1
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Sharma M, Alessandro P, Cheriyamundath S, Lopus M. Therapeutic and diagnostic applications of carbon nanotubes in cancer: recent advances and challenges. J Drug Target 2024; 32:287-299. [PMID: 38252035 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2309575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are allotropes of carbon, composed of carbon atoms forming a tube-like structure. Their high surface area, chemical stability, and rich electronic polyaromatic structure facilitate their drug-carrying capacity. Therefore, CNTs have been intensively explored for several biomedical applications, including as a potential treatment option for cancer. By incorporating smart fabrication strategies, CNTs can be designed to specifically target cancer cells. This targeted drug delivery approach not only maximizes the therapeutic utility of CNTs but also minimizes any potential side effects of free drug molecules. CNTs can also be utilised for photothermal therapy (PTT) which uses photosensitizers to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill cancer cells, and in immunotherapeutic applications. Regarding the latter, for example, CNT-based formulations can preferentially target intra-tumoural regulatory T-cells. CNTs also act as efficient antigen presenters. With their capabilities for photoacoustic, fluorescent and Raman imaging, CNTs are excellent diagnostic tools as well. Further, metallic nanoparticles, such as gold or silver nanoparticles, are combined with CNTs to create nanobiosensors to measure biological reactions. This review focuses on current knowledge about the theranostic potential of CNT, challenges associated with their large-scale production, their possible side effects and important parameters to consider when exploring their clinical usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muskan Sharma
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Mumbai, India
| | - Parodi Alessandro
- Department of Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, Russia
| | - Sanith Cheriyamundath
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Mumbai, India
| | - Manu Lopus
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Mumbai, India
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2
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Nam US, Suh HN, Sung SK, Seo C, Lee JH, Lee JY, Kim S, Lee J. Rapid and High-Density Antibody Immobilization Using Electropolymerization of Pyrrole for Highly Sensitive Immunoassay. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:30611-30621. [PMID: 38857116 PMCID: PMC11194765 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Polypyrrole (Ppy) is a biologically compatible polymer that is used as a matrix, in which drugs and enzymes can be incorporated by doping. Here, we suggest an inventive application of Ppy as a biorecognition film encapsulated with an antibody (Ab) as an alternative strategy for the on-site multistep functionalization of thiol-based self-assembled monolayers. The fabrication steps of the recognition films were followed by dropping pyrrole and Ab mixed solutions onto the electrode and obtaining a thin film by direct current electropolymerization. The efficiency of Ab immobilization was studied by using fluorescence microscopy and electrochemical (EC) methods. Finally, the Ab density was increased and immobilized in 1 min, and the sensing performance as an EC immunosensor was demonstrated using α-fetoprotein with a limit of detection of 3.13 pg/mL and sensing range from 1 pg/mL to 100 ng/mL. This study demonstrates the potential for electrochemical functionalization of biomolecules with high affinity and rapidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- USun Nam
- Department
of Medical IT Convergence, Kumoh National
Institute of Technology, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Na Suh
- Korea
Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Keun Sung
- Digital
Healthcare Research Center, Gumi Electronics
and Information Technology Research Institute (GERI), Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39253, Republic
of Korea
| | - ChaeWon Seo
- Department
of Medical IT Convergence, Kumoh National
Institute of Technology, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Lee
- Department
of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University
of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
- Institute
for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Jeong Yoon Lee
- The Laboratory
of Viromics and Evolution, Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54531, Republic
of Korea
| | - SangHee Kim
- Department
of Medical IT Convergence, Kumoh National
Institute of Technology, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - JuKyung Lee
- Digital
Healthcare Research Center, Gumi Electronics
and Information Technology Research Institute (GERI), Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39253, Republic
of Korea
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3
