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Younis O, Abderrahmane A, Hatami M, Mourad A, Guedri K. Nanoencapsulated phase change material in a trapezoidal prism wall under the magnetic field effect for energy storage purposes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16060. [PMID: 37749273 PMCID: PMC10520007 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43394-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, Nano-encapsulated phase change materials (NEPCM) have attracted the attention of researchers due to their promising application in thermal management. This research investigates magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection of NEPCM contained within a lid-driven trapezoidal prism enclosure containing a hot-centered elliptical obstacle. The upper cavity wall is moving at a constant velocity; both inclined walls are cold, while the rest of the walls are insulated. The Galerkin Finite Element Method was used to solve the system's governing equations. The influence of Reynolds number (Re 1-500), Hartmann number (Ha = 0-100), NEPCM volumetric fraction φ (0-8%), and elliptical obstacle orientation α (0-3π/4) on thermal fields and flow patterns are introduced and analyzed. The results indicated that the maximum heat transfer rate is observed when the hot elliptic obstacle is oriented at 90°; an increment of 6% in the Nu number is obtained in this orientation compared to other orientations. Reducing Ha from 100 to 0 increased Nu by 14%. The Maximum value of the Bejan number was observed for the case of Ha = 0, α = 90° and φ = 0.08.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obai Younis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering in Wadi Alddawasir, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Wadi Alddawasir, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aissa Abderrahmane
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique de la Matière et Modélisation Mathématique (LPQ3M), University of Mascara, Mascara, Algeria
| | - Mohammad Hatami
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Esfarayen University of Technology, Esfarayen, North Khorasan, Iran.
| | - Abed Mourad
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique de la Matière et Modélisation Mathématique (LPQ3M), University of Mascara, Mascara, Algeria
| | - Kamel Guedri
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 5555, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Murshed SMS. Heat Transfer and Fluids Properties of Nanofluids. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1182. [PMID: 37049276 PMCID: PMC10096965 DOI: 10.3390/nano13071182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
As it is popular research field, extensive research has been performed in various areas of nanofluids, and most of the studies have demonstrated significant enhancements in their thermophysical properties and thermal transport performance compared to those of conventional thermal fluids. However, there have been unanimous conclusions regarding such enhancements and their underlying mechanisms. Nanofluids' potential and thermal applications mainly depend on their convective and boiling heat transfer performances, which are also not unbiased in the literature. On top of this, a major challenge with nanofluids is obtaining sustainable stability and persistent properties over a long duration. All these issues are very crucial for nanofluids' development and applications, and a lot of research in these areas has been conducted in recent years. Thus, this Special Issue, featuring a dozen of high-quality research and reviews on different types of nanofluids and their important topics related to thermophysical and electrical properties as well as convective and boiling heat transfer characteristics, is of great significance for the progress and real-world applications of this new class of fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Sohel Murshed
- IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Tecnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
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Abderrahmane A, Qasem NAA, Mourad A, Al-Khaleel M, Said Z, Guedri K, Younis O, Marzouki R. Enhancing the Melting Process of Shell-and-Tube PCM Thermal Energy Storage Unit Using Modified Tube Design. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3078. [PMID: 36080114 PMCID: PMC9457914 DOI: 10.3390/nano12173078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Recently, phase change materials (PCMs) have gained great attention from engineers and researchers due to their exceptional properties for thermal energy storing, which would effectively aid in reducing carbon footprint and support the global transition of using renewable energy. The current research attempts to enhance the thermal performance of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger by means of using PCM and a modified tube design. The enthalpy-porosity method is employed for modelling the phase change. Paraffin wax is treated as PCM and poured within the annulus; the annulus comprises a circular shell and a fined wavy (trefoil-shaped) tube. In addition, copper nanoparticles are incorporated with the base PCM to enhance the thermal conductivity and melting rate. Effects of many factors, including nanoparticle concentration, the orientation of the interior wavy tube, and the fin length, were examined. Results obtained from the current model imply that Cu nanoparticles added to PCM materials improve thermal and melting properties while reducing entropy formation. The highest results (27% decrease in melting time) are obtained when a concentration of nanoparticles of 8% is used. Additionally, the fins' location is critical because fins with 45° inclination could achieve a 50% expedition in the melting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aissa Abderrahmane
