1
|
Sarturato ACP, Dos Anjos EGR, Marini J, Morgado GFDM, Baldan MR, Passador FR. Polypropylene/talc/graphene nanoplates (
GNP
) hybrid composites: Effect of
GNP
content on the thermal, rheological, mechanical, and electrical properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Prataviera Sarturato
- Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Department of Science and Technology Polymer and Biopolymer Technology Laboratory (TecPBio) São José dos Campos Brazil
| | - Erick Gabriel Ribeiro Dos Anjos
- Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Department of Science and Technology Polymer and Biopolymer Technology Laboratory (TecPBio) São José dos Campos Brazil
- Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) Department of Materials Engineering São Carlos Brazil
| | - Juliano Marini
- Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) Department of Materials Engineering São Carlos Brazil
| | - Guilherme Ferreira De Melo Morgado
- Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Department of Science and Technology Polymer and Biopolymer Technology Laboratory (TecPBio) São José dos Campos Brazil
| | - Maurício Ribeiro Baldan
- National Space Research Institute (INPE) Coordination of Applied Research and Technological Development (COPDT) São José dos Campos Brazil
| | - Fabio Roberto Passador
- Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Department of Science and Technology Polymer and Biopolymer Technology Laboratory (TecPBio) São José dos Campos Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
|
3
|
Cheng H, Sun X, Huang B, Xiao L, Chen Q, Cao C, Qian Q. Endowing Acceptable Mechanical Properties of Segregated Conductive Polymer Composites with Enhanced Filler-Matrix Interfacial Interactions by Incorporating High Specific Surface Area Nanosized Carbon Black. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11082074. [PMID: 34443905 PMCID: PMC8400817 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tuning the high properties of segregated conductive polymer materials (CPCs) by incorporating nanoscale carbon fillers has drawn increasing attention in the industry and academy fields, although weak interfacial interaction of matrix-filler is a daunting challenge for high-loading CPCs. Herein, we present a facile and efficient strategy for preparing the segregated conducting ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)-based composites with acceptable mechanical properties. The interfacial interactions, mechanical properties, electrical properties and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) of the UHMWPE/conducting carbon black (CCB) composites were investigated. The morphological and Raman mapping results showed that UHMWPE/high specific surface area CCB (h-CCB) composites demonstrate an obviously interfacial transition layer and strongly interfacial adhesion, as compared to UHMWPE/low specific surface area CCB (l-CCB) composites. Consequently, the high-loading UHMWPE/h-CCB composite (beyond 10 wt% CCB dosage) exhibits higher strength and elongation at break than the UHMWPE/l-CCB composite. Moreover, due to the formation of a densely stacked h-CCB network under the enhanced filler-matrix interfacial interactions, UHMWPE/h-CCB composite possesses a higher EMI SE than those of UHMWPE/l-CCB composites. The electrical conductivity and EMI SE value of the UHMWPE/h-CCB composite increase sharply with the increasing content of h-CCB. The EMI SE of UHMWPE/h-CCB composite with 10 wt% h-CCB is 22.3 dB at X-band, as four times that of the UHMWPE/l-CCB composite with same l-CCB dosage (5.6 dB). This work will help to manufacture a low-cost and high-performance EMI shielding material for modern electronic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huibin Cheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; (H.C.); (X.S.); (B.H.); (Q.C.)
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; (H.C.); (X.S.); (B.H.); (Q.C.)
| | - Baoquan Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; (H.C.); (X.S.); (B.H.); (Q.C.)
| | - Liren Xiao
- Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350007, China;
| | - Qinghua Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; (H.C.); (X.S.); (B.H.); (Q.C.)
- Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350007, China;
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Changlin Cao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; (H.C.); (X.S.); (B.H.); (Q.C.)
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (Q.Q.)
| | - Qingrong Qian
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; (H.C.); (X.S.); (B.H.); (Q.C.)
- Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350007, China;
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Fuzhou 350007, China
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (Q.Q.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Intra-Cycle Elastic Nonlinearity of Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotube/Polymer Nanocomposites under Medium Amplitude Oscillatory Shear (MAOS) Flow. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10071257. [PMID: 32605226 PMCID: PMC7407161 DOI: 10.3390/nano10071257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study seeks to unravel the effect of carbon nanotube’s physical and chemical features on the final electrical and rheological properties of polymer nanocomposites thereof. Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs) were synthesized over two different types of catalysts, i.e., Fe and Ni, employing chemical vapor deposition. Utilizing this technique, we were able to synthesize N-CNTs with significantly different structures. As a result, remarkable differences in the network structure of the nanotubes were observed upon mixing the N-CNTs in a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix, which, in turn, led to drastically different electrical and rheological properties. For instance, no enhancement in the electrical conductivity of poorly-dispersed (N-CNT)Ni/PVDF samples was observed even at high nanotube concentrations, whereas (N-CNT)Fe/PVDF nanocomposites exhibited an insulative behavior at 1.0 wt%, a semi-conductive behavior at 2.0 wt%, and a conductive behavior at 2.7 wt%. In terms of rheology, the most substantial differences in the viscoelastic behavior of the systems were distinguishable in the medium amplitude oscillatory shear (MAOS) region. The stress decomposition method combined with the evaluation of the elastic and viscous third-order Chebyshev coefficients revealed a strong intra-cycle elastic nonlinearity in the MAOS region for the poorly-dispersed systems in small frequencies; however, the well-dispersed systems showed no intra-cycle nonlinearity in the MAOS region. It was shown that the MAOS elastic nonlinearity of poorly-dispersed systems stems from the confinement of N-CNT domains between the rheometer’s plates for small gap sizes comparable with the size of the agglomerates. Moreover, the intra-cycle elastic nonlinearity of poorly-dispersed systems is frequency-dependent and vanished at higher frequencies. The correlation between the microstructure and viscoelastic properties under large shear deformations provides further guidance for the fabrication of high-performance 3D-printed electrically conductive nanocomposites with precisely controllable final properties for engineering applications.
Collapse
|
5
|
LaFreniere JMJ, Roberge EJ, Halpern JM. Reorientation of Polymers in an Applied Electric Field for Electrochemical Sensors. JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY 2020; 167:037556. [PMID: 32265575 PMCID: PMC7138228 DOI: 10.1149/1945-7111/ab6cfe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This mini review investigates the relationship and interactions of polymers under an applied electric field (AEF) for sensor applications. Understanding how and why polymers are reoriented and manipulated by under an AEF is essential for future growth in polymer-based electrochemical sensors. Examples of polymers that can be manipulated in an AEF for sensor applications are provided. Current methods of monitoring polymer reorientation will be described, but new techniques are needed characterize polymer response to various AEF stimuli. The unique and reproducible stimuli response of polymers elicited by an AEF has significant potential for growth in the sensing community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Emma J. Roberge
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, USA
| | - Jeffrey M. Halpern
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Melt-Mixed 3D Hierarchical Graphene/Polypropylene Nanocomposites with Low Electrical Percolation Threshold. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9121766. [PMID: 31835842 PMCID: PMC6956219 DOI: 10.3390/nano9121766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Graphene-based materials are a family of carbonaceous structures that can be produced using a variety of processes either from graphite or other precursors. These materials are typically a few layered sheets of graphene in the form of platelets and maintain some of the properties of pristine graphene (such as two-dimensional platelet shape, aspect ratio, and graphitic bonding). In this work we present melt mixed graphene-based polypropylene systems with significantly reduced percolation threshold. Traditionally melt-mixed systems suffer from poor dispersion that leads to high electrical percolation values. In contrast in our work, graphene was added into an isotactic polypropylene matrix, achieving an electrical percolation threshold of ~1 wt.%. This indicates that the filler dispersion process has been highly efficient, something that leads to the suppression of the β phase that have a strong influence on the crystallization behavior and subsequent thermal and mechanical performance. The electrical percolation values obtained are comparable with reported solution mixed systems, despite the use of simple melt mixing protocols and the lack of any pre or post-treatment of the final compositions. The latter is of particular importance as the preparation method used in this work is industrially relevant and is readily scalable.