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Malode SJ, Pandiaraj S, Alodhayb A, Shetti NP. Carbon Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications: Progress and Outlook. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:752-777. [PMID: 38271214 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Recent developments in nanoscale materials have found extensive use in various fields, especially in the biomedical industry. Several substantial obstacles must be overcome, particularly those related to nanostructured materials in biomedicine, before they can be used in therapeutic applications. Significant concerns in biomedicine include biological processes, adaptability, toxic effects, and nano-biointerfacial properties. Biomedical researchers have difficulty choosing suitable materials for drug carriers, cancer treatment, and antiviral uses. Carbon nanomaterials are among the various nanoparticle forms that are continually receiving interest for biomedical applications. They are suitable materials owing to their distinctive physical and chemical properties, such as electrical, high-temperature, mechanical, and optical diversification. An individualized, controlled, dependable, low-carcinogenic, target-specific drug delivery system can diagnose and treat infections in biomedical applications. The variety of carbon materials at the nanoscale is remarkable. Allotropes and other forms of the same element, carbon, are represented in nanoscale dimensions. These show promise for a wide range of applications. Carbon nanostructured materials with exceptional mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties include graphene and carbon nanotubes. They can potentially revolutionize industries, including electronics, energy, and medicine. Ongoing investigation and expansion efforts continue to unlock possibilities for these materials, making them a key player in shaping the future of advanced technology. Carbon nanostructured materials explore the potential positive effects of reducing the greenhouse effect. The current state of nanostructured materials in the biomedical sector is covered in this review, along with their synthesis techniques and potential uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta J Malode
- Center for Energy and Environment, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Vidyanagar, Hubballi 580031, Karnataka, India
| | - Saravanan Pandiaraj
- Department of Self-Development Skills, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alodhayb
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagaraj P Shetti
- Center for Energy and Environment, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Vidyanagar, Hubballi 580031, Karnataka, India
- University Center for Research & Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, Panjab, India
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4
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Li R, Bao Z, Wang P, Deng Y, Fan J, Zhu X, Xia X, Song Y, Yao H, Li D. Gelatin-Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes Loaded with Cisplatin for Anti-Cancer Therapy. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3333. [PMID: 37631391 PMCID: PMC10458187 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (Cp), a chemotherapeutic agent, interacts with purines on tumor DNA, causing tumor cell apoptosis. However, cisplatin has the characteristics of non-specific distribution and lack of selectivity, resulting in systemic toxicity. Moreover, it cannot maintain the drug's high concentration in the tumor-weak acid environment. These flaws of cisplatin restrict its use in clinical applications. Therefore, a pH-responsive carbon nanotube-modified nano-drug delivery system (CNTs/Gel/Cp) was constructed in this study using gelatin (Gel)-modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs/Gel) loaded with cisplatin to release drugs precisely and slowly, preventing premature inactivation and maintaining an effective concentration. When MCp:MCNTs/Gel = 1:1, the drug reaches the highest loading rate and entrapment efficiency. To achieve the sustained-release effect, CNTs/Gel/Cp can release the medicine steadily for a long time in a pH environment of 6.0. Additionally, CNTs/Gel/Cp display antitumor properties comparable to cisplatin in a manner that varies with the dosage administered. These findings indicate that CNTs/Gel/Cp have an effective, sustained release of cisplatin and a good antitumor effect, providing a theoretical and experimental basis for the clinical application of modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as a new drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (R.L.); (Z.B.); (P.W.); (Y.D.); (J.F.); (X.Z.); (X.X.); (Y.S.); (H.Y.)
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhenfei Bao
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (R.L.); (Z.B.); (P.W.); (Y.D.); (J.F.); (X.Z.); (X.X.); (Y.S.); (H.Y.)
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Pei Wang
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (R.L.); (Z.B.); (P.W.); (Y.D.); (J.F.); (X.Z.); (X.X.); (Y.S.); (H.Y.)
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yunyun Deng
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (R.L.); (Z.B.); (P.W.); (Y.D.); (J.F.); (X.Z.); (X.X.); (Y.S.); (H.Y.)
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Junping Fan
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (R.L.); (Z.B.); (P.W.); (Y.D.); (J.F.); (X.Z.); (X.X.); (Y.S.); (H.Y.)
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xin Zhu
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (R.L.); (Z.B.); (P.W.); (Y.D.); (J.F.); (X.Z.); (X.X.); (Y.S.); (H.Y.)
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xinyu Xia
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (R.L.); (Z.B.); (P.W.); (Y.D.); (J.F.); (X.Z.); (X.X.); (Y.S.); (H.Y.)
