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Xu Y, Du Y, Chen H, Chen J, Ding T, Sun D, Kim DH, Lin Z, Zhou X. Recent advances in rational design for high-performance potassium-ion batteries. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:7202-7298. [PMID: 38855863 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00601h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The growing global energy demand necessitates the development of renewable energy solutions to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. To efficiently utilize renewable yet intermittent energy sources such as solar and wind power, there is a critical need for large-scale energy storage systems (EES) with high electrochemical performance. While lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been successfully used for EES, the surging demand and price, coupled with limited supply of crucial metals like lithium and cobalt, raised concerns about future sustainability. In this context, potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) have emerged as promising alternatives to commercial LIBs. Leveraging the low cost of potassium resources, abundant natural reserves, and the similar chemical properties of lithium and potassium, PIBs exhibit excellent potassium ion transport kinetics in electrolytes. This review starts from the fundamental principles and structural regulation of PIBs, offering a comprehensive overview of their current research status. It covers cathode materials, anode materials, electrolytes, binders, and separators, combining insights from full battery performance, degradation mechanisms, in situ/ex situ characterization, and theoretical calculations. We anticipate that this review will inspire greater interest in the development of high-efficiency PIBs and pave the way for their future commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yichen Du
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Han Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore.
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore.
| | - Tangjing Ding
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Dongmei Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Dong Ha Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore.
| | - Xiaosi Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Liu W, Xu J, Kan WH, Yin W. Enhancing Ionic Transport and Structural Stability of Lithium-Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes via Local Structure Regulation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302912. [PMID: 37312398 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-rich manganese-based layered oxides (LRM) have garnered considerable attention as cathode materials due to their superior performance. However, the inherent structural degradation and obstruction of ion transport during cycling lead to capacity and voltage decay, impeding their practical applications. Herein, an Sb-doped LRM material with local spinel phase is reported, which has good compatibility with the layered structure and provides 3D Li+ diffusion channels to accelerate Li+ transport. Additionally, the strong Sb-O bond enhances the stability of the layered structure. Differential electrochemical mass spectrometry indicates that highly electronegative Sb doping effectively suppresses the release of oxygen in the crystal structure and mitigates successive electrolyte decomposition, thereby reducing structural degradation of the material. As a result of this dual-functional design, the 0.5 Sb-doped material with local spinel phases exhibits favorable cycling stability, retaining 81.7% capacity after 300 cycles at 1C, and an average discharge voltage of 1.87 mV per cycle, which is far superior to untreated material with retention values of 28.8% and 3.43 mV, respectively. This study systematically introduces Sb doping and regulates local spinel phases to facilitate ion transport and alleviate structural degradation of LRM, thereby suppressing capacity and voltage fading, and improving the electrochemical performance of batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan, 523803, P. R. China
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Juping Xu
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan, 523803, P. R. China
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wang Hay Kan
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan, 523803, P. R. China
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wen Yin
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan, 523803, P. R. China
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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Medvedeva A, Makhonina E, Pechen L, Politov Y, Rumyantsev A, Koshtyal Y, Goloveshkin A, Maslakov K, Eremenko I. Effect of Al and Fe Doping on the Electrochemical Behavior of Li 1.2Ni 0.133Mn 0.534Co 0.133O 2 Li-Rich Cathode Material. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8225. [PMID: 36431711 PMCID: PMC9697585 DOI: 10.3390/ma15228225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This article studies the doping of Li-rich cathode materials. Aluminum and iron were chosen as dopants. Li-rich cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries, which were composed of Li1.2Ni0.133Mn0.534Co0.133O2 with a partial replacement of cobalt (2 at %) by iron and aluminum, were synthesized. The dopants were introduced at the precursor synthesis stage by co-precipitation. The presence of Fe and Al in the composition of the synthesized samples was proved by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, X-ray diffraction analysis and X-ray microanalysis. The cathode materials were tested electrochemically. The incorporation of Al and Fe into the structure of lithium-enriched materials improved the cyclability and reduced the voltage fade of the cathodes. An analysis of the electrochemical data showed that the structural changes that occur in the initial cycles are different for the doped and starting materials and affect their cycling stability. The partial cation substitution suppressed the unfavorable phase transition to lower-voltage structures and improved the electrochemical performance of the materials under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Medvedeva
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Makhonina
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Lidia Pechen
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yury Politov
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksander Rumyantsev
- Ioffe Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Politekhnicheskaya ul., 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yury Koshtyal
- Ioffe Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Politekhnicheskaya ul., 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander Goloveshkin
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova ul., 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin Maslakov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Eremenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Pechen L, Makhonina E, Medvedeva A, Politov Y, Rumyantsev A, Koshtyal Y, Goloveshkin A, Eremenko I. Influence of the Composition and Testing Modes on the Electrochemical Performance of Li-Rich Cathode Materials. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4054. [PMID: 36432339 PMCID: PMC9693166 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Li-rich oxides are promising cathode materials for Li-ion batteries. In this work, a number of different compositions of Li-rich materials and various electrochemical testing modes were investigated. The structure, chemical composition, and morphology of the materials synthesized were studied by XRD with Rietveld refinement, ICP-OES, and SEM. The particle size distributions were determined by a laser analyzer. The galvanostatic intermittent titration technique and galvanostatic cycling with different potential limits at various current densities were used to study the materials. The electrochemical study showed that gradual increase in the upper voltage limit (formation cycles) was needed to improve further cycling of the cathode materials under study. A comparison of the data obtained in different voltage ranges showed that a lower cut-off potential of 2.5 V (2.5-4.7 V range) was required for a good cyclability with a high discharge capacity. An increase in the low cut-off potential to 3.0 V (3.0-4.8 V voltage range) did not improve the electrochemical performance of the oxides and, on the contrary, considerably decreased the discharge capacity and increased the capacity fade. The LMR35 cathode material (Li1.149Ni0.184Mn0.482Co0.184O2) demonstrated the best functional properties among all the compositions studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Pechen
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Makhonina
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Medvedeva
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yury Politov
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksander Rumyantsev
- Ioffe Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Politekhnicheskaya ul., 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yury Koshtyal
- Ioffe Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Politekhnicheskaya ul., 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander Goloveshkin
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova ul., 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Eremenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
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