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Cancelliere R, Cosio T, Campione E, Corvino M, D’Amico MP, Micheli L, Signori E, Contini G. Label-free electrochemical immunosensor as a reliable point-of-care device for the detection of Interleukin-6 in serum samples from patients with psoriasis. Front Chem 2023; 11:1251360. [PMID: 38025060 PMCID: PMC10667553 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1251360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a crucial role in autoimmunity and chronic inflammation. This study aims to develop a low-cost, simple-to-manufacture, and user-friendly label-free electrochemical point-of-care device for the rapid detection of IL-6 in patients with psoriasis. Precisely, a sandwich-based format immunosensor was developed using two primary antibodies (mAb-IL6 clone-5 and clone-7) and screen-printed electrodes modified with an inexpensive recycling electrochemical enhancing material, called biochar. mAb-IL6 clone-5 was used as a covalently immobilized capture bioreceptor on modified electrodes, and mAb-IL6 clone-7 was used to recognize the immunocomplex (Anti-IL6 clone-5 and IL-6) and form the sandwich. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to conduct electrochemical characterization of the layer-by-layer assembly of the immunosensor, while square wave voltammetry (SWV) was used to perform the sensing. The developed immunosensor demonstrated robust analytical performance in buffer solution, with a wide linear range (LR) by varying from 2 to 250 pg/mL, a good limit of detection (LOD) of 0.78 pg/mL and reproducibility (RSD<7%). In addition, a spectrophotometric ELISA kit was employed to validate the results obtained with the label-free device by analyzing twenty-five serum samples from control and patients affected by psoriasis. A strong correlation in terms of pg/mL concentration of IL-6 was found comparing the two methods, with the advantage for our label-free biosensor of an ease use and a quicker detection time. Based on IL-6 levels, the proposed immunosensor is a dependable, non-invasive screening device capable of predicting disease onset, progression, and treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Cancelliere
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Terenzio Cosio
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Elena Campione
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Martina Corvino
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Pia D’Amico
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Laura Micheli
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Emanuela Signori
- Istituto di Farmacologia Traslazionale-CNR (IFT-CNR), Roma, Italy
| | - Giorgio Contini
- Istituto di Struttura Della Materia-CNR (ISM-CNR), Roma, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
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Agrahari S, Singh AK, Gautam RK, Tiwari I. Electrochemical oxidation and sensing of para benzoquinone using a novel SPE based disposable sensor. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 342:140078. [PMID: 37714484 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Para-benzoquinone (PBQ) is an emerging micro-contaminant owing to its chronic toxicity to plants and animals as well as its potential to induce cytotoxicity in primary rat hepatocytes and kidney cell injury. Hence, it is of utmost importance to monitor this contaminant in industrial wastewater and groundwater. In this article, we devised a unique disposable sensor that is based on a screen-printed electrode using MnO2@Co-Ni MOFs/fMWCNTs nanocomposite and is able to detect PBQ. The as-produced nanocomposite was prepared via ultrasonic assisted reflux condition and thoroughly examined by several physicochemical characterisation methods such as SEM, EDX, TEM, Raman, AFM, UV-visible, and FT-IR. Moreover, electrochemical methods like CV, DPV, EIS, and chronoamperometry were used for detecting PBQ on MnO2@Co-Ni MOFs/fMWCNTs/SPCE. Sensor performance has been investigated thoroughly and optimized to enhance the analytical potential of the fabricated sensor. DPV analysis was done on MnO2@Co-Ni MOFs/fMWCNTs that exhibit high selectivity, low peak potential, a broader linear detection range (0.005 mM-30 mM), and a LOD of 0.0027 ± 0.0005 mM. The designed electrode has shown remarkable reproducibility and excellent repeatability, with relative standard deviations of 0.12%, and 0.17%, respectively. Additionally, MnO2@Co-Ni MOFs/fMWCNTs/SPCE have been used to analyse PBQ in industrial wastewater samples, and the results have shown a significant level of recovery between 96.91 and 105.67%. Moreover, the PBQ sensor displays high applicability and was verified via the use of HPLC techniques. This disposable sensor is quick, easy, and cost-effective, so it can be useful in the future for analysing other phenolic contaminants present in environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreanshi Agrahari
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study), Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
| | - Ankit Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study), Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
| | - Ravindra Kumar Gautam
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study), Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
| | - Ida Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study), Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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Cancelliere R, Rea G, Micheli L, Mantegazza P, Bauer EM, El Khouri A, Tempesta E, Altomare A, Capelli D, Capitelli F. Electrochemical and Structural Characterization of Lanthanum-Doped Hydroxyapatite: A Promising Material for Sensing Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4522. [PMID: 37444835 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
In the quest to find powerful modifiers of screen-printed electrodes for sensing applications, a set of rare earth-doped Ca10-xREx(PO4)6(OH)2 (RE = La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Dy, and Tm and x = 0.01, 0.02, 0.10, and 0.20) hydroxyapatite (HAp) samples were subjected to an in-depth electrochemical characterization using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic and square wave voltammetry. Among all of these, the inorganic phosphates doped with lanthanum proved to be the most reliable, revealing robust analytical performances in terms of sensitivity, repeatability, reproducibility, and reusability, hence paving the way for their exploitation in sensing applications. Structural data on La-doped HAp samples were also provided by using different techniques, including optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Rietveld refinement from X-ray data, Fourier transform infrared, and Raman vibrational spectroscopies, to complement the electrochemical characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Cancelliere
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Rea
