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Pellegrino G, Bertacci A, Relics D, Ferri A, Grande F, Felice P. Hygienic maintenance in patients with maxillae atrophy and in oncological patients with maxillary resection rehabilitated with zygomatic implants: A nested monocentric prospective cohort study. Int J Dent Hyg 2024; 22:696-702. [PMID: 37831522 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess peri-implant soft tissues condition, comparing clinical parameters of implants placed in patients with atrophic upper jaws and patients who underwent maxillary resection for oncological reasons. BACKGROUND Zygomatic implants (ZIs) in oncologic patients could be affected by more complications compared to implants placed in atrophic maxillae. The soft tissue condition is an essential requirement for implant success, but few studies have investigated this topic. METHODS A nested monocentric prospective parallel cohort (atrophic vs. oncological patients) study was performed. Clinical visits and professional hygiene sessions were performed every three months, and bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI) and implant mobility were recorded by a blind outcome assessor. RESULTS In total, 77 ZIs placed in 21 patients were evaluated: 54 (70.1%) ZIs were inserted in patients belonging to the atrophic cohort (PAM) and 23 (29.9%) ZIs in the oncologic cohort (OP). The probability of having BOP at the considered mean follow-up (27 months) was 24.8% (95% CI 19.0-31.9) for PAM and 22.9% (95% CI 15.1-33.9) OP. The mean PPD values were 2.78 ± 1.28 (range 1-8) in PAM and 2.91 ± 1.98 (range 0-10) in OP. None of the implants showed mobility. No associations between group belongingness and the entity of PPD, PI, GI and the risk of BOP were found, adjusting for the considered confounding factors (age, smoking and implant position). CONCLUSIONS Under a strict supportive hygiene therapy protocol ZIs in oncologic patients showed similar peri-implant tissue conditions to that of patients with maxillary atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Pellegrino
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DiBiNeM), School of Dentistry, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Angelica Bertacci
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DiBiNeM), School of Dentistry, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniela Relics
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Agnese Ferri
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DiBiNeM), School of Dentistry, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Grande
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pietro Felice
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DiBiNeM), School of Dentistry, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Fan S, Sáenz-Ravello G, Diaz L, Wu Y, Davó R, Wang F, Magic M, Al-Nawas B, Kämmerer PW. The Accuracy of Zygomatic Implant Placement Assisted by Dynamic Computer-Aided Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5418. [PMID: 37629460 PMCID: PMC10455221 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The present systematic review aimed to investigate the accuracy of zygomatic implant (ZI) placement using dynamic computer-aided surgery (d-CAIS), static computer-aided surgery (s-CAIS), and a free-hand approach in patients with severe atrophic edentulous maxilla and/or deficient maxilla. METHODS Electronic and manual literature searches until May 2023 were performed in the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. Clinical trials and cadaver studies were selected. The primary outcome was planned/placed deviation. Secondary outcomes were to evaluate the survival of ZI and surgical complications. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted and meta-regression was utilized to compare fiducial registration amounts for d-CAIS and the different designs of s-CAIS. RESULTS A total of 14 studies with 511 ZIs were included (Nobel Biocare: 274, Southern Implant: 42, SIN Implant: 16, non-mentioned: 179). The pooled mean ZI deviations from the d-CAIS group were 1.81 mm (95% CI: 1.34-2.29) at the entry point and 2.95 mm (95% CI: 1.66-4.24) at the apex point, and angular deviations were 3.49 degrees (95% CI: 2.04-4.93). The pooled mean ZI deviations from the s-CAIS group were 1.19 mm (95% CI: 0.83-1.54) at the entry point and 1.80 mm (95% CI: 1.10-2.50) at the apex point, and angular deviations were 2.15 degrees (95% CI: 1.43-2.88). The pooled mean ZI deviations from the free-hand group were 2.04 mm (95% CI: 1.69-2.39) at the entry point and 3.23 mm (95% CI: 2.34-4.12) at the apex point, and angular deviations were 4.92 degrees (95% CI: 3.86-5.98). There was strong evidence of differences in the average entry, apex, and angular deviation between the navigation, surgical guide, and free-hand groups (p < 0.01). A significant inverse correlation was observed between the number of fiducial screws and the planned/placed deviation regarding entry, apex, and angular measurements. CONCLUSION Using d-CAIS and modified s-CAIS for ZI surgery has shown clinically acceptable outcomes regarding average entry, apex, and angular deviations. The maximal deviation values were predominantly observed in the conventional s-CAIS. Surgeons should be mindful of potential deviations and complications regardless of the decision making in different guide approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchi Fan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Operations, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Second Dental Clinic, Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Gustavo Sáenz-Ravello
- Center for Epidemiology and Surveillance of Oral Diseases (CESOD), Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380420, Chile
| | - Leonardo Diaz
- Postgraduate School, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380420, Chile
| | - Yiqun Wu
- Second Dental Clinic, Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Rubén Davó
- Department of Implantology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Vithas Davó Instituto Dental, 03016 Alicante, Spain
| | - Feng Wang
- Second Dental Clinic, Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Marko Magic
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bilal Al-Nawas