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique de la Matière et Modélisation Mathématique (LPQ3M), University Mustapha Stambouli of Mascara, Mascara 29000, Algeria
| | - Naef A. A. Qasem
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abed Mourad
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique de la Matière et Modélisation Mathématique (LPQ3M), University Mustapha Stambouli of Mascara, Mascara 29000, Algeria
| | - Mohammad Al-Khaleel
- Department of Mathematics, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Mathematics, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Zafar Said
- Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
- U.S.-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Kamel Guedri
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Obai Younis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering in Wadi Addwasir, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 16278, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Khartoum, Khartoum 11111, Sudan
| | - Riadh Marzouki
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia
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Abderrahmane A, Al-Khaleel M, Mourad A, Laidoudi H, Driss Z, Younis O, Guedri K, Marzouki R. Natural Convection within Inversed T-Shaped Enclosure Filled by Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material: Numerical Investigation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12172917. [PMID: 36079952 PMCID: PMC9457750 DOI: 10.3390/nano12172917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Energy saving has always been a topic of great interest. The usage of nano-enhanced phase change material NePCM is one of the energy-saving methods that has gained increasing interest. In the current report, we intend to simulate the natural convection flow of NePCM inside an inverse T-shaped enclosure. The complex nature of the flow results from the following factors: the enclosure contains a hot trapezoidal fin on the bottom wall, the enclosure is saturated with pours media, and it is exposed to a magnetic field. The governing equations of the studied system are numerically addressed by the higher order Galerkin finite element method (GFEM). The impacts of the Darcy number (Da = 10-2-10-5), Rayleigh number (Ra = 103-106), nanoparticle volume fraction (φ = 0-0.08), and Hartmann number (Ha = 0-100) are analyzed. The results indicate that both local and average Nusselt numbers were considerably affected by Ra and Da values, while the influence of other parameters was negligible. Increasing Ra (increasing buoyancy force) from 103 to 106 enhanced the maximum average Nusselt number by 740%, while increasing Da (increasing the permeability) from 10-5 to 10-2 enhanced both the maximum average Nusselt number and the maximum local Nusselt number by the same rate (360%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aissa Abderrahmane
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique de la Matière et Modélisation Mathématique (LPQ3M), University Mustapha Stambouli of Mascara, Mascara 29000, Algeria
| | - Mohammad Al-Khaleel
- Department of Mathematics, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Mathematics, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Abed Mourad
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique de la Matière et Modélisation Mathématique (LPQ3M), University Mustapha Stambouli of Mascara, Mascara 29000, Algeria
| | - Houssem Laidoudi
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sciences and the Technology of Oran, Oran 31000, Algeria
| | - Zied Driss
- Laboratory of Electromechanical Systems (LASEM), National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax (US), B.P. 1173, Road Soukra km 3.5, Sfax 3038, Tunisia
| | - Obai Younis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering in Wadi Addwasir, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Wadi Addwasir 11911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamel Guedri
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 5555, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riad Marzouki
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia
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A Numerical Investigation of a Melting Rate Enhancement inside a Thermal Energy Storage System of Finned Heat Pipe with Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12152519. [PMID: 35893487 PMCID: PMC9331441 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Thermal energy storage via the use of latent heat and phase transition materials is a popular technology in energy storage systems. It is vital to research different thermal enhancement techniques to further improve phase transition materials’ weak thermal conductivity in these systems. This work addresses the creation of a basic shell and a tube thermal storage device with wavy outer walls. Then, two key methods for thermal augmentation are discussed: fins and the use of a nano-enhanced phase change material (NePCM). Using the enthalpy–porosity methodology, a numerical model is developed to highlight the viability of designing such a model utilizing reduced assumptions, both for engineering considerations and real-time predictive control methods. Different concentrations of copper nanoparticles (0, 2, and 4 vol%) and wavenumbers (4,6 and 8) are investigated in order to obtain the best heat transmission and acceleration of the melting process. The time required to reach total melting in the studied TES system is reduced by 14% and 31% in the examined TES system, respectively, when NePCM (4 vol% nanoparticles) and N = 8 are used instead of pure PCM and N = 4. The finding from this investigation could be used to design a shell-and-tube base thermal energy storage unit.