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yiming Song
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (R.L.); (Z.B.); (P.W.); (Y.D.); (J.F.); (X.Z.); (X.X.); (Y.S.); (H.Y.)
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Haiyan Yao
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (R.L.); (Z.B.); (P.W.); (Y.D.); (J.F.); (X.Z.); (X.X.); (Y.S.); (H.Y.)
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Dongfang Li
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (R.L.); (Z.B.); (P.W.); (Y.D.); (J.F.); (X.Z.); (X.X.); (Y.S.); (H.Y.)
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
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5
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Kharlamova MV, Kramberger C. Cytotoxicity of Carbon Nanotubes, Graphene, Fullerenes, and Dots. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13091458. [PMID: 37177003 PMCID: PMC10180519 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The cytotoxicity of carbon nanomaterials is a very important issue for microorganisms, animals, and humans. Here, we discuss the issues of cytotoxicity of carbon nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes, graphene, fullerene, and dots. Cytotoxicity issues, such as cell viability and drug release, are considered. The main part of the review is dedicated to important cell viability issues. They are presented for A549 human melanoma, E. coli, osteosarcoma, U2-OS, SAOS-2, MG63, U87, and U118 cell lines. Then, important drug release issues are discussed. Bioimaging results are shown here to illustrate the use of carbon derivatives as markers in any type of imaging used in vivo/in vitro. Finally, perspectives of the field are presented. The important issue is single-cell viability. It can allow a correlation of the functionality of organelles of single cells with the development of cancer. Such organelles are mitochondria, nuclei, vacuoles, and reticulum. It allows for finding biochemical evidence of cancer prevention in single cells. The development of investigation methods for single-cell level detection of viability stimulates the cytotoxicity investigative field. The development of single-cell microscopy is needed to improve the resolution and accuracy of investigations. The importance of cytotoxicity is drug release. It is important to control the amount of drug that is released. This is performed with pH, temperature, and electric stimulation. Further development of drug loading and bioimaging is important to decrease the cytotoxicity of carbon nanomaterials. We hope that this review is useful for researchers from all disciplines across the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna V Kharlamova
- Centre for Advanced Materials Application (CEMEA), Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 5807/9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Kramberger
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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6
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Zagni C, Scamporrino AA, Riccobene PM, Floresta G, Patamia V, Rescifina A, Carroccio SC. Portable Nanocomposite System for Wound Healing in Space. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:741. [PMID: 36839109 PMCID: PMC9961582 DOI: 10.3390/nano13040741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that skin wound healing could be severely impaired in space. In particular, the skin is the tissue at risk of injury, especially during human-crewed space missions. Here, we propose a hybrid system based on the biocompatible poly 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (pHEMA) to actively support a nanocontainer filled with the drug. Specifically, during the cryo-polymerization of HEMA, halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) embedded with thymol (Thy) were added as a component. Thy is a natural pharmaceutical ingredient used to confer wound healing properties to the material, whereas HNTs were used to entrap the Thy into the lumen to ensure a sustained release of the drug. The as-obtained material was characterized by chemical-physical methods, and tests were performed to assess its ability for a prolonged drug release. The results showed that the adopted synthetic procedure allows the formation of a super absorbent system with good swelling ability that can contain up to 5.5 mg of Thy in about 90 mg of dried sponge. Releasing tests demonstrated the excellent material's ability to perform a slow controlled delivery of 62% of charged Thy within a week. As humans venture deeper into space, with more extended missions, limited medical capabilities, and a higher risk of skin wounds, the proposed device would be a versatile miniaturized device for skin repair in space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Zagni
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Maria Riccobene
- Institute for Polymers, Composites, and Biomaterials CNR-IPCB, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Floresta
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Patamia
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Rescifina
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Sabrina Carola Carroccio
- Institute for Polymers, Composites, and Biomaterials CNR-IPCB, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
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7
