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Beyer M, Hladun C, Bou-Abdallah F. Detection of proteins with ascorbic acid-capped gold nanoparticles: a simple and highly sensitive colorimetric assay. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024. [PMID: 38978467 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay01146e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
We report a simple and highly sensitive colorimetric method for the detection and quantification of proteins, based on the aggregation of ascorbic acid (AA) capped gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) by proteins. The interactions between our AuNPs and nine different proteins of various sizes and shapes (cytochrome C (12 kDa), lysozyme (14.3 kDa), myoglobin (17 kDa), human serum albumin (66 kDa), bovine serum albumin (66.4 kDa), human transferrin (80 kDa), aldolase (160 kDa), catalase (240 kDa), and human H-ferritin (500 kDa)) generated similar AuNPs-protein absorption spectra in a concentration-dependent manner in the range of 1-15 nM. Upon the addition of a protein, the UV-visible spectra of AuNPs-protein conjugates shifted from 524 nm for the AuNps alone to longer wavelength (600-750 nm) due to the presence of one of these proteins. This bathochromic shift is accompanied by a color change from a cherry red, to dark purple, and then light grey or colorless if excess protein has been added, indicating the formation of AuNPs-protein conjugates followed by protein-induced aggregation of the AuNPs. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy images revealed uniformly distributed spherical nanoparticles with an average size of 27.5 ± 15.2 nm, increasing in size to 39.6 ± 12.9 nm upon the addition of a protein, indicating the formation of AuNPs-protein conjugates in solution. A general mechanism for the protein-induced aggregation of our AuNPs is proposed. The consistent behavior observed with the nine proteins tested in our study suggests that our assay can be universally applied for the quantification of pure proteins in a solution, regardless of size, shape, or molecular weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Beyer
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Potsdam, NY 13676, USA.
| | - Colby Hladun
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Potsdam, NY 13676, USA.
| | - Fadi Bou-Abdallah
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Potsdam, NY 13676, USA.
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Dantas GDPF, Ferraz FS, Coimbra JLP, Paniago RM, Dantas MSS, Lacerda SMSN, Procópio MS, Gonçalves MF, Furtado MH, Mendes BP, López JL, Krohling AC, Martins EMN, Andrade LM, Ladeira LO, Andrade ÂL, Costa GMJ. The toxicity of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles induced on the testicular cells: In vitro study. NANOIMPACT 2024; 35:100517. [PMID: 38848992 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2024.100517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have gained significant attention in biomedical research due to their potential applications. However, little is known about their impact and toxicity on testicular cells. To address this issue, we conducted an in vitro study using primary mouse testicular cells, testis fragments, and sperm to investigate the cytotoxic effects of sodium citrate-coated SPIONs (Cit_SPIONs). Herein, we synthesized and physiochemically characterized the Cit_SPIONs and observed that the sodium citrate diminished the size and improved the stability of nanoparticles in solution during the experimental time. The sodium citrate (measured by thermogravimetry) was biocompatible with testicular cells at the used concentration (3%). Despite these favorable physicochemical properties, the in vitro experiments demonstrated the cytotoxicity of Cit_SPIONs, particularly towards testicular somatic cells and sperm cells. Transmission electron microscopy analysis confirmed that Leydig cells preferentially internalized Cit_SPIONs in the organotypic culture system, which resulted in alterations in their cytoplasmic size. Additionally, we found that Cit_SPIONs exposure had detrimental effects on various parameters of sperm cells, including motility, viability, DNA integrity, mitochondrial activity, lipid peroxidation (LPO), and ROS production. Our findings suggest that testicular somatic cells and sperm cells are highly sensitive and vulnerable to Cit_SPIONs and induced oxidative stress. This study emphasizes the potential toxicity of SPIONs, indicating significant threats to the male reproductive system. Our findings highlight the need for detailed development of iron oxide nanoparticles to enhance reproductive nanosafety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziela de P F Dantas
- Department of Morphology, ICB, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fausto S Ferraz
- Department of Morphology, ICB, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - John L P Coimbra
- Department of Morphology, ICB, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Roberto M Paniago
- Department of Physics, ICEx, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria S S Dantas
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, EE, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Samyra M S N Lacerda
- Department of Morphology, ICB, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcela S Procópio
- Department of Morphology, ICB, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Matheus F Gonçalves
- Department of Morphology, ICB, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcelo H Furtado
- Department of Morphology, ICB, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Clínica MF Fertilidade Masculina, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Jorge L López
- Center for Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
| | - Alisson C Krohling
- Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear, CDTN, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Estefânia M N Martins
- Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear, CDTN, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Lídia M Andrade
- Department of Morphology, ICB, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Department of Physics, ICEx, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiz O Ladeira
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, EE, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ângela L Andrade
- Department of Chemistry, ICEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Guilherme M J Costa
- Department of Morphology, ICB, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Hong TJ, Sivakumar C, Luo CW, Ho MS. Investigation of TiO 2 nanoparticle interactions in the fibroblast NIH-3T3 cells via liquid-mode atomic force microscope. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:2893-2901. [PMID: 37612376 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03585-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Long before we recognized how significant they were, nanoparticles were already all around in the environment. Since then, an extensive number of synthetic nanoparticles have been engineered to improve our quality of life through rigorous scientific research on their uses in practically every industry, including semiconductor devices, food, medicine, and agriculture. The extensive usage of nanoparticles in commodities that come into proximity with human skin and internal organs through medicine has raised significant concerns over the years. TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) are widely employed in a wide range of industries, such as cosmetics and food packaging. The interaction and internalization of TiO2 NPs in living cells have been studied by the scientific community for many years. In the present study, we investigated the cell viability, nanomechanical characteristics, and fluorescence response of NIH-3T3 cells treated with sterile DMEM TiO2 nanoparticle solution using a liquid-mode atomic force microscope and a fluorescence microscope. Two different sorts of response systems have been observed in the cells depending on the size of the NPs. TiO2 nanoparticles smaller than 100 nm support its initial stages cell viability, and cells internalize and metabolize NPs. In contrast, bigger TiO2 NPs (> 100 nm) are not completely metabolized and cannot impair cell survival. Furthermore, bigger NPs above 100 nm could not be digested by the cells, therefore hindering cell development, whereas below 100 nm TiO2 stimulated uncontrolled cell growth akin to cancerous type cells. The cytoskeleton softens as a result of particle internalization, as seen by the nanomechanical characteristics of the nanoparticle treated cells. According to our investigations, TiO2 smaller than 100 nm facilitates unintended cancer cell proliferation, whereas larger NPs ultimately suppress cell growth. Before being incorporated into commercial products, similar effects or repercussions that could result from employing different NPs should be carefully examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tz-Ju Hong
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | | | - Chih-Wei Luo
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
- Institute of Physics and Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
- Taiwan Consortium of Emergent Crystalline Materials (TCECM), Ministry of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10601, Taiwan
| | - Mon-Shu Ho
- Department of Physics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, 40227, Taiwan.