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Operations, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Peer W. Kämmerer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Operations, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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Olivetto M, Bettoni J, Testelin S, Lefranc M. Zygomatic implant placement using a robot-assisted flapless protocol: proof of concept. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022; 52:710-715. [PMID: 36517307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Robotic assistance can help in physically guiding the drilling trajectory during zygomatic implant positioning. A new robot-assisted strategy for a flapless zygomatic implant placement protocol is reported here. In this protocol, a preoperative computed tomography scan is used to plan the surgical path. After surface registration, the ROSA robot (Zimmer Biomet Robotics) guides several steps, which are performed with shared control. The surgeon performs the drilling and tapping, guided by the robotic arm, which is positioned according to the planned trajectory. Placement of the zygomatic implant is done manually. Immediate intraoperative 3D verification is performed by cone beam computed tomography (flat-panel detector, Medtronic O-arm II). Four zygomatic implants were placed in the case patient according to the flapless protocol, with a mean vector error of 1.78 mm (range 0.52-4.70 mm). A screw-retained temporary prosthesis was placed on the same day. No significant complications were observed. The application of this robot-assisted surgical protocol, which guarantees a very high degree of precision, may reduce inaccuracies in the positioning of zygomatic implants that could deviate from the surgeon's plan. This appears to be a potentially safe flapless surgery technique. Drill slipping on the crest or on the maxillary wall is the main source of error in this procedure, emphasizing the usefulness of the assisted surgical guidance with haptic feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Olivetto
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Centre of Annecy Geneva, Épagny Metz-Tessy, France; Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Amiens-Picardy, University Medical Centre, Amiens, France.
| | - J Bettoni
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Amiens-Picardy, University Medical Centre, Amiens, France
| | - S Testelin
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Amiens-Picardy, University Medical Centre, Amiens, France
| | - M Lefranc
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Amiens-Picardy, University Medical Centre, Amiens, France
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Korn P, Gellrich NC, Spalthoff S, Jehn P, Eckstein F, Lentge F, Zeller AN, Rahlf B. Managing the severely atrophic maxilla: Farewell to zygomatic implants and extensive augmentations? JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2022; 123:562-565. [PMID: 34896647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental rehabilitation of severe atrophic upper jaws remains challenging. A new generation of subperiosteally placed and rigid multi-vector bone-anchored patient-specific implants proposes an innovative line extension in implant dentistry. This single-center retrospective study focused on treating severely atrophic maxillae using these implants. METHODS All patients who were treated with a patient-specific implant (IPS Implant® Preprosthetic, KLS-Martin, Tuttlingen, Germany) at Hannover Medical School due to severe atrophy of the maxilla who had no history of malignancy, cleft lip or palate, or trauma were evaluated regarding implant stability and prosthetic restoration, as well as complications. RESULTS Out of a total of 58 inserted implants, 13 implants in 10 patients, which were placed to treat a severely atrophic upper jaw, were identified. The mean follow-up period was 8.2 months (1-29 months). All implants were clinically stable over the entire period. All patients with an observation period of over 2 months received prosthetics for restoration. Minor complications, screw fractures, infection, and exposure of the framework were observed, but these did not lead to failure. CONCLUSION This initial follow-up suggests that this new generation of implants represents a valuable treatment alternative, especially for patients with a history of failed dental implant placement. Larger numbers of cases and longer observation periods are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Korn
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Nils-Claudius Gellrich
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Simon Spalthoff
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Philipp Jehn
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Fabian Eckstein
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Fritjof Lentge
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander-Nicolai Zeller
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Björn Rahlf
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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Dynamic Navigation System for Immediate Implant Placement in the Maxillary Aesthetic Region. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12115510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: The achievement of an optimal implant position is still a critical consideration in implantology, especially in the aesthetic area. Dynamic navigation is a computer-aided procedure that allows the surgeon to follow on a screen the three-dimensional position of instruments in real time during implant site preparation. The aim of this proof-of-concept study was to assess the clinical and radiographical performance and accuracy of the surgical workflow during maxillary immediate implant placement assisted by DTX studio Implant software planning and X-Guide Navigation. (2) Methods: Twelve consecutive patients requiring at least one implant in the maxillary aesthetic region were treated. Clinical outcome measures were biological complications and implant or prosthetic success rate. The accuracy was measured by calculating the deviation between the real implant position obtained from the postoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan and the planned implant position. (3) Results: The average deviation at the implant shoulder was 0.77 ± 0.25 mm and at the apical point was 1.2 ± 0.61 mm. The depth error was 0.5 ± 0.21 mm. The axis deviation was 2.5 ± 0.41 degrees. No biological complications or implant and prosthetic failures occurred after mean 6-month follow-up. (4) Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it seems that the dynamic navigation system for implant placement in the maxillary aesthetic region is accurate for prosthetically driven implant placement.