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Brindhadevi K, Garalleh HAL, Alalawi A, Al-Sarayreh E, Pugazhendhi A. Carbon nanomaterials: Types, synthesis strategies and their application as drug delivery system for Cancer therapy. Biochem Eng J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2023.108828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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8
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Shi M, Jiang Q, Lu D, Zheng X, Duan X, Xu X, Liu Y, Xue H, Yin L. Quantitative analysis of polypropylene glycol polymers by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry based on collision induced dissociation technique. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1676:463214. [PMID: 35709604 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Polypropylene glycol (PPG) is a commonly used synthetic polymer in many fields. Investigating the toxicity and pharmacokinetic behavior of PPG polymers is necessary and important for evaluating their safety in medicine and daily cosmetics. In this study, PPG425, PPG1K and PPG2K were selected as the target polymers for cytotoxicity and cellular pharmacokinetics study of PPG polymers. Structural diversity and polydisperse molecular weights (MWs) are significant challenges for quantification of PPG polymers by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Collision induced dissociation in source or collision cell generated a series of PPG-related product ions at m/z 59.0, 117.1, 175.1, 233.2, 291.2, 349.3, 407.2, 465.3 and 523.5 corresponding to fragments containing 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 repeating propylene oxide subunits. PPG425 was determined by the sum of the MRM acquisitions used the transitions [M+H]+1 precursor ions → product ions. PPG1K and PPG2K were determined by the MRM acquisitions used the transitions [M+H]+1 precursor ions → product ions at m/z 233.2(four subunits)→59.0(one subunit). Based on the collision induced disassociation technique and structural specific product ions, pharmacokinetic studies of PEG425, PPG1K and PPG2K were successfully conducted in McF-7 cells. The experimental results revealed that PPG polymers are not biologically inert and they can enter into McF-7 cells. The safety of PPG polymers should be considered when they are used as pharmaceutical or cosmetic excipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyun Shi
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, PR China; Aim Honesty Biopharmaceutical Co. LTD, Dalian, 116600, PR China
| | - Qiuhong Jiang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, PR China
| | - Di Lu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, PR China
| | - Xinyue Zheng
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, PR China
| | - Xujian Duan
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, PR China
| | - Xiangyi Xu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, PR China
| | - Yajun Liu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, PR China
| | - Hongyu Xue
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, PR China
| | - Lei Yin
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, PR China; JenKem Technology Co. LTD, Tianjin, 300450, PR China.
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9
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Carbon Nanomaterials for Therapy, Diagnosis and Biosensing. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12091597. [PMID: 35564306 PMCID: PMC9105479 DOI: 10.3390/nano12091597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In carbon nanomaterial design, the fine-tuning of their functionalities and physicochemical properties has increased their potential for therapeutic, diagnostic and biosensing applications [...].
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10
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Cancer-Related Intracellular Signalling Pathways Activated by DOXorubicin/Cyclodextrin-Graphene-Based Nanomaterials. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12010063. [PMID: 35053211 PMCID: PMC8773469 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, nanotechnological progress has generated new opportunities to improve the safety and efficacy of conventional anticancer therapies. Compared with other carriers, graphene nanoplatforms possess numerous tunable functionalities for the loading of multiple bioactive compounds, although their biocompatibility is still a debated concern. Recently, we have investigated the modulation of genes involved in cancer-associated canonical pathways induced by graphene engineered with cyclodextrins (GCD). Here, we investigated the GCD impact on cells safety, the HEp-2 responsiveness to Doxorubicin (DOX) and the cancer-related intracellular signalling pathways modulated by over time exposure to DOX loaded on GCD (GCD@DOX). Our studies evidenced that both DOX and GCD@DOX induced p53 and p21 signalling resulting in G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. A genotoxic behaviour of DOX was reported via detection of CDK (T14/Y15) activation and reduction of Wee-1 expression. Similarly, we found a cleavage of PARP by DOX within 72 h of exposure. Conversely, GCD@DOX induced a late cleavage of PARP, which could be indicative of less toxic effect due to controlled release of the drug from the GCD nanocarrier. Finally, the induction of the autophagy process supports the potential recycling of DOX with the consequent limitation of its toxic effects. Together, these findings demonstrate that GCD@DOX is a biocompatible drug delivery system able to evade chemoresistance and doxorubicin toxicity.
