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Saadh MJ, Mustafa MA, Kumar A, Alamir HTA, Kumar A, Khudair SA, Faisal A, Alubiady MHS, Jalal SS, Shafik SS, Ahmad I, Khry FAF, Abosaoda MK. Stealth Nanocarriers in Cancer Therapy: a Comprehensive Review of Design, Functionality, and Clinical Applications. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:140. [PMID: 38890191 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02843-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has significantly transformed cancer treatment by introducing innovative methods for delivering drugs effectively. This literature review provided an in-depth analysis of the role of nanocarriers in cancer therapy, with a particular focus on the critical concept of the 'stealth effect.' The stealth effect refers to the ability of nanocarriers to evade the immune system and overcome physiological barriers. The review investigated the design and composition of various nanocarriers, such as liposomes, micelles, and inorganic nanoparticles, highlighting the importance of surface modifications and functionalization. The complex interaction between the immune system, opsonization, phagocytosis, and the protein corona was examined to understand the stealth effect. The review carefully evaluated strategies to enhance the stealth effect, including surface coating with polymers, biomimetic camouflage, and targeting ligands. The in vivo behavior of stealth nanocarriers and their impact on pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and toxicity were also systematically examined. Additionally, the review presented clinical applications, case studies of approved nanocarrier-based cancer therapies, and emerging formulations in clinical trials. Future directions and obstacles in the field, such as advancements in nanocarrier engineering, personalized nanomedicine, regulatory considerations, and ethical implications, were discussed in detail. The review concluded by summarizing key findings and emphasizing the transformative potential of stealth nanocarriers in revolutionizing cancer therapy. This review enhanced the comprehension of nanocarrier-based cancer therapies and their potential impact by providing insights into advanced studies, clinical applications, and regulatory considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan.
| | - Mohammed Ahmed Mustafa
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, University of Imam Jaafar AL-Sadiq, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Department of Pharmacy, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Abhishek Kumar
- School of Pharmacy-Adarsh Vijendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shobhit University, Gangoh, 247341, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Pharmacy, Arka Jain University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, 831001, India
| | | | - Ahmed Faisal
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Noor University College, Nineveh, Iraq
| | | | - Sarah Salah Jalal
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Nasiriyah, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Shafik Shaker Shafik
- Experimental Nuclear Radiation Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faeza A F Khry
- Faculty of pharmacy, department of pharmaceutics, Al-Esraa University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Munther Kadhim Abosaoda
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Qadisiyyah, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
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2
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Masmali I, Azeem M, Kamran Jamil M, Ahmad A, Koam ANA. Study of some graph theoretical parameters for the structures of anticancer drugs. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13301. [PMID: 38858455 PMCID: PMC11164942 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64086-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Eigenvalues have great importance in the field of mathematics, and their relevance extends beyond this area to include several other disciplines such as economics, chemistry, and numerous fields. According to our study, eigenvalues are utilized in chemistry to express a chemical compound's numerous physical properties as well as its energy form. It is important to get a comprehensive understanding of the interrelationship underlying mathematics and chemistry. The anti-bonding phase is correlated with positive eigenvalues, whereas the bonding level is connected with negative eigenvalues. Additionally, the non-bonded level corresponds to eigenvalues of zero. This study focuses on the analysis of various structures of anticancer drugs, specifically examining their characteristic polynomials, eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix, matching number and nullity. Consequently, the selected structures of the aforementioned anticancer drugs exhibit stability since they are composed of closed-shell molecules, characterized by a nullity value of zero.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibtisam Masmali
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Jazan University, 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Azeem
- Department of Mathematics, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | | | - Ali Ahmad
- Department of Computer Science, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali N A Koam
