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Wang H, Ning D, Wang L, Li H, Li Q, Ge M, Zou J, Chen S, Shao H, Lai Y, Zhang Y, Xing G, Pang WK, Tang Y. In Operando Neutron Scattering Multiple-Scale Studies of Lithium-Ion Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107491. [PMID: 35195340 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Real-time observation of the electrochemical mechanistic behavior at various scales offers new insightful information to improve the performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). As complementary to the X-ray-based techniques and electron microscopy-based methodologies, neutron scattering provides additional and unique advantages in materials research, owing to the different interactions with atomic nuclei. The non-Z-dependent elemental contrast, in addition to the high penetration ability and weak interaction with matters, makes neutron scattering an advanced probing tool for the in operando mechanistic studies of LIBs. The neutron-based techniques, such as neutron powder diffraction, small-angle neutron scattering, neutron reflectometry, and neutron imaging, have their distinct functionalities and characteristics regimes. These result in their scopes of application distributed in different battery components and covering the full spectrum of all aspects of LIBs. The review surveys the state-of-the-art developments of real-time investigation of the dynamic evolutions of electrochemically active compounds at various scales using neutron techniques. The atomic-scale, the mesoscopic-scale, and at the macroscopic-scale within LIBs during electrochemical functioning provide insightful information to battery researchers. The authors envision that this review will popularize the applications of neutron-based techniques in LIB studies and furnish important inspirations to battery researchers for the rational design of the new generation of LIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huibo Wang
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - De Ning
- Center for Photonics Information and Energy Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Litong Wang
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Heng Li
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Qingyuan Li
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Mingzheng Ge
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Junyan Zou
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Shi Chen
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Huaiyu Shao
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Yuekun Lai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Guichuan Xing
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Wei Kong Pang
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials (ISEM), Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia
| | - Yuxin Tang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Chemical Engineering of China, Quanzhou, 362801, P. R. China
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