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11
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Xiao D, Qi H, Teng Y, Pierre D, Kutoka PT, Liu D. Advances and Challenges of Fluorescent Nanomaterials for Synthesis and Biomedical Applications. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2021; 16:167. [PMID: 34837561 PMCID: PMC8626755 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-021-03613-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of nanotechnology, new types of fluorescent nanomaterials (FNMs) have been springing up in the past two decades. The nanometer scale endows FNMs with unique optical properties which play a critical role in their applications in bioimaging and fluorescence-dependent detections. However, since low selectivity as well as low photoluminescence efficiency of fluorescent nanomaterials hinders their applications in imaging and detection to some extent, scientists are still in search of synthesizing new FNMs with better properties. In this review, a variety of fluorescent nanoparticles are summarized including semiconductor quantum dots, carbon dots, carbon nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, graphene-based nanomaterials, noble metal nanoparticles, silica nanoparticles, phosphors and organic frameworks. We highlight the recent advances of the latest developments in the synthesis of FNMs and their applications in the biomedical field in recent years. Furthermore, the main theories, methods, and limitations of the synthesis and applications of FNMs have been reviewed and discussed. In addition, challenges in synthesis and biomedical applications are systematically summarized as well. The future directions and perspectives of FNMs in clinical applications are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deli Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Haixiang Qi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yan Teng
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Dramou Pierre
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | | | - Dong Liu
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, West of Yunlu Bridge, Moon Island, Lu'an, 237012, Anhui, China.
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12
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Chudoba D, Jażdżewska M, Łudzik K, Wołoszczuk S, Juszyńska-Gałązka E, Kościński M. Description of Release Process of Doxorubicin from Modified Carbon Nanotubes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12003. [PMID: 34769431 PMCID: PMC8584310 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The article discusses the release process of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) from multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The studies described a probable mechanism of release and actions between the surface of functionalized MWCNTs and anticancer drugs. The surface of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been modified via treatment in nitric acid to optimize the adsorption and release process. The modification efficiency and physicochemical properties of the MWCNTs+DOX system were analyzed by using SEM, TEM, EDS, FTIR, Raman Spectroscopy and UV-Vis methods. Based on computer simulations at pH 7.4 and the experiment at pH 5.4, the kinetics and the mechanism of DOX release from MWNT were discussed. It has been experimentally observed that the acidic pH (5.4) is appropriate for the efficient release of the drug from CNTs. It was noted that under acidic pH conditions, which is typical for the tumour microenvironment almost 90% of the drug was released in a relatively short time. The kinetics models based on different mathematical functions were used to describe the release mechanism of drugs from MWCNTs. Our studies indicated that the best fit of experimental kinetic curves of release has been observed for the Power-law model and the fitted parameters suggest that the drug release mechanism of DOX from MWCNTs is controlled by Fickian diffusion. Molecular dynamics simulations, on the other hand, have shown that in a neutral pH solution, which is close to the blood pH, the release process does not occur keeping the aggregation level constant. The presented studies have shown that MWCNTs are promising carriers of anticancer drugs that, depending on the surface modification, can exhibit different adsorption mechanisms and release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Chudoba
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (M.J.); (S.W.)
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia;
| | - Monika Jażdżewska
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (M.J.); (S.W.)
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia;
| | - Katarzyna Łudzik
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia;
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Sebastian Wołoszczuk
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (M.J.); (S.W.)