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Jazan University, 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Khizar N, Abbas N, Ahmed M, Ahmad M, Mustafa Z, Jehangir M, Mohammed Al-Ahmary K, Hussain A, Bukhari NI, Ali I. Amelioration of tableting properties and dissolution rate of naproxen co-grinded with nicotinamide: preparation and characterization of co-grinded mixture. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38771120 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2024.2358356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND SIGNIFICANCE Reducing the dimensions, when other additives are present, shows potential as a method to improve the dissolution and solubility of biopharmaceutical classification system class II drugs that have poor solubility. In this investigation, the process involved grinding naproxen with nicotinamide with the aim of improving solubility and the rate of dissolution. METHODS Naproxen was subjected to co-milling with urea, dimethylurea, and nicotinamide using a planetary ball mill for a duration of 90 min, maintaining a 1:1 molar ratio for the excipients (screening studies). The co-milled combinations, naproxen in its pure milled form, and a physical mixture were subjected to analysis using X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and solubility assessment. The mixture displaying the highest solubility (naproxen-nicotinamide) was chosen for further investigation, involving testing for intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) after co-milling for both 90 and 480 min. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The co-milled combination, denoted as S-3b and consisting of the most substantial ratio of nicotinamide to naproxen at 1:3, subjected to 480 min of milling, exhibited a remarkable 45-fold increase in solubility and a 9-fold increase in IDR. XRPD analysis of the co-milled samples demonstrated no amorphization, while SEM images portrayed the aggregates of naproxen with nicotinamide. FTIR outcomes negate the presence of any chemical interactions between the components. The co-milled sample exhibiting the highest solubility and IDR was used to create a tablet, which was then subjected to comprehensive evaluation for standard attributes. The results revealed improved compressibility and dissolution properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nosheen Khizar
- University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Abbas
- University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mahmood Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Mustafa
- Department of Physics, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jehangir
- Department of Chemistry, FC College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Amjad Hussain
- University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Ijaz Ali
- Centre for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB), Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally, Kuwait
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4
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Hassanin NM, Ali TE, Assiri MA, Abdel-Kariem SM. Novel carbazolyl-thiazolyl-chromone and carbazolyl-thiazolyl-pyrazole hybrids: synthesis, cytotoxicity evaluation and molecular docking studies. RSC Adv 2024; 14:17245-17260. [PMID: 38808237 PMCID: PMC11132180 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03188a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
A simple synthetic method was performed to design a novel series of polycyclic systems consisting of carbazole-thiazolidinone-chromone hybrids 4a-e and carbazole-thiazolidinone-pyrazole hybrids 5a-e in excellent yields. The methodology depended on the one-pot four-component reaction of 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole, substituted isothiocyanates, ethyl bromoacetate and 6-methyl-3-formylchromone in ethanol under ultrasound waves at 50 °C to give the carbazole-thiazolidinone-chromone hybrids 4a-e. The latter isolated products were treated with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol under ultrasound waves at 50 °C affording the corresponding carbazole-thiazolidinone-pyrazole hybrids 5a-e. Spectral and analytical data confirmed the structures of all the synthesized compounds. The target compounds were screened for their in vitro anticancer activities against HCT116, PC3 and HepG2 cancer cell lines using the standard SRB method. Fortunately, both compounds 5dand5e were the most active against all cancer cell lines compared with doxorubicin and can be promising anticancer agents. Both bioactive products 5band5e were studied by the molecular docking to see how they bind with VEGFR-2 receptor. The results indicated that those compounds exhibited high affinities towards VEGFR-2 and established remarkably similar interactions to those of the powerful VEGFR-2-KDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha M Hassanin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt
| | - Tarik E Ali
- Central Labs, King Khalid University, AlQuraa Abha Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, AlQuraa Abha Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Assiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, AlQuraa Abha Saudi Arabia