Collapse
|
7
|
Blinzler BJ, Larsson R, Gaska K, Kádár R. A Mechanics Based Surface Image Interpretation Method for Multifunctional Nanocomposites. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1578. [PMID: 31703339 PMCID: PMC6915548 DOI: 10.3390/nano9111578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Graphene nanosheets and thicker graphite nanoplatelets are being used as reinforcement in polymeric materials to improve the material properties or induce new functional properties. By improving dispersion, de-agglomerating the particles, and ensuring the desired orientation of the nano-structures in the matrix, the microstructure can be tailored to obtain specific material properties. A novel surface image assisted modeling framework is proposed to understand functional properties of the graphene enhanced polymer. The effective thermal and mechanical responses are assessed based on computational homogenization. For the mechanical response, the 2-D nanoplatelets are modeled as internal interfaces that store energy for membrane actions. The effective thermal response is obtained similarly, where 2-D nanoplatelets are represented using regions of high conductivity. Using the homogenization simulation, macroscopic stiffness properties and thermal conductivity properties are modeled and then compared to the experimental data. The proposed surface image assisted modeling yields reasonable effective mechanical and thermal properties, where the Kapitza effect plays an important part in effective thermal properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brina J. Blinzler
- Division of Material and Computational Mechanics, Department of Industrial and Materials Science, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden;
| | - Ragnar Larsson
- Division of Material and Computational Mechanics, Department of Industrial and Materials Science, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden;
| | - Karolina Gaska
- Division of Engineering Materials, Department of Industrial and Materials Science, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden or (K.G.); (R.K.)
| | - Roland Kádár
- Division of Engineering Materials, Department of Industrial and Materials Science, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden or (K.G.); (R.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Saengow C, Giacomin A. Review of nonlinear oscillatory shear flow notations and presentations: polymeric liquids. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
9
|
Rheological properties and microstructure of soy protein isolate /κ-carrageenan gels under high-speed shear treatment. J FOOD ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
10
|
Inverse Analysis of Cellulose by Using the Energy-Based Method and a Rotational Rheometer. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8081354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biological and polymer-type materials usually show a complicated deformation behavior. This behavior can be modeled by using a nonlinear material equation; however, the determination of coefficients in such a material equation is challenging. We exploit representation theorems in continuum mechanics and construct nonlinear material equations for cellulose in an oscillatory rheometer experiment. The material parameters are obtained by using the energy-based method that generates a linear regression fit even in the case of a highly nonlinear material equation. This method allows us to test different nonlinear material equations and choose the simplest material model capable of representing the nonlinear response over a broad range of frequencies and amplitudes. We present the strategy, determine the parameters for cellulose, discuss the complicated stress-strain response and make the algorithm publicly available to encourage its further use.
Collapse
|
11
|
Lin X, Zhang K, Li K, Ren D. Dependence of rheological behaviors of polymeric composites on the morphological structure of carbonaceous nanoparticles. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Lin
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering; University of Science and Technology Beijing; Beijing 100083 China
| | - Kai Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Ke Li
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering; University of Science and Technology Beijing; Beijing 100083 China
| | - Dongyun Ren
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Effect of Filler Orientation on the Electrical Conductivity of Carbon Fiber/PMMA Composites. FIBERS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/fib6010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
13
|
Gaska K, Kádár R, Rybak A, Siwek A, Gubanski S. Gas Barrier, Thermal, Mechanical and Rheological Properties of Highly Aligned Graphene-LDPE Nanocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E294. [PMID: 30970972 PMCID: PMC6432036 DOI: 10.3390/polym9070294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This contribution reports on properties of low-density polyethylene-based composites filled with different amounts of graphene nanoplatelets. The studied samples were prepared in the form of films by means of the precoating technique and single screw melt-extrusion, which yields a highly ordered arrangement of graphene flakes and results in a strong anisotropy of composites morphology. The performed tests of gas permeability reveal a drastic decrease of this property with increasing filler content. A clear correlation is found between permeability and free volume fraction in the material, the latter evaluated by means of positron annihilation spectroscopy. A strong anisotropy of the thermal conductivity is also achieved and the thermal conductivity along the extrusion direction for samples filled with 7.5 wt % of GnP (graphene nanoplatelets) reached 2.2 W/m·K. At the same time, when measured through a plane, a slight decrease of thermal conductivity is found. The use of GnP filler leads also to improvements of mechanical properties. The increase of Young's modulus and tensile strength are reached as the composites become more brittle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Gaska
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Roland Kádár
- Department of Industrial and Materials Science, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Andrzej Rybak
- ABB Corporate Research Center, 31038 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Artur Siwek
- ABB Corporate Research Center, 31038 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Stanislaw Gubanski
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|