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Gudkov SV, Astashev ME, Baymler IV, Bolotskova PN, Kozlov VA, Simakin AV, Khuong MT, Fomina PA, Bunkin NF. Effects of Low-Frequency Randomly Polarized Electromagnetic Radiation, as Revealed upon Swelling of Polymer Membrane in Water with Different Isotopic Compositions. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4622. [PMID: 37444935 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Photoluminescence from the surface of Nafion polymer membrane upon swelling in water under irradiation by electromagnetic waves at a frequency of 100 MHz was studied. In these experiments, natural deionized (DI) water with a deuterium content of 157 ppm and deuterium-depleted water (DDW, deuterium content is 1 ppm) were explored. We have studied for the first time the effect of linearly and randomly polarized low-frequency electromagnetic radiation on the luminescence excitation. To obtain low-frequency electromagnetic radiation with random polarizations, anisotropic solid submicron-sized particles, which result in depolarization effects upon scattering of the initially linearly polarized radiation, were used. We compared two types of colloidal particles: spherically symmetric (isotropic) and elongated (anisotropic). If the radiation is linearly polarized, the intensity of luminescence from the Nafion surface decreases exponentially as the polymer is soaked, and such a behavior is observed both in natural DI water and DDW. When spherically symmetric submicron-sized particles are added to a liquid sample, the luminescence intensity also decreases exponentially upon swelling in both natural DI water and DDW. At the same time, when anisotropic submicron-sized particles are added to DI water, random jumps in the luminescence intensity appear during swelling. At the same time, the exponential decrease in the luminescence intensity is retained upon swelling in DDW. A qualitative theoretical model for the occurrence of random jumps in the luminescence intensity is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V Gudkov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim E Astashev
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilya V Baymler
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina N Bolotskova
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2-nd Baumanskaya Str. 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valery A Kozlov
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2-nd Baumanskaya Str. 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander V Simakin
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Minh T Khuong
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2-nd Baumanskaya Str. 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina A Fomina
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2-nd Baumanskaya Str. 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolai F Bunkin
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2-nd Baumanskaya Str. 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia
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Serov DA, Baimler IV, Burmistrov DE, Baryshev AS, Yanykin DV, Astashev ME, Simakin AV, Gudkov SV. The Development of New Nanocomposite Polytetrafluoroethylene/Fe 2O 3 NPs to Prevent Bacterial Contamination in Meat Industry. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14224880. [PMID: 36433009 PMCID: PMC9695638 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterial contamination of cutting boards and other equipment in the meat processing industry is one of the key reasons for reducing the shelf life and consumer properties of products. There are two ways to solve this problem. The first option is to create coatings with increased strength in order to prevent the formation of micro damages that are favorable for bacterial growth. The second possibility is to create materials with antimicrobial properties. The use of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coatings with the addition of metal oxide nanoparticles will allow to the achieving of both strength and bacteriostatic effects at the same time. In the present study, a new coating based on PTFE and Fe2O3 nanoparticles was developed. Fe2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized by laser ablation in water and transferred into acetone using the developed procedures. An acetone-based colloidal solution was mixed with a PTFE-based varnish. Composites with concentrations of Fe2O3 nanoparticles from 0.001-0.1% were synthesized. We studied the effect of the obtained material on the generation of ROS (hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals), 8-oxoguanine, and long-lived active forms of proteins. It was found that PTFE did not affect the generation of all the studied compounds, and the addition of Fe2O3 nanoparticles increased the generation of H2O2 and hydroxyl radicals by up to 6 and 7 times, respectively. The generation of 8-oxoguanine and long-lived reactive protein species in the presence of PTFE/Fe2O3 NPs at 0.1% increased by 2 and 3 times, respectively. The bacteriostatic and cytotoxic effects of the developed material were studied. PTFE with the addition of Fe2O3 nanoparticles, at a concentration of 0.001% or more, inhibited the growth of E. coli by 2-5 times compared to the control or PTFE without NPs. At the same time, PTFE, even with the addition of 0.1% Fe2O3 nanoparticles, did not significantly impact the survival of eukaryotic cells. It was assumed that the resulting composite material could be used to cover cutting boards and other polymeric surfaces in the meat processing industry.
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