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Gan JS, Hung YM. Remarkable Thermal Performance Enhancement of Micro Heat Pipes with Graphene-Nanoplatelet Nano-Wicks. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:232. [PMID: 36677986 PMCID: PMC9865092 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The ultrafast water permeation property of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) synergically enhances the evaporation and water circulation processes in a micro heat pipe (MHP). An MHP is a promising phase-change heat-transfer device capable of transferring large amounts of heat energy efficiently. The hydrophobic, atomically smooth carbon walls of GNPs nanostructures provide a network of nanocapillaries that allows water molecules to intercalate frictionlessly among the graphene layers. Together with the attraction force of the oxygenated functional groups, a series of hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces are formed that significantly improve the water circulation rate. The intercalation of water molecules encourages the formation of water-thin film for film-wise evaporation. The effect of nano-wick thickness on the thermal performance of the MHP is investigated. A thinner GNP nano-wick is more favorable to film-wise evaporation while a thicker nano-wick promotes a higher water circulation rate from the condenser to the evaporator, leading to the existence of an optimal thickness. By benchmarking with the uncoated MHP, the thermal conductance of an MHP with a 46.9-µm GNP nano-wick manifests a maximum enhancement of 128%. This study provides insights on the feasible implementation of GNP nano-wicks into a highly efficient micro-scale electronics cooling device for environmental sustainability.
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Krishnan SAG, Sasikumar B, Arthanareeswaran G, László Z, Nascimben Santos E, Veréb G, Kertész S. Surface-initiated polymerization of PVDF membrane using amine and bismuth tungstate (BWO) modified MIL-100(Fe) nanofillers for pesticide photodegradation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 304:135286. [PMID: 35690168 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pirimicarb as a pesticide is used to control the aphids in the agriculture field; however, it affects the groundwater ecosystem by leaching through the soil profile. The post-synthetic amine and BWO modified MIL-100 (Fe) nanofillers were synthesized. The photocatalytic property of amine-functionalized and BWO@MIL-100(Fe) nanofillers was confirmed by the lesser bandgap energy than the unmodified MIL-100 (Fe) nanofiller. Herein, we constructed a nanofillers grafted PVDF membrane via in-situ polymerization technique for the pirimicarb reduction and photodegradation. Furthermore, the nanofiller's grafted membranes were characterized by FESEM, XRD, FTIR, and contact angle analysis. The carboxylic acid peak was observed on the FTIR which demonstrated the PAA grafted on the membrane surface and similar crystalline peaks evident that the nanofillers were grafted on the membrane surface. Furthermore, surface morphology studies have exhibited the dispersion of nanofillers and enhanced microvoids in the cross-section of the membrane. The decrease in the water contact angle of the membrane depicted the improved antifouling properties and surface energy. The nanofiller's grafted membranes have shown higher hydrophilicity correlated well with the enhanced pure water flux in the order M4 > M5 > M2 > M3 > M6 > M7 compared to the neat membrane (M1). In BWO@MIL-100(Fe) membrane has shown a higher permeate flux (25.99 L m-2.h-1) than the neat PVDF membrane. The BWO@MIL-100(Fe) grafted PVDF membrane has also shown excellent pirimicarb photodegradation of 81% at pH 5. The proposed MIL-100 (Fe) and bismuth tungsten nanocomposite will pave the way for the different MOF-based photocatalytic materials for membrane-based pesticide degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Gokula Krishnan
- Membrane Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620015, India
| | - B Sasikumar
- Membrane Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620015, India
| | - G Arthanareeswaran
- Membrane Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620015, India.
| | - Zsuzsanna László
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Erika Nascimben Santos
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Veréb
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Kertész
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Jee H, Jang J, Kang Y, Eisa T, Chae KJ, Kim IS, Yang E. Enhancing the Dye-Rejection Efficiencies and Stability of Graphene Oxide-Based Nanofiltration Membranes via Divalent Cation Intercalation and Mild Reduction. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12040402. [PMID: 35448372 PMCID: PMC9031111 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12040402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Laminar graphene oxide (GO) membranes have demonstrated great potential as next-generation water-treatment membranes because of their outstanding performance and physicochemical properties. However, solute rejection and stability deterioration in aqueous solutions, which are caused by enlarged nanochannels due to hydration and swelling, are regarded as serious issues in the use of GO membranes. In this study, we attempt to use the crosslinking of divalent cations to improve resistance against swelling in partially reduced GO membranes. The partially reduced GO membranes intercalated by divalent cations (i.e., Mg2+) exhibited improved dye-rejection efficiencies of up to 98.40%, 98.88%, and 86.41% for methyl orange, methylene blue, and rhodamine B, respectively. In addition, it was confirmed that divalent cation crosslinking and partial reduction could strengthen mechanical stability during testing under harsh aqueous conditions (i.e., strong sonication).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hobin Jee
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyoung 53064, Korea;
| | - Jaewon Jang
- KEPCO Research Institute (KEPRI), Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO), Naju 58277, Korea;
| | - Yesol Kang
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea; (Y.K.); (I.S.K.)
