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Yarali E, Zadpoor AA, Staufer U, Accardo A, Mirzaali MJ. Auxeticity as a Mechanobiological Tool to Create Meta-Biomaterials. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:2562-2575. [PMID: 37319268 PMCID: PMC10354748 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical and morphological design parameters, such as stiffness or porosity, play important roles in creating orthopedic implants and bone substitutes. However, we have only a limited understanding of how the microarchitecture of porous scaffolds contributes to bone regeneration. Meta-biomaterials are increasingly used to precisely engineer the internal geometry of porous scaffolds and independently tailor their mechanical properties (e.g., stiffness and Poisson's ratio). This is motivated by the rare or unprecedented properties of meta-biomaterials, such as negative Poisson's ratios (i.e., auxeticity). It is, however, not clear how these unusual properties can modulate the interactions of meta-biomaterials with living cells and whether they can facilitate bone tissue engineering under static and dynamic cell culture and mechanical loading conditions. Here, we review the recent studies investigating the effects of the Poisson's ratio on the performance of meta-biomaterials with an emphasis on the relevant mechanobiological aspects. We also highlight the state-of-the-art additive manufacturing techniques employed to create meta-biomaterials, particularly at the micrometer scale. Finally, we provide future perspectives, particularly for the design of the next generation of meta-biomaterials featuring dynamic properties (e.g., those made through 4D printing).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Yarali
- Department
of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Maritime and Materials
Engineering, Delft University of Technology
(TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
- Department
of Precision and Microsystems Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Maritime
and Materials Engineering, Delft University
of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Amir A. Zadpoor
- Department
of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Maritime and Materials
Engineering, Delft University of Technology
(TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Urs Staufer
- Department
of Precision and Microsystems Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Maritime
and Materials Engineering, Delft University
of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Angelo Accardo
- Department
of Precision and Microsystems Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Maritime
and Materials Engineering, Delft University
of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mohammad J. Mirzaali
- Department
of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Maritime and Materials
Engineering, Delft University of Technology
(TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
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Ouyang W, Xu X, Lu W, Zhao N, Han F, Chen SC. Ultrafast 3D nanofabrication via digital holography. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1716. [PMID: 36973254 PMCID: PMC10043265 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37163-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been a compelling demand of fabricating high-resolution complex three-dimensional (3D) structures in nanotechnology. While two-photon lithography (TPL) largely satisfies the need since its introduction, its low writing speed and high cost make it impractical for many large-scale applications. We report a digital holography-based TPL platform that realizes parallel printing with up to 2000 individually programmable laser foci to fabricate complex 3D structures with 90 nm resolution. This effectively improves the fabrication rate to 2,000,000 voxels/sec. The promising result is enabled by the polymerization kinetics under a low-repetition-rate regenerative laser amplifier, where the smallest features are defined via a single laser pulse at 1 kHz. We have fabricated large-scale metastructures and optical devices of up to centimeter-scale to validate the predicted writing speed, resolution, and cost. The results confirm our method provides an effective solution for scaling up TPL for applications beyond laboratory prototyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Ouyang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Xiayi Xu
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Wanping Lu
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ni Zhao
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong.
| | - Shih-Chi Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong.
- Centre for Perceptual and Interactive Intelligence, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.
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Veerabagu U, Palza H, Quero F. Review: Auxetic Polymer-Based Mechanical Metamaterials for Biomedical Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:2798-2824. [PMID: 35709523 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Over the last three decades but more particularly during the last 5 years, auxetic mechanical metamaterials constructed from precisely architected polymer-based materials have attracted considerable attention due to their fascinating mechanical properties. These materials present a negative Poisson's ratio and therefore unusual mechanical behavior, which has resulted in enhanced static modulus, energy adsorption, and shear resistance, as compared with the bulk properties of polymers. Novel advanced polymer processing and fabrication techniques, and in particular additive manufacturing, allow one to design complex and customizable polymer architectures that are particularly relevant to fabricate auxetic mechanical metamaterials. Although these metamaterials exhibit exotic mechanical properties with potential applications in several engineering fields, biomedical applications seem to be one of the most relevant with a growing number of articles published over recent years. As a result, special focus is needed to understand the potential of these structures and foster theoretical and experimental investigations on the potential benefits of the unusual mechanical properties of these materials on the way to high performance biomedical applications. The present Review provides up to date information on the recent progress of polymer-based auxetic mechanical metamaterials mainly fabricated using additive manufacturing methods with a special focus toward biomedical applications including tissue engineering as well as medical devices including stents and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udayakumar Veerabagu
- Laboratorio de Nanocelulosa y Biomateriales, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Biotecnología y Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Beauchef 851, Santiago 8370456, Chile
| | - Humberto Palza
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería de Polímeros, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Biotecnología y Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Beauchef 851, Santiago 8370456, Chile.,IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Avenida Beauchef 851, Santiago 8370456, Chile.,Millennium Nucleus on Smart Soft Mechanical Metamaterials, Avenida Beauchef 851, Santiago 8370456, Chile
| | - Franck Quero
- Laboratorio de Nanocelulosa y Biomateriales, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Biotecnología y Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Beauchef 851, Santiago 8370456, Chile.,Millennium Nucleus on Smart Soft Mechanical Metamaterials, Avenida Beauchef 851, Santiago 8370456, Chile
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Butkutė A, Baravykas T, Stančikas J, Tičkūnas T, Vargalis R, Paipulas D, Sirutkaitis V, Jonušauskas L. Optimization of selective laser etching (SLE) for glass micromechanical structure fabrication. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:23487-23499. [PMID: 34614613 DOI: 10.1364/oe.430623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we show how femtosecond (fs) laser-based selective glass etching (SLE) can be used to expand capabilities in fabricating 3D structures out of a single piece of glass. First, an investigation of the etching process is performed, taking into account various laser parameters and scanning strategies. These results provide critical insights into the optimization of the process allowing to increase manufacturing throughput. Afterward, various complex 3D glass structures such as microfluidic elements embedded inside the volume of glass or channel systems with integrated functional elements are produced. A single helix spring of 1 mm diameter is also made, showing the possibility to compress it by 50%. Finally, 3D structuring capabilities are used to produce an assembly-free movable ball-joint-based chain and magnet-actuated Geneva mechanism. Due to minimized friction caused by low (down to 200 nm RMS) surface roughness of SLE-produced structures, the Geneva mechanism was shown to be capable of rotating up to 2000 RPM.
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