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Saboon, Iqbal A, Bibi Y, Afzal T, Sher A, Qayyum A, Akmal M, Almoallim HS, Ansari MJ, Zeng Y. GC-MS based antioxidants characterization in Saussurea heteromalla (D. Don) Hand-Mazz by inhibition of nitric oxide generation in macrophages. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10145. [PMID: 38698070 PMCID: PMC11065987 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60577-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
For centuries, medicinal plants have served as the cornerstone for traditional health care systems and same practice is still prevalent today. In the Himalayan region, Saussurea heteromalla holds a significant place in traditional medicine and is used to address various health issues. Despite its historical use, little exploration has focused on its potential for scavenging free radicals and reducing inflammation. Hence, our current study aims to investigate the free radical scavenging capabilities of S. heteromalla extracts. The n-hexane extract of entire plant revealed promising activity. This extract underwent extensive extraction on a larger scale. Subsequent purification, employing column chromatography, HPLC-DAD techniques, led to the identification of active compounds, confirmed via GC-MS and the NIST database as 1-O-butyl 2-O-octyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate and 2,4-ditert-butylphenol. Assessing the free radical scavenging properties involved utilizing RAW-264.7 macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharides. Notably, the compound 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol exhibited remarkable scavenging abilities, demonstrating over 80% inhibition of Nitric oxide. This study stands as the inaugural report on the isolation of these compounds from S. heteromalla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saboon
- Department of Botany, Women University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Asia Iqbal
- Department of Wildlife and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Ravi Campus, Pattoki, Pakistan
| | - Yamin Bibi
- Department of Botany, Rawalpindi Women University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan.
| | - Tayyiba Afzal
- Institute of Environmental Biology, Department of Plant Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Kozuchowska 5b, PL 51-631, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ahmad Sher
- Institute of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Qayyum
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, Haripur, 22620, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Akmal
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Hesham S Almoallim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, PO Box-60169, 11545, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad (Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University Bareilly), Bareilly, 244001, India
| | - Yawen Zeng
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of the Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming, 650205, China.
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6
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Lagzian A, Askari M, Haeri MS, Sheikhi N, Banihashemi S, Nabi-Afjadi M, Malekzadegan Y. Increased V-ATPase activity can lead to chemo-resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma via autophagy induction: new insights. Med Oncol 2024; 41:108. [PMID: 38592406 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02313-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a cancer type with a high rate of recurrence and a poor prognosis. Tumor chemo-resistance remains an issue for OSCC patients despite the availability of multimodal therapy options, which causes an increase in tumor invasiveness. Vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase), appears to be one of the most significant molecules implicated in MDR in tumors like OSCC. It is primarily responsible for controlling the acidity in the solid tumors' microenvironment, which interferes with the absorption of chemotherapeutic medications. However, the exact cellular and molecular mechanisms V-ATPase plays in OSCC chemo-resistance have not been understood. Uncovering these mechanisms can contribute to combating OSCC chemo-resistance and poor prognosis. Hence, in this review, we suggest that one of these underlying mechanisms is autophagy induced by V-ATPase which can potentially contribute to OSCC chemo-resistance. Finally, specialized autophagy and V-ATPase inhibitors may be beneficial as an approach to reduce drug resistance to anticancer therapies in addition to serving as coadjuvants in antitumor treatments. Also, V-ATPase could be a prognostic factor for OSCC patients. However, in the future, more investigations are required to demonstrate these suggestions and hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmadreza Lagzian
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marziye Askari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Melika Sadat Haeri
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Sheikhi
- Biotechnology Department, Biological Sciences Faculty, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Banihashemi
- Department of Bioscience, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trend University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Yalda Malekzadegan
- Department of Microbiology, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran.
