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Minervini G, Panniello A, Dibenedetto CN, Madonia A, Fanizza E, Curri ML, Striccoli M. Exploring Carbon Dots: Green Nanomaterials for Unconventional Lasing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2403653. [PMID: 39165080 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the progress toward lighting miniaturization is focused on luminescent nanomaterials. Among them, fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) are receiving increasing attention thanks to their astonishing optical properties complemented by their intrinsic biocompatibility and low toxicity. The CDs can be easily dispersed in water, organic solvents or incorporated in polymeric matrices, preserving their emission properties. However, the relationship between their structural and optical properties is still not fully elucidated, motivating a consistent research effort for the comprehension of their features. Nevertheless, CDs demonstrate to be efficient gain materials for lasing, thanks to their high quantum yield (QY), emission tunability in the visible and near infrared (NIR) range, short lifetimes, and high absorption cross section, even if the synthetic reproducibility, the low reaction yield and the spectral width of the emission may limit their effective exploitation. This review summarizes the latest advancements in the investigation of the characteristic properties of CDs that make laser action possible, illustrating optical geometries for lasing and random lasing, both in solution and solid state, and the few currently demonstrated breakthroughs. While the journey toward their effective application is still long, the potential of CD-based laser sources is promising in various technological fields and futuristic perspectives will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Minervini
- Institute for Physical and Chemical Processes (IPCF), CNR, via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Annamaria Panniello
- Institute for Physical and Chemical Processes (IPCF), CNR, via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | | | - Antonino Madonia
- Department of Physics and Chemistry "E. Segré", University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 36, Palermo, 90123, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Fanizza
- Institute for Physical and Chemical Processes (IPCF), CNR, via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
- Chemistry Department, University of Bari, via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, INSTM, Bari Research Unit, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia Curri
- Institute for Physical and Chemical Processes (IPCF), CNR, via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
- Chemistry Department, University of Bari, via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, INSTM, Bari Research Unit, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Marinella Striccoli
- Institute for Physical and Chemical Processes (IPCF), CNR, via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, INSTM, Bari Research Unit, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
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Wang J, Zhang S, Li Y, Wu C, Zhang W, Zhang H, Xie Z, Zhou S. Ultra-Broadband Random Laser and White-Light Emissive Carbon Dots/Crystal In-Situ Hybrids. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2203152. [PMID: 36026553 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The continuous white-light emission of carbon dots (CDs) can be applied to producing multicolor laser emissions by one single medium. Meanwhile, the solid-state emission greatly contributes to its practical application. In this work, a strategy to realize the in-situ hybridization of silane-functionalized CDs (SiCDs) and 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid trimethyl ester (Et3BTC) by a one-pot solvothermal method is reported. Significantly, the SiCDs/Et3BTC hybrid crystals exhibit ultra-broadband random laser emission over the near ultraviolet-visible region under 265 nm nanosecond pulsed laser excitation. The wavelength region of laser emission is achieved from 315 to 600 nm within an emission band of CDs-based materials. It is worth noting that the wavelength range of the laser is wider than the previously reported works. It is proposed that the continuous white-light emission of SiCDs caused by multiple fluorescence centers mainly gives rise to the broadband random laser emission. Moreover, the crystals are conducive to forming resonance and realizing solid-state laser emission. This in-situ method is expected to enable a more convenient, cheaper, and greener approach to prepare luminescent hybrids for application in multicolor laser displays, multi-level laser anti-counterfeiting, supercontinuum light sources, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shaofeng Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yunfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Cuiyu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wenfei Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Xie
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shuyun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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