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Hassan N, Krieg T, Kopp A, Bach AD, Kröger N. Challenges and Pitfalls of Research Designs Involving Magnesium-Based Biomaterials: An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6242. [PMID: 38892430 PMCID: PMC11172609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Magnesium-based biomaterials hold remarkable promise for various clinical applications, offering advantages such as reduced stress-shielding and enhanced bone strengthening and vascular remodeling compared to traditional materials. However, ensuring the quality of preclinical research is crucial for the development of these implants. To achieve implant success, an understanding of the cellular responses post-implantation, proper model selection, and good study design are crucial. There are several challenges to reaching a safe and effective translation of laboratory findings into clinical practice. The utilization of Mg-based biomedical devices eliminates the need for biomaterial removal surgery post-healing and mitigates adverse effects associated with permanent biomaterial implantation. However, the high corrosion rate of Mg-based implants poses challenges such as unexpected degradation, structural failure, hydrogen evolution, alkalization, and cytotoxicity. The biocompatibility and degradability of materials based on magnesium have been studied by many researchers in vitro; however, evaluations addressing the impact of the material in vivo still need to be improved. Several animal models, including rats, rabbits, dogs, and pigs, have been explored to assess the potential of magnesium-based materials. Moreover, strategies such as alloying and coating have been identified to enhance the degradation rate of magnesium-based materials in vivo to transform these challenges into opportunities. This review aims to explore the utilization of Mg implants across various biomedical applications within cellular (in vitro) and animal (in vivo) models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan Hassan
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science and Experimental Surgery, University of Aachen Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH-Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Thomas Krieg
- Translational Matrix Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Alexander D. Bach
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, St. Antonius Hospital Eschweiler, 52249 Eschweiler, Germany
| | - Nadja Kröger
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science and Experimental Surgery, University of Aachen Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH-Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, St. Antonius Hospital Eschweiler, 52249 Eschweiler, Germany
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Liu Q, Li X, Liu B, Kong J, Wang Q, Gao Z. Using Polymers as Crystal Inhibitors to Prevent the Crystallization of the Rotigotine Patch. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:630. [PMID: 38794291 PMCID: PMC11125195 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to enhance the stability of the Rotigotine (ROT) patch using polymers as crystal inhibitors. Three polymers (Poloxamer 188, Soluplus, TPGS) were selected as crystal inhibitors to formulate ROT patches with varying drug loadings (20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%, w/w). SEM and XRD analysis revealed that the Soluplus and Soluplus-TPGS groups with a high concentration (80%, w/w) of ROT could be stored at room temperature for at least 90 days without crystallization. Moreover, the crystallization nucleation time and growth rate were utilized to assess the ability of Poloxamer 188, Soluplus, and TPGS to hinder the formation of ROT crystals and slow down its crystallization rate. Molecular docking results elucidated the intermolecular forces between ROT and different polymers, revealing their mechanisms for crystal inhibition. The ROT-Soluplus-TPGS combination exhibited the lowest binding free energy (-5.3 kcal/mol), indicating the highest binding stability, thereby effectively reducing crystal precipitation. In vitro skin permeation studies demonstrated that ROT patches containing crystal inhibitors exhibited promising transdermal effects. With increasing ROT concentration, the cumulative drug permeation substantially increased, while the lag time was notably reduced. This study offers novel insights for the development of ROT patches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiantong Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (Q.L.); (X.L.); (B.L.); (J.K.); (Q.W.)
| | - Xing Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (Q.L.); (X.L.); (B.L.); (J.K.); (Q.W.)
| | - Bo Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (Q.L.); (X.L.); (B.L.); (J.K.); (Q.W.)
| | - Jiahao Kong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (Q.L.); (X.L.); (B.L.); (J.K.); (Q.W.)
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (Q.L.); (X.L.); (B.L.); (J.K.); (Q.W.)
| | - Zhigang Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (Q.L.); (X.L.); (B.L.); (J.K.); (Q.W.)
- Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo 315016, China
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Lee MC, Pan CT, Chen WF, Lin MC, Shiue YL. Design, Manufacture, and Characterization of a Critical-Sized Gradient Porosity Dual-Material Tibial Defect Scaffold. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:308. [PMID: 38671730 PMCID: PMC11047886 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11040308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study proposed a composite tibia defect scaffold with radial gradient porosity, utilizing finite element analysis to assess stress in the tibial region with significant critical-sized defects. Simulations for scaffolds with different porosities were conducted, designing an optimal tibia defect scaffold with radial gradient porosity for repairing and replacing critical bone defects. Radial gradient porosity scaffolds resulted in a more uniform stress distribution, reducing titanium alloy stiffness and alleviating stress shielding effects. The scaffold was manufactured using selective laser melting (SLM) technology with stress relief annealing to simplify porous structure fabrication. The study used New Zealand white rabbits' tibia defect sites as simulation parameters, reconstructing the 3D model and implanting the composite scaffold. Finite element analysis in ANSYS-Workbench simulated forces under high-activity conditions, analyzing stress distribution and strain. In the simulation, the titanium alloy scaffold bore a maximum stress of 122.8626 MPa, while the centrally encapsulated HAp material delivered 27.92 MPa. The design demonstrated superior structural strength, thereby reducing stress concentration. The scaffold was manufactured using SLM, and the uniform design method was used to determine a collection of optimum annealing parameters. Nanoindentation and compression tests were used to determine the influence of annealing on the elastic modulus, hardness, and strain energy of the scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chan Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Institute of Advanced Semiconductor Packaging and Testing, College of Semiconductor and Advanced Technology Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Tang Pan
- Institute of Advanced Semiconductor Packaging and Testing, College of Semiconductor and Advanced Technology Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan;
- Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Taiwan Instrument Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Fan Chen
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan;
| | - Meng-Chi Lin
- Department of Surgery, Zuoying Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
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Rajinikanth B S, Rajkumar DSR, K K, Vijayaragavan V. Chitosan-Based Biomaterial in Wound Healing: A Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e55193. [PMID: 38562272 PMCID: PMC10983058 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is an evolving and intricate technique that is vital to the restoration of tissue integrity and function. Over the past few decades, chitosan a biopolymer derived from chitin, became known as an emerging biomaterial in the field of healing wounds due to its distinctive characteristics including biocompatibility, biodegradability, affinity to biomolecules, and wound-healing activity. This natural polymer exhibits excellent healing capabilities by accelerating the development of new skin cells, reducing inflammation, and preventing infections. Due to its distinct biochemical characteristics and innate antibacterial activity, chitosan has been extensively researched as an antibacterial wound dressing. Chronic wounds, such as diabetic ulcers and liver disease, are a growing medical problem. Chitosan-based biomaterials are a promising solution in the domain of wound care. The article analyzes the depth of chitosan-based biomaterials and their impact on wound healing and also the methods to enhance the advantages of chitosan by incorporating bioactive compounds. This literature review is aimed to improve the understanding and knowledge about biomaterials and their use in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suba Rajinikanth B
- Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Sri Lalithambigai Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, IND
| | | | - Keerthika K
- Biotechnology, ACS Advanced Medical Research Institute, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, IND
| | - Vinothini Vijayaragavan
- Biotechnology, ACS Advanced Medical Research Institute, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, IND
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Kurowiak J, Klekiel T, Będziński R. Biodegradable Polymers in Biomedical Applications: A Review-Developments, Perspectives and Future Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16952. [PMID: 38069272 PMCID: PMC10707259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers are materials that, thanks to their remarkable properties, are widely understood to be suitable for use in scientific fields such as tissue engineering and materials engineering. Due to the alarming increase in the number of diagnosed diseases and conditions, polymers are of great interest in biomedical applications especially. The use of biodegradable polymers in biomedicine is constantly expanding. The application of new techniques or the improvement of existing ones makes it possible to produce materials with desired properties, such as mechanical strength, controlled degradation time and rate and antibacterial and antimicrobial properties. In addition, these materials can take virtually unlimited shapes as a result of appropriate design. This is additionally desirable when it is necessary to develop new structures that support or restore the proper functioning of systems in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Romuald Będziński
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Material and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zielona Góra, Licealna 9 Street, 65-417 Zielona Gora, Poland; (J.K.); (T.K.)
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