1
|
Dutta A, Karamikamkar S, Nofar M, Behzadfar E. Nanoporous air filtering systems made from renewable sources: benefits and challenges. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:15059-15077. [PMID: 39072362 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01688b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
There is a crucial need for air purification systems due to increasing air contamination, while conventional air-filtering materials face challenges in eliminating gaseous and particulate pollutants. This review examines the development and characteristics of nanoporous polymeric materials developed from renewable resources, which have rapidly advanced in recent years. These materials offer more sustainable alternatives for nanoporous structures made out of conventional polymers and significantly impact the properties of porous polymers. The review explores nanoporous materials' production from renewable sources, filtering mechanisms, physicochemical makeup, and sensing capabilities. The recent advancements in this field aim to enhance production techniques, lower pressure drop, and improve adsorption efficiency. Currently, supporting approaches include using adsorbent layers and binders to immobilize nanoporous materials. Furthermore, the prospects and challenges of nanoporous materials obtained from renewable sources used for air purification are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Dutta
- Sustainable Polymers Research Lab (SPRL), The Creative School, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.
- Chemical Engineering Department, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Solmaz Karamikamkar
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
| | - Mohammadreza Nofar
- Sustainable & Green Plastics Laboratory, Metallurgical & Materials Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
| | - Ehsan Behzadfar
- Sustainable Polymers Research Lab (SPRL), The Creative School, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.
- Chemical Engineering Department, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Corsi I, Venditti I, Trotta F, Punta C. Environmental safety of nanotechnologies: The eco-design of manufactured nanomaterials for environmental remediation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 864:161181. [PMID: 36581299 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanosafety is paramount considering the risks associated with manufactured nanomaterials (MNMs) whose implications could outweigh their advantages for environmental applications. Although nanotechnology-based solutions to implement pollution control, remediation and prevention are incremental with clear benefits for public health and Earth' natural ecosystems, nanoremediation is having a setback due to the risks associated with the safety of MNMs for humans and the environment. MNMs are diverse, work differently and bionano-interactions occurring upon environmental exposure will guide their fate and hazardous outcomes. Here we propose a new ecologically-based design strategy (eco-design) having its roots in green nanoscience and LCA that will ground on an Ecological Risk Assessment approach, which introduces the evaluation of MNMs' ecotoxicity along with their performances and efficacies at the design stage. As such, the proposed eco-design strategy will allow recognition and design-out since the very beginning of material synthesis, those hazardous peculiar features that can be hazardous to living beings and the natural environment. A more ecologically sound eco-design strategy in which nanosafety is conceptually included in MNMs design will sustain safer nanotechnologies including those for the environment as remediation by leveraging any risks for humans and natural ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Corsi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Iole Venditti
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University of Rome, via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Trotta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Carlo Punta
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta" and INSTM Local Unit, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Guidi P, Bernardeschi M, Palumbo M, Buttino I, Vitiello V, Scarcelli V, Chiaretti G, Fiorati A, Pellegrini D, Pontorno L, Bonciani L, Punta C, Corsi I, Frenzilli G. Eco-Friendly Engineered Nanomaterials Coupled with Filtering Fine-Mesh Net as a Promising Tool to Remediate Contaminated Freshwater Sludges: An Ecotoxicity Investigation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:396. [PMID: 36770355 PMCID: PMC9920148 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The use of eco-friendly engineered nanomaterials represents a recent solution for an effective and safe treatment of contaminated dredging sludge. In this study, an eco-designed engineered material based on cross-linked nanocellulose (CNS) was applied for the first time to decontaminate a real matrix from heavy metals (namely Zn, Ni, Cu, and Fe) and other undesired elements (mainly Ba and As) in a lab-scale study, with the aim to design a safe solution for the remediation of contaminated matrices. Contaminated freshwater sludge was treated with CNS coupled with a filtering fine-mesh net, and the obtained waters were tested for acute and sublethal toxicity. In order to check the safety of the proposed treatment system, toxicity tests were conducted by exposing the bacterium Aliivibrio fischeri and the crustacean Heterocypris incongruens, while subtoxicity biomarkers such as lysosomal membrane stability, genetic, and chromosomal damage assessment were performed on the freshwater bivalve Dreissena polymorpha. Dredging sludge was found to be genotoxic, and such genotoxicity was mitigated by the combined use of CNS and a filtering fine-mesh net. Chemical analyses confirmed the results by highlighting the abetment of target contaminants, indicating the present model as a promising tool in freshwater sludge nanoremediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Guidi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Applied Biology and Genetics, and INSTM Local Unit, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Margherita Bernardeschi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Applied Biology and Genetics, and INSTM Local Unit, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Mara Palumbo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Applied Biology and Genetics, and INSTM Local Unit, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Isabella Buttino
- Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Via del Cedro, 38, 57123 Livorno, Italy
| | - Valentina Vitiello
- Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Via del Cedro, 38, 57123 Livorno, Italy
| | - Vittoria Scarcelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Applied Biology and Genetics, and INSTM Local Unit, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Gianluca Chiaretti
- Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Via del Cedro, 38, 57123 Livorno, Italy
| | - Andrea Fiorati
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, and INSTM Local Unit, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - David Pellegrini
- Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Via del Cedro, 38, 57123 Livorno, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Pontorno
- Biochemie Lab. S.r.l, Via di Limite 27G, 50013 Campi Bisenzio, Italy
| | - Lisa Bonciani
- Biochemie Lab. S.r.l, Via di Limite 27G, 50013 Campi Bisenzio, Italy
| | - Carlo Punta
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, and INSTM Local Unit, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Ilaria Corsi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, and INSTM Local Unit, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Giada Frenzilli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Applied Biology and Genetics, and INSTM Local Unit, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Riva L, Nicastro G, Liu M, Battocchio C, Punta C, Sacchetti A. Pd-Loaded Cellulose NanoSponge as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling Reactions. Gels 2022; 8:gels8120789. [PMID: 36547313 PMCID: PMC9778444 DOI: 10.3390/gels8120789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The (eco)design and synthesis of durable heterogeneous catalysts starting from renewable sources derived from biomass waste represents an important step for reducing environmental impacts of organic transformations. Herein, we report the efficient loading of Pd(II) ions on an eco-safe cellulose-based organic support (CNS), obtained by thermal cross-linking between TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers and branched polyethyleneimine in the presence of citric acid. A 22.7% w/w Pd-loading on CNS was determined by the ICP-OES technique, while the metal distribution on the xerogel was evidenced by SEM-EDS analysis. XPS analysis confirmed the direct chelation of Pd(II) ions by means of the high number of amino groups present in the network, so that further functionalization of the support with specific ligands was not necessary. The new composite turned to be an efficient heterogeneous pre-catalyst for promoting Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions between aryl halides and phenyl boronic acid in water, obtaining yields higher than 90% in 30 min, by operating in a microwave reactor at 100 °C and with just 2% w/w of CNS-Pd catalyst with respect to aryl halides (4.5‱ for Pd). At the end of first reaction cycle, Pd(II) ions on the support resulted in being reduced to Pd(0) while maintaining the same catalytic efficiency. In fact, no leaching was observed at the end of reactions, and five cycles of recycling and reusing of CNS-Pd catalyst provided excellent results in terms of yields and selectivity in the desired products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Riva
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta” and INSTM Local Unit, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Gloria Nicastro
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta” and INSTM Local Unit, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Mingchong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta” and INSTM Local Unit, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Battocchio
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Punta
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta” and INSTM Local Unit, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC), National Research Council-CNR, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sacchetti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta” and INSTM Local Unit, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0223993017
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cellulose for the Production of Air-Filtering Systems: A Critical Review. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15030976. [PMID: 35160922 PMCID: PMC8839425 DOI: 10.3390/ma15030976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The control of airborne contaminants is of great interest in improving air quality, which has deteriorated more and more in recent years due to strong industrial growth. In the last decades, cellulose has been largely proposed as suitable feedstock to build up eco-friendly materials for a wide range of applications. Herein, the issue regarding the use of cellulose to develop air-filtering systems is addressed. The review covers different cellulose-based solutions, ranging from aerogels and foams to membranes and films, and to composites, considering either particulate filtration (PM10, PM2.5, and PM0.3) or gas and water permeation. The proposed solutions were evaluated on the bases of their quality factor (QF), whose high value (at least of 0.01 Pa-1 referred to commercial HEPA (high-efficiency particulate air) filters) guarantees the best compromise between high filtration efficiency (>99%) and low pressure drop (<1 kPa/g). To face this aspect, we first analyzed the different morphological aspects which can improve the final filtration performance, outlining the importance on using nanofibers not only to increase surface area and to modulate porosity in final solutions, but also as reinforcement of filters made of different materials. Besides the description of technological approaches to improve the mechanical filtration, selected examples show the importance of the chemical interaction, promoted by the introduction of active functional groups on cellulose (nano)fibers backbone, to improve filtration efficiency without reducing filter porosity.
Collapse
|