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Pellegrino G, Lizio G, Rossi F, Tuci L, Ferraioli L, Stefanelli LV, Di Carlo S, De Angelis F. A 4 mm-Long Implant Rehabilitation in the Posterior Maxilla with Dynamic Navigation Technology: A Case Report after a Three-Years Post-Loading Follow-Up. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189808. [PMID: 34574728 PMCID: PMC8466597 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The use of short (<8 mm long) and ultra-short (<6 mm long) implants allows the prosthetic rehabilitation of the posterior ridges of the jaws avoiding reconstructive procedures. Nevertheless, this approach requires vast experience to ensure the primary stability of the fixture in a correct position. Computer-aided implantology (CAI) achieves better results than the free-hand one in terms of placement accuracy, reducing the surgical risks and the operative timings. Dynamic navigation (DN) allows the surgeon to track the position and movements of the drill in real-time on the CT imaging data set. It is more versatile than the computed static system, enabling the operator to change the guidance coordinates according to the intra-operative feedbacks. A mono-edentulous upper right first molar site was rehabilitated with a four mm-long implant to avoid reconstructive techniques, drastically rejected by the patients. The case was managed within a DN protocol considering the minimal available bone and the prosthetic demands. The phases of this procedure were strictly documented up to a 3-year follow-up. No intra-operative problems occurred, and adequate primary stability of the implant was obtained. The prosthetic loading was carried out within only six weeks without any complications. No variation of the baseline clinical scenario as evidenced clinically and radiographically at the end of follow-up. No similar cases are reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Pellegrino
- Oral Surgery Unit, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via San Vitale 59, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (G.P.); (F.R.); (L.T.); (L.F.)
| | - Giuseppe Lizio
- Oral Surgery Unit, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via San Vitale 59, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (G.P.); (F.R.); (L.T.); (L.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Fabio Rossi
- Oral Surgery Unit, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via San Vitale 59, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (G.P.); (F.R.); (L.T.); (L.F.)
| | - Lorenzo Tuci
- Oral Surgery Unit, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via San Vitale 59, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (G.P.); (F.R.); (L.T.); (L.F.)
| | - Lorenzo Ferraioli
- Oral Surgery Unit, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via San Vitale 59, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (G.P.); (F.R.); (L.T.); (L.F.)
| | - Luigi Vito Stefanelli
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.V.S.); (S.D.C.); (F.D.A.)
| | - Stefano Di Carlo
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.V.S.); (S.D.C.); (F.D.A.)
| | - Francesca De Angelis
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.V.S.); (S.D.C.); (F.D.A.)
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rehabilitating a severely atrophic maxilla is a complex procedure. In case of severe resorption, zygomatic implants are indicated and loading of the implants at the end of the surgery is desirable. We present a new method by means of guided surgery for the placement of zygomatic implants, using specially designed metal templates that should be supported by bone. METHODS The treatment planning for completely guided prosthetic rehabilitation of the maxilla with zygomatic implants was digitally performed. A radiographic template was designed for the prosthetic treatment planning. A surgical template was used to replicate the digitally planned steps in vivo. RESULTS The procedure ended with the positioning of a custom-made temporary prosthesis. This method can reduce the surgery duration, simplify the procedure, and optimize the outcome. It requires equal cooperation among technicians, prosthodontists, and surgeons. Nineteen out of twenty patients included in the study presented successful implants and prosthesis at the moment of analysis. CONCLUSIONS The present approach addressed the needs for zygomatic-implant surgery. The surgical and prosthetic plan, position, emergence, the shape of the implants, the position of the temporary prosthesis, the inter-arch relationships, and surgical templates were designed in a completely virtual environment and performed by the surgeon on stereolithographic models beforehand. Consequently, the surgical procedure was considerably simplified.
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Digital Approach for the Rehabilitation of the Edentulous Maxilla with Pterygoid and Standard Implants: The Static and Dynamic Computer-Aided Protocols. Methods Protoc 2020; 3:mps3040084. [PMID: 33371232 PMCID: PMC7768480 DOI: 10.3390/mps3040084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A full-arch rehabilitation of the edentulous upper jaw without grafting procedures exploits the residual alveolar or the basal bone, with the necessity of long implants placed with a particular orientation. The precision in planning and placing the fixtures is fundamental to avoid clinical problems and to allow an acceptable connection with the prosthesis. The computer-aided implantology resulted in more accuracy than the traditional one, with a high standard of correspondence between the virtual project and the real outcome. This paper reports about the two different digital protocols, static and dynamic, as support to implant-borne prosthetic rehabilitation of edentulous maxillae. Two pterygoid and two/four anterior standard implants were seated in both cases by two different operators, without flap raising, and immediately loaded. This approach avoided the posterior cantilever by-passing the maxillary sinus and was adequately planned and realized without any surgical or prosthetic error. The two digital flow-charts were described step by step, underlining each other’s advantages and drawbacks compared to a free-hand approach.
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