| | - Tasnim Eisa
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Korea; (T.E.); (K.-J.C.)
| | - Kyu-Jung Chae
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Korea; (T.E.); (K.-J.C.)
| | - In S. Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea; (Y.K.); (I.S.K.)
| | - Euntae Yang
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyoung 53064, Korea;
- Correspondence:
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Kumar SR, Hsu YH, Vi TTT, Pang JHS, Lee YC, Hsieh CH, Lue SJ. Graphene Oxide-Induced Protein Conformational Change in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells: A Joint Research on Cytotoxicity and Photon Therapy. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:1396. [PMID: 33805683 PMCID: PMC8001416 DOI: 10.3390/ma14061396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this work aim to investigate the interaction and cytotoxicity between nanometric graphene oxide (GO) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (NPC-BM1), and possible application in photon therapy. GO nanosheets were obtained in the size range of 100-200 nm, with a negative surface charge. This nanometric GO exhibited a limited (<10%) cytotoxicity effect and no significant dimensional change on NPC-BM1 cells in the tested GO concentration range (0.1-10 µg·mL-1). However, the secondary protein structure was modified in the GO-treated NPC-BM1 cells, as determined through synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (SR-FTIRM) mapping. To further study the cellular response of GO-treated NPC-BM1 cancer cells at low GO concentration (0.1 µg·mL-1), photon radiation was applied with increasing doses, ranging from 2 to 8 Gy. The low radiation energy (<5 Gy) did not cause significant cell mortality (5-7%). Increasing the radiation energy to 6-8 Gy accelerated cell apoptosis rate, especially in the GO-treated NPC-BM1 cells (27%). This necrosis may be due to GO-induced conformational changes in protein and DNA/RNA, resulting in cell vulnerability under photon radiation. The findings of the present work demonstrate the potential biological applicability of nanometric GO in different areas, such as targeted drug delivery, cellular imaging, and radiotherapy, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvaraj Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (S.R.K.); (T.T.T.V.)
| | - Ya-Hui Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (Y.-H.H.); (J.-H.S.P.)
| | - Truong Thi Tuong Vi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (S.R.K.); (T.T.T.V.)
| | - Jong-Hwei Su Pang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (Y.-H.H.); (J.-H.S.P.)
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Dinghu Road, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chang Lee
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsin Ann Road, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Hsun Hsieh
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, Jincheng Road, New Taipei City 236, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Fusing Street, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Shingjiang Jessie Lue
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (S.R.K.); (T.T.T.V.)
- Division of Join Reconstruction, Department of Orthopedics, Chang Gung Medical Center at Linkou, Fusing Street, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Safety, Health and Environment Engineering, Ming-Chi University of Technology, Gongzhuan Road, Taishan, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan
- Center for Environmental Sustainability and Human Health, Ming-Chi University of Technology, Gongzhuan Road, Taishan, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan
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Flux model development and synthesis optimization for an enhanced GO embedded nanocomposite membrane through FFD and RSM approach. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05610. [PMID: 33305039 PMCID: PMC7708821 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A two-level full factorial design was used to analyze several factors involved in PSF–GO–Pebax thin film nanocomposite membranes development. Permeate flux was chosen as a single response for four possible factors: Pebax selective layer concentration, amount of GO load to Pebax selective layer, Pebax–GO selective layer thickness, and amount of GO load to PSF substrate. The study is aimed at factors interaction and contribution towards the highest permeation flux via FFD and RSM approach. R2 obtained from the ANOVA is 0.9937 with Pebax concentration as the highest contributing factor. Pebax concentration–amount of GO load to PSF substrate is the only interaction contributing to the highest flux. A regression analysis concluded the study with model development and an optimized condition for the membrane design.
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