to doxorubicin-induced brain injury. MATERIAL AND METHODS 48 rats were allocated equally into four groups: control group: (given normal saline), QE group: (given 80 mg/kg of QE orally daily for 2 weeks), Dox group: (received 2.5 mg/kg of Dox every other day for a total of seven intraperitoneal injections), and Dox+QE group: (received 2.5 mg/kg of Dox every other day for a total of seven intraperitoneal injections and 80 mg/kg of QE orally daily for 2 weeks). Subsequently, biochemical analyses were carried out along with histopathological (light and electron microscopic) and immunohistochemical examinations of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. RESULTS The Dox group revealed a decline in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, along with an increase in malondialdehyde and an increase in DNA damage. Furthermore, sections of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus revealed neurodegenerative changes, decreased synaptophysin, and increased Interleukin-1 beta expressions. Biochemical and histopathological results were markedly improved by QE administration. CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that QE induces protective effects against Dox-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman S El-Shetry
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt; Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Amin Ibrahim
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Mahde Kamel
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Ola Ali Abdelwahab
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Dogan Unlu M, Asci S, Asci H, Agirca Tasan S, Ozmen O, Taner R, Demirci S. Lercanidipine ameliorated doxorubicin-induced neuroinflammation and maintained the expressions of choline acetyltransferase via enhancing the levels of PI3K/AKT/HIF1-α expressions. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:300. [PMID: 38349603 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09024-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin (DOX) may cause various neurological side effects in the brain. Lercanidipine (LRD) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential benefits of. METHODS AND RESULTS Lercanidipine in reducing doxorubicin-induced neuroinflammation and maintaining the expressions of choline acetyltransferase. Thirty-two adult Wistar albino female rats were divided into four groups as Control, DOX (20 mg/kg intraperitoneally), DOX + LRD 0.5 (0.5 mg/kg orally), and DOX + LRD2(2 mg/kg orally). Twenty-four hours after the last drug administration (9th day), brain tissues were taken for histopathological, immunohistochemical (choline acetyltransferase [CHAT], interleukin-10 [IL-10], and caspase-3 [Cas-3] staining), biochemical (total antioxidant status [TAS], total oxidant status [TOS], and oxidative stress index [OSI]), and genetic analyzes (PI3K/AKT/HIF1-α and IL-6 gene expressions). Histopathological analyses revealed hyperemia, slight hemorrhage, degeneration, neuronal loss, gliosis in the cerebellum, and neuronal loss in the brain cortex and hippocampus in the DOX group. According to other analyzes, decreased CHAT, PI3K, AKT, HIF1-α and increased IL-6, IL-10, Cas-3 expression were observed in the DOX group. CONCLUSIONS Both LRD doses reversed all these findings, but LRD2 was observed to be more effective. In conclusion, we determined that LRD has potential therapeutic effect by reducing DOX-induced neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in brain tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melike Dogan Unlu
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Sanem Asci
- Department of Neurology, Private Meddem Hospital, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Halil Asci
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Science, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Serife Agirca Tasan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Ozmen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Rumeysa Taner
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Science, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
- Master of Science, Institute of Science, Department of Bioengineering, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Serpil Demirci
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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Alhowail AH. Pioglitazone ameliorates DOX-induced cognitive impairment by mitigating inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in rats. Behav Brain Res 2024; 457:114714. [PMID: 37838244 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is broadly used as a medication for cancer treatment. However, DOX has been connected with chemotherapy-related complications, for instance, cognitive impairment (chemobrain). Chemobrain developed in up to 70% of cancer patients; therapeutic is unavailable. This study investigated the preventive effect of pioglitazone (PIO) on neurotoxicity caused by (DOX) in the hippocampus. Forty rats were separated into four groups; control (normal saline 10 ml/kg), DOX (5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally every 3rd day, equivalent to 20 mg/kg cumulative dose), PIO (2 mg/kg in drinking water), and DOX+PIO (DOX, 5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally every 3rd day concurrently PIO, 2 mg/kg in drinking water) and duration of drug treatment lasted for 14 days. The animals were subjected to contextual fear memory tests to characterize the cognitive impairment following DOX treatment. ELISA assessed hippocampal protein expression related to inflammation, oxidative damage, and apoptosis. DOX-treatment produced significant reduction in freezing duration in contextual fear memory tests, which was reversed by PIO co-administration. DOX increased neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial activity by increasing NF-κB and COX-2 levels, reducing SOD levels, and increasing Bax, caspase-3, and lipid peroxidation. However, DOX did not affect GSH or catalase levels. PIO co-administration reduces NF-κB, COX-2, MDA, Bax, and caspase-3 levels and improves mitochondrial activity and SOD expression. To sum up, DOX therapy accelerates cognitive decline in rats by increasing neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, lipid peroxidation, and apoptosis. PIO is a promising treatment for DOX-induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad H Alhowail
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia.
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Alhowail AH, Aldubayan MA. Doxorubicin impairs cognitive function by upregulating AMPAR and NMDAR subunit expression and increasing neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the brain. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1251917. [PMID: 38099144 PMCID: PMC10720042 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1251917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) is used for various malignancies. However, it also causes cognitive impairment in cancer survivors. In order to determine the mechanisms underlying the acute effects of DOX, we assessed the mRNA and protein expression of glutamate receptors and proteins involved in cognitive function and apoptosis. Methods: Fear-conditioning memory tests were performed in rats after a single intraperitoneal injection of DOX (25 mg/kg) to evaluate short-term memory function. Rat brain samples were collected, and GluA1 mRNA and protein expression; NR2A and NR2B mRNA expression; and COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α, and MDA, Bax, and caspase-3 levels were assessed via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: We observed a decreased number of entries in Y-maze, decreased exploration time to the novel object in the novel object recognition (NOR), and decreased freezing time in the fear-conditioning memory tests in DOX-treated rats relative to those in control rats, demonstrating cognitive impairment. GluA1, NR2B, and NR2A expression and MDA, NF-κB, Bax, COX-2, TNF-α, and caspase-3 levels in the brain were significantly elevated in DOX-treated rats. Conclusion: DOX induced cognitive impairment in the rats via neuronal toxicity by upregulating AMPAR and NMDAR expression and increasing neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad H. Alhowail
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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