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Sonia FJ, Haider G, Ghosh S, Müller M, Volochanskyi O, Bouša M, Plšek J, Kamruddin M, Fejfar A, Kalbáč M, Frank O. Interface and Morphology Engineered Amorphous Si for Ultrafast Electrochemical Lithium Storage. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311250. [PMID: 38431938 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Ultrafast high-capacity lithium-ion batteries are extremely desirable for portable electronic devices, where Si is the most promising alternative to the conventional graphite anode due to its very high theoretical capacity. However, the low electronic conductivity and poor Li-diffusivity limit its rate capability. Moreover, high volume expansion/contraction upon Li-intake/uptake causes severe pulverization of the electrode, leading to drastic capacity fading. Here, interface and morphology-engineered amorphous Si matrix is being reported utilizing a few-layer vertical graphene (VG) buffer layer to retain high capacity at both slow and fast (dis)charging rates. The flexible mechanical support of VG due to the van-der-Waals interaction between the graphene layers, the weak adhesion between Si and graphene, and the highly porous geometry mitigated stress, while the three-dimensional mass loading enhanced specific capacity. Additionally, the high electronic conductivity of VG boosted rate-capability, resulting in a reversible gravimetric capacity of ≈1270 mAh g-1 (areal capacity of ≈37 µAh cm-2) even after 100 cycles at an ultrafast cycling rate of 20C, which provides a fascinating way for conductivity and stress management to obtain high-performance storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farjana J Sonia
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dolejskova 2155/3, Prague, 18223, Czech Republic
| | - Golam Haider
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dolejskova 2155/3, Prague, 18223, Czech Republic
| | - Subrata Ghosh
- Micro and Nanostructured Materials Laboratory -NanoLab, Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, via Ponzio 34/3, Milano, 20133, Italy
- Surface and Nanoscience Division, Materials Science Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research-Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kalpakkam, 603102, India
| | - Martin Müller
- FZU (Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences), Prague, 16200, Czech Republic
| | - Oleksandr Volochanskyi
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dolejskova 2155/3, Prague, 18223, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Technická 5, Prague, 16628, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Bouša
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dolejskova 2155/3, Prague, 18223, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Plšek
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dolejskova 2155/3, Prague, 18223, Czech Republic
| | - Mohammed Kamruddin
- Surface and Nanoscience Division, Materials Science Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research-Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kalpakkam, 603102, India
| | - Antonín Fejfar
- FZU (Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences), Prague, 16200, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kalbáč
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dolejskova 2155/3, Prague, 18223, Czech Republic
| | - Otakar Frank
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dolejskova 2155/3, Prague, 18223, Czech Republic
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