| | - Ewa Juszyńska-Gałązka
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Kraków, Poland;
- Research Center for Thermal and Entropic Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Mikołaj Kościński
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland;
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
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13
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Dubey R, Dutta D, Sarkar A, Chattopadhyay P. Functionalized carbon nanotubes: synthesis, properties and applications in water purification, drug delivery, and material and biomedical sciences. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:5722-5744. [PMID: 36132675 PMCID: PMC9419119 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00293g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are considered as one of the ideal materials due to their high surface area, high aspect ratio, and impressive material properties, such as mechanical strength, and thermal and electrical conductivity, for the manufacture of next generation composite materials. In spite of the mentioned attractive features, they tend to agglomerate due to their inherent chemical structure which limits their application. Surface modification is required to overcome the agglomeration and increase their dispersability leading to enhanced interactions of the functionalized CNTs with matrix materials/polymer matrices. Recent developments concerning reliable methods for the functionalization of carbon nanotubes offer an additional thrust towards extending their application areas. By chemical functionalization, organic functional groups are generated/attached to the surfaces as well as the tip of CNTs which opens up the possibilities for tailoring the properties of nanotubes and extending their application areas. Different research efforts have been devoted towards both covalent and non-covalent functionalization for different applications. Functionalized CNTs have been used successfully for the development of high quality nanocomposites, finding wide application as chemical and biological sensors, in optoelectronics and catalysis. Non covalently functionalized carbon nanotubes have been used as a substrate for the immobilization of a large variety of biomolecules to impart specific recognition properties for the development of miniaturized biosensors as well as designing of novel bioactive nanomaterials. Functionalized CNTs have also been demonstrated as one of the promising nanomaterials for the decontamination of water due to their high adsorption capacity and specificity for various contaminants. Specifically modified CNTs have been utilized for bone tissue engineering and as a novel and versatile drug delivery vehicle. This review article discusses in short the synthesis, properties and applications of CNTs. This includes the need for functionalization of CNTs, methods and types of functionalization, and properties of functionalized CNTs and their applications especially with respect to material and biomedical sciences, water purification, and drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Dubey
- Defence Research Laboratory Post Bag No. 2 Tezpur 784001 Assam India +91-3712-258508, +91-3712-258836 +91-3712-258534
| | - Dhiraj Dutta
- Defence Research Laboratory Post Bag No. 2 Tezpur 784001 Assam India +91-3712-258508, +91-3712-258836 +91-3712-258534
| | - Arpan Sarkar
- Defence Research Laboratory Post Bag No. 2 Tezpur 784001 Assam India +91-3712-258508, +91-3712-258836 +91-3712-258534
| | - Pronobesh Chattopadhyay
- Defence Research Laboratory Post Bag No. 2 Tezpur 784001 Assam India +91-3712-258508, +91-3712-258836 +91-3712-258534
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14
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Quattrini F, Berrecoso G, Crecente-Campo J, Alonso MJ. Asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation as a multifunctional technique for the characterization of polymeric nanocarriers. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:373-395. [PMID: 33521866 PMCID: PMC7987708 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00918-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The importance of polymeric nanocarriers in the field of drug delivery is ever-increasing, and the accurate characterization of their properties is paramount to understand and predict their behavior. Asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) is a fractionation technique that has gained considerable attention for its gentle separation conditions, broad working range, and versatility. AF4 can be hyphenated to a plurality of concentration and size detectors, thus permitting the analysis of the multifunctionality of nanomaterials. Despite this potential, the practical information that can be retrieved by AF4 and its possible applications are still rather unfamiliar to the pharmaceutical scientist. This review was conceived as a primer that clearly states the "do's and don'ts" about AF4 applied to the characterization of polymeric nanocarriers. Aside from size characterization, AF4 can be beneficial during formulation optimization, for drug loading and drug release determination and for the study of interactions among biomaterials. It will focus mainly on the advances made in the last 5 years, as well as indicating the problematics on the consensus, which have not been reached yet. Methodological recommendations for several case studies will be also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Quattrini
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, Singular Research Centers, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Germán Berrecoso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, Singular Research Centers, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), IDIS Research Institute, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Crecente-Campo
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, Singular Research Centers, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), IDIS Research Institute, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - María José Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, Singular Research Centers, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), IDIS Research Institute, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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15
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Contreras L, Villarroel I, Torres C, Rozas R. Doxorubicin Encapsulation in Carbon Nanotubes Having Haeckelite or Stone-Wales Defects as Drug Carriers: A Molecular Dynamics Approach. Molecules 2021; 26:1586. [PMID: 33805628 PMCID: PMC7999666 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX), a recognized anticancer drug, forms stable associations with carbon nanotubes (CNTs). CNTs when properly functionalized have the ability to anchor directly in cancerous tumors where the release of the drug occurs thanks to the tumor slightly acidic pH. Herein, we study the armchair and zigzag CNTs with Stone-Wales (SW) defects to rank their ability to encapsulate DOX by determining the DOX-CNT binding free energies using the MM/PBSA and MM/GBSA methods implemented in AMBER16. We investigate also the chiral CNTs with haeckelite defects. Each haeckelite defect consists of a pair of square and octagonal rings. The armchair and zigzag CNT with SW defects and chiral nanotubes with haeckelite defects predict DOX-CNT interactions that depend on the length of the nanotube, the number of present defects and nitrogen doping. Chiral nanotubes having two haeckelite defects reveal a clear dependence on the nitrogen content with DOX-CNT interaction forces decreasing in the order 0N > 4N > 8N. These results contribute to a further understanding of drug-nanotube interactions and to the design of new drug delivery systems based on CNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Contreras
- Laboratorio de Química Computacional y Propiedad Intelectual, Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Avenida Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 3363, Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago 9170022, Chile;
| | - Ignacio Villarroel
- Departamento de Computación e Informática, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Avenida Ecuador 3659, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (I.V.); (C.T.)
