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do Nascimento WC, Ramo LB, da Silva FF, C U Araujo M, I E de Andrade S, Bichinho KM. One-step microwave-assisted synthesis of fluorescent carbon quantum dots for determination of ascorbic acid and riboflavin in vitamin supplements. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 321:124669. [PMID: 38909560 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) using chemical precursors with different organic groups is a strategy to improve optical properties and expand applications in several fields of research such as Analytical Chemistry. Ascorbic acid and riboflavin are widely used in human food supplementation, making quality monitoring of these vitamin supplements relevant and necessary. In this work, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic, sodium thiosulfate and urea were applied to obtain CQDs through a single-step microwave-assisted synthesis. The CQDs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, zeta potential measurements, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited satisfactory and stable optical properties with luminescence at 430 nm, water solubility, and fluorescence quantum yield of 8.9 %. They were applied in the quantification of ascorbic acid and riboflavin in vitamin supplements. The fluorescence mechanisms observed were dynamic quenching for the CQDs/Cr(VI) sensor, followed by a return of fluorescence in the presence of ascorbic acid, and static quenching and inner filter effect in the interaction with riboflavin. Factorial designs 23 and 24 were used to optimize the analytical parameters. The CQDs/Cr(VI) sensor used in the determination of ascorbic acid, employing an on-off-on strategy, resulted in a linear range of 0.5 to 50 µg mL-1 and a limit of detection of 0.15 µg mL-1. The ratiometric fluorescence used in the determination of riboflavin resulted in a linear range of 0.1 to 7 µg mL-1 and a limit of detection of 0.09 µg mL-1. The analytical results for ascorbic acid were compared to the reference method of the Brazilian pharmacopeia, showing accuracy and precision according to the Brazilian Health Regulation Agency. Therefore, the synthesized CQDs were used to determine ascorbic acid and riboflavin in vitamin supplements, and the application of this nanomaterial can be expanded to different analytes and matrices, using simple and low-cost analysis techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wallis C do Nascimento
- Universidade Federal Da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Da Natureza, Departamento de Química, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil.
| | - Luciano B Ramo
- Universidade Federal Da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Da Natureza, Departamento de Química, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil.
| | - Fausthon F da Silva
- Universidade Federal Da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Da Natureza, Departamento de Química, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil.
| | - Mario C U Araujo
- Universidade Federal Da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Da Natureza, Departamento de Química, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil.
| | - Stéfani I E de Andrade
- Universidade Federal Da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Da Natureza, Departamento de Química, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil.
| | - Kátia M Bichinho
- Universidade Federal Da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Da Natureza, Departamento de Química, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil.
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Li X, Wu J, Zhu X. Multi-component determination based on high quantum yield "on-off-on" carbon quantum dots sensor. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 307:123662. [PMID: 37984116 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The nitrogen(N)-sulfur(S)-sodium(Na(I)) co-doped carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method, which exhibited a remarkably high fluorescence quantum yield (24.58%) and exceptional optical properties. The fluorescence "on-off-on" sensor was constructed. The fluorescence of CQDs was rapidly quenched with Fe(III) and the fluorescence recovered by ascorbic acid (Asc) partially and arginine (Arg)/histidine (His) completely. The CQDs fluorescence sensor demonstrated rapid response, exceptional sensitivity, excellent stability, remarkable selectivity, and robust anti-interference performance, which was feasible to simultaneously determine the concentrations of multiple analytes in the sample with satisfactory recovery rates. The "on-off-on" fluorescence mechanism of CQDs was investigated, revealing the significant potential of carbon nano-functionalized materials in the field of drug detection through fluorescence sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Guangling, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Jun Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Guangling, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Xiashi Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Guangling, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China.