- Institute of Crystallography (IC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00016 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Micheli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Mantegazza
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Elvira Maria Bauer
- Institute of Structure of Matter (ISM), National Research Council (CNR), Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00016 Rome, Italy
| | - Asmaa El Khouri
- Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, BP 2390, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Emanuela Tempesta
- Institute of Environmental Geology and Geoengineering (IGAG), National Research Council (CNR), Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00016 Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Altomare
- Institute of Crystallography (IC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola 122/o, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - Davide Capelli
- Institute of Crystallography (IC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00016 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Capitelli
- Institute of Crystallography (IC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00016 Rome, Italy
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Zhang Y, Fu R, Lu Q, Ren T, Guo X, Di X. Switchable hydrophilicity solvent for extraction of pollutants in food and environmental samples: A review. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
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Falina S, Anuar K, Shafiee SA, Juan JC, Manaf AA, Kawarada H, Syamsul M. Two-Dimensional Non-Carbon Materials-Based Electrochemical Printed Sensors: An Updated Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22239358. [PMID: 36502059 PMCID: PMC9735910 DOI: 10.3390/s22239358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Recently, there has been increasing interest in electrochemical printed sensors for a wide range of applications such as biomedical, pharmaceutical, food safety, and environmental fields. A major challenge is to obtain selective, sensitive, and reliable sensing platforms that can meet the stringent performance requirements of these application areas. Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials advances have accelerated the performance of electrochemical sensors towards more practical approaches. This review discusses the recent development of electrochemical printed sensors, with emphasis on the integration of non-carbon 2D materials as sensing platforms. A brief introduction to printed electrochemical sensors and electrochemical technique analysis are presented in the first section of this review. Subsequently, sensor surface functionalization and modification techniques including drop-casting, electrodeposition, and printing of functional ink are discussed. In the next section, we review recent insights into novel fabrication methodologies, electrochemical techniques, and sensors' performances of the most used transition metal dichalcogenides materials (such as MoS2, MoSe2, and WS2), MXenes, and hexagonal boron-nitride (hBN). Finally, the challenges that are faced by electrochemical printed sensors are highlighted in the conclusion. This review is not only useful to provide insights for researchers that are currently working in the related area, but also instructive to the ones new to this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaili Falina
- Collaborative Microelectronic Design Excellence Center (CEDEC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Sains@USM, Bayan Lepas 11900, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Khairu Anuar
- Collaborative Microelectronic Design Excellence Center (CEDEC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Sains@USM, Bayan Lepas 11900, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Saiful Arifin Shafiee
- Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Joon Ching Juan
- Nanotechnology & Catalyst Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute of Postgraduate Studies, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Asrulnizam Abd Manaf
- Collaborative Microelectronic Design Excellence Center (CEDEC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Sains@USM, Bayan Lepas 11900, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Hiroshi Kawarada
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
- The Kagami Memorial Laboratory for Materials Science and Technology, Waseda University, 2-8-26 Nishiwaseda, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-0051, Japan
| | - Mohd Syamsul
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
- Institute of Nano Optoelectronics Research and Technology (INOR), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Sains@USM, Bayan Lepas 11900, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Molinara M, Cancelliere R, Di Tinno A, Ferrigno L, Shuba M, Kuzhir P, Maffucci A, Micheli L. A Deep Learning Approach to Organic Pollutants Classification Using Voltammetry. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22208032. [PMID: 36298383 PMCID: PMC9608622 DOI: 10.3390/s22208032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes a deep leaning technique for accurate detection and reliable classification of organic pollutants in water. The pollutants are detected by means of cyclic voltammetry characterizations made by using low-cost disposable screen-printed electrodes. The paper demonstrates the possibility of strongly improving the detection of such platforms by modifying them with nanomaterials. The classification is addressed by using a deep learning approach with convolutional neural networks. To this end, the results of the voltammetry analysis are transformed into equivalent RGB images by means of Gramian angular field transformations. The proposed technique is applied to the detection and classification of hydroquinone and benzoquinone, which are particularly challenging since these two pollutants have a similar electroactivity and thus the voltammetry curves exhibit overlapping peaks. The modification of electrodes by carbon nanotubes improves the sensitivity of a factor of about ×25, whereas the convolution neural network after Gramian transformation correctly classifies 100% of the experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Molinara
- Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, 03043 Cassino, Italy
| | - Rocco Cancelliere
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Di Tinno
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Ferrigno
- Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, 03043 Cassino, Italy
| | - Mikhail Shuba
- Center of Physical Science and Technologies, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Polina Kuzhir
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Eastern Finland, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Antonio Maffucci
- Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, 03043 Cassino, Italy
- INFN, Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Laura Micheli
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
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