| | - Camila Torres
- Departamento de Computación e Informática, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Avenida Ecuador 3659, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (I.V.); (C.T.)
| | - Roberto Rozas
- Laboratorio de Química Computacional y Propiedad Intelectual, Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Avenida Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 3363, Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago 9170022, Chile;
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16
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Nie S, Lu J, Huang Y, Li QA. Zonisamide-loaded triblock copolymer nanomicelle as a controlled drug release platform for the treatment of oxidative stress -induced spinal cord neuronal damage. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.115233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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17
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Riley PR, Narayan RJ. Recent advances in carbon nanomaterials for biomedical applications: A review. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2021; 17:100262. [PMID: 33786405 PMCID: PMC7993985 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2021.100262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
With the emergence of new pathogens like coronavirus disease 2019 and the prevalence of cancer as one of the leading causes of mortality globally, the effort to develop appropriate materials to address these challenges is a critical research area. Researchers around the world are investigating new types of materials and biological systems to fight against various diseases that affect humans and animals. Carbon nanostructures with their properties of straightforward functionalization, capability for drug loading, biocompatibility, and antiviral properties have become a major focus of biomedical researchers. However, reducing toxicity, enhancing biocompatibility, improving dispersibility, and enhancing water solubility have been challenging for carbon-based biomedical systems. The goal of this article is to provide a review on the latest progress involving the use of carbon nanostructures, namely fullerenes, graphene, and carbon nanotubes, for drug delivery, cancer therapy, and antiviral applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parand R Riley
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Centennial Campus, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-7907, USA
| | - Roger J Narayan
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Centennial Campus, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-7115, USA
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18
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Bunker A, Róg T. Mechanistic Understanding From Molecular Dynamics Simulation in Pharmaceutical Research 1: Drug Delivery. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:604770. [PMID: 33330633 PMCID: PMC7732618 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.604770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we outline the growing role that molecular dynamics simulation is able to play as a design tool in drug delivery. We cover both the pharmaceutical and computational backgrounds, in a pedagogical fashion, as this review is designed to be equally accessible to pharmaceutical researchers interested in what this new computational tool is capable of and experts in molecular modeling who wish to pursue pharmaceutical applications as a context for their research. The field has become too broad for us to concisely describe all work that has been carried out; many comprehensive reviews on subtopics of this area are cited. We discuss the insight molecular dynamics modeling has provided in dissolution and solubility, however, the majority of the discussion is focused on nanomedicine: the development of nanoscale drug delivery vehicles. Here we focus on three areas where molecular dynamics modeling has had a particularly strong impact: (1) behavior in the bloodstream and protective polymer corona, (2) Drug loading and controlled release, and (3) Nanoparticle interaction with both model and biological membranes. We conclude with some thoughts on the role that molecular dynamics simulation can grow to play in the development of new drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Bunker
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tomasz Róg
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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19
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Barani M, Sabir F, Rahdar A, Arshad R, Kyzas GZ. Nanotreatment and Nanodiagnosis of Prostate Cancer: Recent Updates. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1696. [PMID: 32872181 PMCID: PMC7559844 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The fabrication and development of nanomaterials for the treatment of prostate cancer have gained significant appraisal in recent years. Advancements in synthesis of organic and inorganic nanomaterials with charge, particle size, specified geometry, ligand attachment etc have resulted in greater biocompatibility and active targeting at cancer site. Despite all of the advances made over the years in discovering drugs, methods, and new biomarkers for cancer of the prostate (PCa), PCa remains one of the most troubling cancers among people. Early on, effective diagnosis is an essential part of treating prostate cancer. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) or serum prostate-specific antigen is the best serum marker widely accessible for diagnosis of PCa. Numerous efforts have been made over the past decade to design new biosensor-based strategies for biomolecules detection and PSA miniaturization biomarkers. The growing nanotechnology is expected to have a significant effect in the immediate future on scientific research and healthcare. Nanotechnology is thus predicted to find a way to solve one of the most and long-standing problem, "early cancer detection". For early diagnosis of PCa biomarkers, different nanoparticles with different approaches have been used. In this review, we provide a brief description of the latest achievements and advances in the use of nanoparticles for PCa biomarker diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Barani