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Zahid LU, Zaib S, Saeed A, Alharbi HY, Aljohani MS, Alharbi O, Rana N, Khan I, Shabir G, Ahmed A, Saleem A, Awwad NS, Ibrahium HA. Synthesis, Glucosidase Inhibition, and In Silico Modeling Analysis of Highly Fluorinated 2-Imino-1,3-thiazolines in Search of Potent Antidiabetic Agents. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:15603-15614. [PMID: 38585118 PMCID: PMC10993276 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
In the present work, 2-imino-1,3-thiazolines featuring highly fluorinated fragments were synthesized through a straightforward cyclization of diversely substituted thioureas with 2-bromo-1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethan-1-one. The target compounds were obtained in good yields, and structures were established by FTIR and 1H- and 13C NMR spectroscopic methods. The in vitro biological assay revealed that all the compounds significantly obstruct the α-glucosidase. Compound 6d (3-fluoro-N-(3-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)thiazol-2(3H)-ylidene)benzamide) showed the highest antidiabetic potential with an IC50 value of 1.47 ± 0.05 μM. In addition, computational analysis revealed the binding energy of -11.1 kcal/mol for 6d which was lower than the positive standard, acarbose (-7.9 kcal/mol). Several intermolecular interactions between the active site residues and 6d highlight the significance of 2-imino-1,3-thiazoline core in attaining the potent efficacy and making these compounds a valuable pharmacophore in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutf ullah Zahid
- Department
of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Zaib
- Department
of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department
of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Hussam Y. Alharbi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah
University, Yanbu 46423, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed S. Aljohani
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah
University, Yanbu 46423, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Alharbi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah
University, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nehal Rana
- Department
of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Imtiaz Khan
- Department
of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K.
| | - Ghulam Shabir
- Department
of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Atteeque Ahmed
- Department
of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Saleem
- Department
of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Nasser S. Awwad
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid
University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala A. Ibrahium
- Biology
Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid
University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Ke Z, Hu X, Liu Y, Shen D, Khan MI, Xiao J. Updated review on analysis of long non-coding RNAs as emerging diagnostic and therapeutic targets in prostate cancers. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 196:104275. [PMID: 38302050 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite advancements, prostate cancers (PCa) pose a significant global health challenge due to delayed diagnosis and therapeutic resistance. This review delves into the complex landscape of prostate cancer, with a focus on long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Also explores the influence of aberrant lncRNAs expression in progressive PCa stages, impacting traits like proliferation, invasion, metastasis and therapeutic resistance. The study elucidates how lncRNAs modulate crucial molecular effectors, including transcription factors and microRNAs, affecting signaling pathways such as androgen receptor signaling. Besides, this manuscript sheds light on novel concepts and mechanisms driving PCa progression through lncRNAs, providing a critical analysis of their impact on the disease's diverse characteristics. Besides, it discusses the potential of lncRNAs as diagnostics and therapeutic targets in PCa. Collectively, this work highlights state of art mechanistic comprehension and rigorous scientific approaches to advance our understanding of PCa and depict innovations in this evolving field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongpan Ke
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 Lujiang Road, Luyang District, Hefei 230001, China; Wannan Medical College, No. 22 Wenchangxi Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Xuechun Hu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 Lujiang Road, Luyang District, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Yixun Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 Lujiang Road, Luyang District, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Deyun Shen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 Lujiang Road, Luyang District, Hefei 230001, China.
| | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 China.
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 Lujiang Road, Luyang District, Hefei 230001, China.
