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Miu BA, Voinea IC, Diamandescu L, Dinischiotu A. MRC-5 Human Lung Fibroblasts Alleviate the Genotoxic Effect of Fe-N Co-Doped Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles through an OGG1/2-Dependent Reparatory Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076401. [PMID: 37047374 PMCID: PMC10094865 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study was focused on the potential of pure P25 TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) and Fe(1%)-N co-doped P25 TiO2 NPs to induce cyto- and genotoxic effects in MRC-5 human pulmonary fibroblasts. The oxidative lesions of P25 NPs were reflected in the amount of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine accumulated in DNA and the lysosomal damage produced, but iron-doping partially suppressed these effects. However, neither P25 nor Fe(1%)-N co-doped P25 NPs had such a serious effect of inducing DNA fragmentation or activating apoptosis signaling. Moreover, oxo-guanine glycosylase 1/2, a key enzyme of the base excision repair mechanism, was overexpressed in response to the oxidative DNA deterioration induced by P25 and P25-Fe(1%)-N NPs.
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Matias ML, Reis-Machado AS, Rodrigues J, Calmeiro T, Deuermeier J, Pimentel A, Fortunato E, Martins R, Nunes D. Microwave Synthesis of Visible-Light-Activated g-C 3N 4/TiO 2 Photocatalysts. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1090. [PMID: 36985984 PMCID: PMC10057508 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of visible-light-driven photocatalysts has become highly appealing for environmental remediation through simple, fast and green chemical methods. The current study reports the synthesis and characterization of graphitic carbon nitride/titanium dioxide (g-C3N4/TiO2) heterostructures through a fast (1 h) and simple microwave-assisted approach. Different g-C3N4 amounts mixed with TiO2 (15, 30 and 45 wt. %) were investigated for the photocatalytic degradation of a recalcitrant azo dye (methyl orange (MO)) under solar simulating light. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the anatase TiO2 phase for the pure material and all heterostructures produced. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that by increasing the amount of g-C3N4 in the synthesis, large TiO2 aggregates composed of irregularly shaped particles were disintegrated and resulted in smaller ones, composing a film that covered the g-C3N4 nanosheets. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) analyses confirmed the existence of an effective interface between a g-C3N4 nanosheet and a TiO2 nanocrystal. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) evidenced no chemical alterations to both g-C3N4 and TiO2 at the heterostructure. The visible-light absorption shift was indicated by the red shift in the absorption onset through the ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption spectra. The 30 wt. % of g-C3N4/TiO2 heterostructure showed the best photocatalytic performance, with a MO dye degradation of 85% in 4 h, corresponding to an enhanced efficiency of almost 2 and 10 times greater than that of pure TiO2 and g-C3N4 nanosheets, respectively. Superoxide radical species were found to be the most active radical species in the MO photodegradation process. The creation of a type-II heterostructure is highly suggested due to the negligible participation of hydroxyl radical species in the photodegradation process. The superior photocatalytic activity was attributed to the synergy of g-C3N4 and TiO2 materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Leonor Matias
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana S. Reis-Machado
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Joana Rodrigues
- Physics Department & I3N, Aveiro University, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tomás Calmeiro
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Jonas Deuermeier
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Pimentel
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Elvira Fortunato
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Martins
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Daniela Nunes
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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Preda S, Pandele-Cușu J, Petrescu SV, Ciobanu EM, Petcu G, Culiță DC, Apostol NG, Costescu RM, Raut I, Constantin M, Predoană L. Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Properties of Doped TiO2 Nanopowders Synthesized by Sol−Gel Method. Gels 2022; 8:gels8100673. [PMID: 36286174 PMCID: PMC9601293 DOI: 10.3390/gels8100673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For environmental applications, nanosized TiO2-based materials are known as the most important photocatalyst and are intensively studied for their advantages such as their higher activity, lower price, and chemical and photoresist properties. Zn or Cu doped TiO2 nanoparticles with anatase crystalline structure were synthesized by sol−gel process. Titanium (IV) butoxide was used as a TiO2 precursor, with parental alcohol as a solvent, and a hydrolysing agent (ammonia-containing water) was added to obtain a solution with pH 10. The gels were characterized by TG/DTA analysis, SEM, and XPS. Based on TG/DTA results, the temperature of 500 °C was chosen for processing the powders in air. The structure of the samples thermally treated at 500 °C was analysed by XRD and the patterns show crystallization in a single phase of TiO2 (anatase). The surface of the samples and the oxidation states was investigated by XPS, confirming the presence of Ti, O, Zn and Cu. The antibacterial activity of the nanoparticle powder samples was verified using the gram−positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. The photocatalytic efficiency of the doped TiO2 nanopowders for degradation of methyl orange (MO) is here examined in order to evaluate the potential applications of these materials for environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silviu Preda
- Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu” of the Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Jeanina Pandele-Cușu
- Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu” of the Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Simona Viorica Petrescu
- Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu” of the Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Mădălina Ciobanu
- Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu” of the Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela Petcu
- Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu” of the Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniela C. Culiță
- Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu” of the Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nicoleta G. Apostol
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomiștilor 405A, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
| | - Ruxandra M. Costescu
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomiștilor 405A, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
| | - Iuliana Raut
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry & Petrochemistry−ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Constantin
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry & Petrochemistry−ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 16 Gh. Sincai, 040441 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Luminița Predoană
- Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu” of the Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +4-021-318-85-95
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