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Sterin I, Hadynski J, Tverdokhlebova A, Masi M, Katz E, Wriedt M, Smutok O. Electrochemical and Biocatalytic Signal-Controlled Payload Release from a Metal-Organic Framework. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308640. [PMID: 37747462 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
A metal-organic framework (MOF), ZIF-8, which is stable at neutral and slightly basic pH values in aqueous solutions and destabilized/dissolved under acidic conditions, is loaded with a pH-insensitive fluorescent dye, rhodamine-B isothiocyanate, as a model payload species. Then, the MOF species are immobilized at an electrode surface. The local (interfacial) pH value is rapidly decreased by means of an electrochemically stimulated ascorbate oxidation at +0.4 V (Ag/AgCl/KCl). Oxygen reduction upon switching the applied potential to -0.8 V allows to return the local pH to the neutral/basic pH, then stopping rapidly the release process. The developed method allows electrochemical control over stimulated or inhibited payload release processes from the MOF. The pH variation proceeds in a thin film of the solution near the electrode surface. The switchable release process is realized in a buffer solution and undiluted human serum. As the second option, the pH decrease stimulating the release process is achieved upon an enzymatic reaction using esterase and ester substrate. This approach potentially allows the release activation controlled by numerous enzymes assembled in complex biocatalytic cascades. It is expected that related electrochemical or biocatalytic systems can represent novel signal-responding materials with switchable features for delivering (bio)molecules within biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Sterin
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA
| | - John Hadynski
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA
| | - Anna Tverdokhlebova
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA
| | - Madeline Masi
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA
| | - Evgeny Katz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA
| | - Mario Wriedt
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Oleh Smutok
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA
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