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Hyder A, Ali A, Buledi JA, Memon AA, Iqbal M, Bangalni TH, Solangi AR, Thebo KH, Akhtar J. Nanodiamonds: A Cutting-Edge Approach to Enhancing Biomedical Therapies and Diagnostics in Biosensing. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202400006. [PMID: 38530037 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds (NDs) have garnered attention in the field of nanomedicine due to their unique properties. This review offers a comprehensive overview of NDs synthesis methods, properties, and their uses in biomedical applications. Various synthesis techniques, such as detonation, high-pressure, high-temperature, and chemical vapor deposition, offer distinct advantages in tailoring NDs' size, shape, and surface properties. Surface modification methods further enhance NDs' biocompatibility and enable the attachment of bioactive molecules, expanding their applicability in biological systems. NDs serve as promising nanocarriers for drug delivery, showcasing biocompatibility and the ability to encapsulate therapeutic agents for targeted delivery. Additionally, NDs demonstrate potential in cancer treatment through hyperthermic therapy and vaccine enhancement for improved immune responses. Functionalization of NDs facilitates their utilization in biosensors for sensitive biomolecule detection, aiding in precise diagnostics and rapid detection of infectious diseases. This review underscores the multifaceted role of NDs in advancing biomedical applications. By synthesizing NDs through various methods and modifying their surfaces, researchers can tailor their properties for specific biomedical needs. The ability of NDs to serve as efficient drug delivery vehicles holds promise for targeted therapy, while their applications in hyperthermic therapy and vaccine enhancement offer innovative approaches to cancer treatment and immunization. Furthermore, the integration of NDs into biosensors enhances diagnostic capabilities, enabling rapid and sensitive detection of biomolecules and infectious diseases. Overall, the diverse functionalities of NDs underscore their potential as valuable tools in nanomedicine, paving the way for advancements in healthcare and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hyder
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Akbar Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering (IPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100F190, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jamil A Buledi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Ayaz Ali Memon
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Muzaffar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical and Applied Sciences, The University of Haripur KPK, Haripur, 22620, Pakistan
| | - Talib Hussain Bangalni
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Amber R Solangi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Hussain Thebo
- Institute of Metal Research (IMR), Chinese Academy of Science, 2 Wenhua Rood, Shenyang, China
- Department of Chemistry Mirpur, University of Science and Technology (MUST), 10250 (AJK), Mirpur, Pakistan
| | - Javeed Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry Mirpur, University of Science and Technology (MUST), 10250 (AJK), Mirpur, Pakistan
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10
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Saadh MJ, Shallan MA, Hussein UAR, Mohammed AQ, Al-Shuwaili SJ, Shikara M, Ami AA, Khalil NAMA, Ahmad I, Abbas HH, Elawady A. Advances in microscopy characterization techniques for lipid nanocarriers in drug delivery: a comprehensive review. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03033-7. [PMID: 38459989 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03033-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
This review paper provides an in-depth analysis of the significance of lipid nanocarriers in drug delivery and the crucial role of characterization techniques. It explores various types of lipid nanocarriers and their applications, emphasizing the importance of microscopy-based characterization methods such as light microscopy, confocal microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The paper also delves into sample preparation, quantitative analysis, challenges, and future directions in the field. The review concludes by underlining the pivotal role of microscopy-based characterization in advancing lipid nanocarrier research and drug delivery technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ahmed Ali Ami
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda Hayder Abbas
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Elawady
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq.
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq.
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq.
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11
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Albaqami FF, Sahib AS, Alharthy KM, Altharawi A, Alshahrani MY, Jawad MA, Suliman M, Ahmad I. A phenanthroline-based erbium (III) complex: molecular docking, DNA/BSA -binding and biological evaluation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38174386 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2300130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
With the help of both theoretical as well as experimental research, in vitro binding research with CT-DNA (calf thymus) and BSA (bovine serum albumin) were carefully examined to figure out the chemotherapeutic and pharmacokinetic facets of the Erbium complex, which contains 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen). The binding characteristics and the mechanism of complex's interaction with DNA as well as the protein were determined utilizing fluorescence quenching method. Findings indicated that the complex's interaction with DNA via groove binding into DNA's minor grooves, with their binding constants falling within the 104 M-1 range. Furthermore, thermodynamic characteristics and the fluorescence emission of the tryptophan residues of the protein were obtained through fluorescence quenching studies at different temperatures. According to the results of the binding constants, the protein's interactions with the Er- complex were moderate, demonstrating that the compound may be transported effectively by the protein. Molecular docking results supported that of the experimental research. The HeLa and MCF-7 cancer cell lines, along with the normal human fibroblast cell line, were used in an MTT assay evaluation of the Er-complex cytotoxicity. The Er-complex displayed a selective inhibitory effect on the proliferation of different cancer cells.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal F Albaqami
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, AlKharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ameer S Sahib
- Department of Pharmacy, Al- Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq
| | - Khalid M Alharthy
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, AlKharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Altharawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Y Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abed Jawad
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Iraq
| | - Muath Suliman
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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