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 7616914111, Iran;
| | - Fakhara Sabir
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol 538-98615, Iran
| | - Rabia Arshad
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
| | - George Z. Kyzas
- Department of Chemistry, International Hellenic University, 65404 Kavala, Greece
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20
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Skwarecki AS, Nowak MG, Milewska MJ. Synthetic strategies in construction of organic macromolecular carrier-drug conjugates. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:5764-5783. [PMID: 32677650 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01101k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Many metabolic inhibitors, considered potential antimicrobial or anticancer drug candidates, exhibit very limited ability to cross the biological membranes of target cells. The restricted cellular penetration of those molecules is often due to their highhydrophilicity. One of the possible solutions to this problem is a conjugation of an inhibitor with a molecular organic nanocarrier. The conjugate thus formed should be able to penetrate the membrane(s) by direct translocation, endocytosis or active transport mechanisms and once internalized, the active component could reach its intracellular target, either after release from the conjugate or in an intact form. Several such nanocarriers have been proposed so far, including macromolecular systems, carbon nanotubes and dendrimers. Herein, we present a comprehensive review of the current status of rational design and synthesis of macromolecular organic nanocarrier-drug conjugates, with special attention focused on the mode of coupling of a nanocarrier moiety with a "cargo" molecule through linking fragments of non-cleavable or cleavable type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej S Skwarecki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Michał G Nowak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Maria J Milewska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
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21
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Locatelli D, Barbera V, Brambilla L, Castiglioni C, Sironi A, Galimberti M. Tuning the Solubility Parameters of Carbon Nanotubes by Means of Their Adducts with Janus Pyrrole Compounds. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10061176. [PMID: 32560240 PMCID: PMC7353205 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The solubility parameters of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was tuned via their chemical modification with pyrrole compounds (PyCs), by means of a simple and sustainable methodology. PyCs were synthesized with high atom efficiency through the Paal–Knorr reaction of primary amines with 2,5-hexanedione, in the absence of solvents and catalysts. Methylamine, 1-dodecylamine, 2-amino-1,3-propanediol, and 3-(triethoxysilyl)propan-1-amine were selected. PyCs are characterized by two moieties, the pyrrole ring and the substituent of the nitrogen atom, and can be considered as Janus molecules. The functionalization of CNTs occurred with a high yield by simply heating CNTs and PyC. The whole reaction pathway did not produce any waste and was characterized by a carbon efficiency up to almost 100%. Thanks to the variety of PyC chemical structures, the CNT solubility parameter was modified in a pretty broad range of values, in the expected direction. Stable CNT dispersions were prepared in different solvents. From the aqueous dispersion, coating layers were prepared with high electrical conductivity, larger with respect to a top commercial product. The “pyrrole methodology” reported here is based on one reaction and allows almost infinite variations of the CNT solubility parameter, thus promoting their compatibility with target matrices and allowing the preparation of nanocomposite materials with improved properties. This work thus paves the way for a highly efficient exploitation of CNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Locatelli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy; (D.L.); (L.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Vincenzina Barbera
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy; (D.L.); (L.B.); (C.C.)
- Correspondence: (V.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Luigi Brambilla
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy; (D.L.); (L.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Chiara Castiglioni
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy; (D.L.); (L.B.); (C.C.)
| | | | - Maurizio Galimberti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy; (D.L.); (L.B.); (C.C.)
- Correspondence: (V.B.); (M.G.)
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