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Ahmed S, Abderrahmane A, Saeed AM, Guedri K, Mourad A, Younes O, Botmart T, Shah NA. Melting enhancement of PCM in a finned tube latent heat thermal energy storage. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11521. [PMID: 35798795 PMCID: PMC9262962 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15797-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The current paper discusses the numerical simulation results of the NePCM melting process inside an annulus thermal storage system. The TES system consists of a wavy shell wall and a cylindrical tube equipped with three fins. The enthalpy-porosity method was utilized to address the transient behavior of the melting process, while the Galerkin FE technique was used to solve the system governing equations. The results were displayed for different inner tube positions (right-left–up and down), inner cylinder rotation angle (0 ≤ α ≤ 3π/2), and the nano-additives concentration (0 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.04). The findings indicated that high values of nano-additives concentration (0.4), bigger values of tube rotation angle (3π/2), and location of the tube at the lower position accelerated the NePCM melting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Ahmed
- College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
| | - Aissa Abderrahmane
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique de La Matière et Modélisation Mathématique (LPQ3M), University of Mascara, Algeria, Algeria
| | - Abdulkafi Mohammed Saeed
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraydah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamel Guedri
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 5555, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abed Mourad
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique de La Matière et Modélisation Mathématique (LPQ3M), University of Mascara, Algeria, Algeria
| | - Obai Younes
- College of Engineering at Wadi Addwaser, Mechanical Engineering Department, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, WadiAddwaser, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thongchai Botmart
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
| | - Nehad Ali Shah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
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Maneengam A, Ahmed SE, Saeed AM, Abderrahmane A, Younis O, Guedri K, Alhazmi M, Weera W. Numerical Study of Heat Transfer Enhancement within Confined Shell and Tube Latent Heat Thermal Storage Microsystem Using Hexagonal PCMs. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13071062. [PMID: 35888878 PMCID: PMC9318407 DOI: 10.3390/mi13071062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Thermophoresis represents one of the most common methods of directing micromachines. Enhancement of heat transfer rates are of economic interest for micromachine operation. This study aims to examine the heat transfer enhancement within the shell and tube latent heat thermal storage system (LHTSS) using PCMs (Phase Change Materials). The enthalpy–porosity approach is applied to formulate the melting situation and various shapes of inner heated fins are considered. The solution methodology is based on the Galerkin finite element analyses and wide ranges of the nanoparticle volume fraction are assumed, i.e., (0% ≤ φ ≤ 6%). The system entropy and the optimization of irreversibility are analyzed using the second law of the thermodynamics. The key outcomes revealed that the flow features, hexagonal entropy, and melting rate might be adjusted by varying the number of heated fins. Additionally, in case 4 where eight heated fins are considered, the highest results for the average liquid percentage are obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apichit Maneengam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, College of Industrial Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand;
| | - Sameh E. Ahmed
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdulkafi Mohammed Saeed
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Mathematics, College of Education, Hodeidah University, P.O. Box 3114, Al-Hudaydah 207416, Yemen
| | - Aissa Abderrahmane
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique de la Matière et Modélisation Mathématique (LPQ3M), University of Mascara, Mascara 29000, Algeria;
| | - Obai Younis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering at Wadi Addwaser, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11991, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Kamel Guedri
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muflih Alhazmi
- Mathematics Department, Faculty of Science, Northern Border University, Arar 73222, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Wajaree Weera
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Correspondence:
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