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Li X, Wu J, Zhu X. One-step hydrothermal preparation of chiral carbon quantum dots and enantioselective sensing of glutamine enantiomeric isomers. LUMINESCENCE 2023. [PMID: 38041512 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel method for chiral identification of glutamine enantiomers based on chiral carbon quantum dots (cCQDs) fluorescent probes. cCQDs were prepared using a one-step hydrothermal method with L-tryptophan as the carbon source and chiral source, producing spherical nanoparticles exhibiting a blue colour luminescence. The fluorescence intensity (F) of cCQDs was enhanced or quenched following the addition of chiral enantiomeric glutamine (L/D-Gln), and therefore cCQDs, as a fluorescence probe, could be used for enantioselective sensing of the L/D-Gln. The fluorescence enhancement value (∆FE ) exhibited good linearity with L-Gln concentration in the range 0.23-10.00 mM, and the limit of detection was 0.14 mM. The fluorescence quenching value (∆FQ ) showed a good linear relationship with D-Gln concentration in the range 0.29-10.00 mM, and the detection limit was 0.18 mM. The mechanism of fluorescence enhancement/quenching was explored by molecular modelling and the type of quenching. The method was applied to the determination of L-Gln content in real samples, and the recovery rate was satisfactory. This study provided a novel approach for the synthesis of cCQDs and the recognition of amino acid enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Guangling, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Guangling, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiashi Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Guangling, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Klongklaw K, Phiromkaew B, Kiatsuksri P, Kankit B, Anantachaisilp S, Wechakorn K. Green one-step synthesis of mushroom-derived carbon dots as fluorescent sensors for Fe 3+ detection. RSC Adv 2023; 13:30869-30875. [PMID: 37869393 PMCID: PMC10588369 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06300c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Blue photoluminescent carbon dots were synthesized from Lentinus polychrous Lèv. via a simple hydrothermal process without additional chemical reagents or functionalization. The carbon dots (hereafter referred to as LCDs) were quasi-spherical with an average diameter of 6.0 nm. The strong fluorescence emissions of LCDs were utilized as the basis of efficient turn-off probes for Fe3+. The quenching phenomenon could be used to rapidly determine Fe3+ concentrations in the range of 0.0-2.0 mM in aqueous solution, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 16 μM. In the presence of interference, LCDs demonstrated good sensitivity and selectivity towards Fe3+ in both solution-based and paper-based systems. The LCDs also exhibited excellent photostability and an eco-friendly nature, making them an ideal choice for environmental monitoring with significant potential for diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kodchakorn Klongklaw
- Kamnoetvidya Science Academy 999 Moo 1, Payubnai, Wangchan Rayong 21210 Thailand
| | - Bunyarak Phiromkaew
- Kamnoetvidya Science Academy 999 Moo 1, Payubnai, Wangchan Rayong 21210 Thailand
| | - Praeploy Kiatsuksri
- Kamnoetvidya Science Academy 999 Moo 1, Payubnai, Wangchan Rayong 21210 Thailand
| | - Bantita Kankit
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi Pathum Thani 12110 Thailand
| | | | - Kanokorn Wechakorn
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi Pathum Thani 12110 Thailand
- Advanced Photochemical and Electrochemical Materials Research Unit, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi Pathum Thani 12110 Thailand
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Xing Y, Yang M, Chen X. Fabrication of P and N Co-Doped Carbon Dots for Fe 3+ Detection in Serum and Lysosomal Tracking in Living Cells. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:230. [PMID: 36831996 PMCID: PMC9954533 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Doping with heteroatoms allows the retention of the general characteristics of carbon dots while allowing their physicochemical and photochemical properties to be effectively modulated. In this work, we report the preparation of ultrastable P and N co-doped carbon dots (PNCDs) that can be used for the highly selective detection of Fe3+ and the tracking of lysosomes in living cells. Fluorescent PNCDs were facilely prepared via a hydrothermal treatment of ethylenediamine and phytic acid, and they exhibited a high quantum yield of 22.0%. The strong coordination interaction between the phosphorus groups of PNCDs and Fe3+ rendered them efficient probes for use in selective Fe3+ detection, with a detection limit of 0.39 μM, and we demonstrated their practicability by accurately detecting the Fe3+ contents in bio-samples. At the same time, PNCDs exhibited high lysosomal location specificity in different cell lines due to surface lipophilic amino groups, and real-time tracking of the lysosome morphology in HeLa cells was achieved. The present work suggests that the fabrication of heteroatom-doped CDs might be an effective strategy to provide promising tools for cytology, such as organelle tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhi Xing
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Mei Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China
| | - Xuwei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
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Nitrogen and Sulfur Co-doped Carbon Dots as a Turn-Off Fluorescence Probe for the Detection of Cerium and Iron. J Fluoresc 2023; 33:1147-1156. [PMID: 36598660 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-03126-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots has becoming one of the most promising fluorescence sensors to determine the trace level of heavy metals in environments because of their advantages in optical properties, response time, and convenient operation procedures. Herein, a novel nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots (NS-CDs) were prepared though microwave assisted approach using DL-malic acid and allyl thiourea for the first time. Due to the existence of nitrogen and sulfur, the as-prepared NS-CDs exhibited bright blue fluorescence at 430 nm upon 330 nm excitation, with a fluorescence quantum yield of 19.8%. The sensitivity study of NS-CDs against metal ions and organic molecules has approved that the fluorescence could be further quenched by Ce4+ and Fe3+ ions, with the same linear detection ranges varying from 10 to 90 µM. The limits of detection (LOD) were determined as low as 0.75 µM and 0.67 µM for Ce4+ and Fe3+ ions, respectively. The possible quenching mechanism is explained by inner filter effect and static quenching mechanism for Ce4+ ions, while the quenching effect caused by Fe3+ ions is attributed to the inner filter effect, static and dynamic quenching mechanisms. Additionally, the developed sensor was used for the detection of Ce4+ and Fe3+ ions in tap water with satisfactory recoveries. Finally, the designed NS-CDs sensor possesses good biocompatibility against MA104 cells, suggesting the sensor can be potentially applied to detect Ce4+ and Fe3+ ions in environment and biological systems.
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Luo K, Luo W, Liang Z, Li Y, Kang X, Wu Y, Wen Y. Self-doping synthesis of iodine–carbon quantum dots for sensitive detection of Fe( iii) and cellular imaging. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03474c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Iodine-doped carbon quantum dots (I-CQDs) were synthesized via p-iodobenzoic acid self-doping for the detection of ferric ions (Fe3+) and cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Luo
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environment science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Wenyi Luo
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environment science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Zhibin Liang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environment science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yubin Li
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environment science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Xinhuang Kang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environment science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yulian Wu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environment science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yanmei Wen
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environment science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
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