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Wang Y, Wang H, Song Y, Lv M, Mao Y, Song H, Wang Y, Nie G, Liu X, Cui J, Zou X. IR792-MCN@ZIF-8-PD-L1 siRNA drug delivery system enhances photothermal immunotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer under near-infrared laser irradiation. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:96. [PMID: 35236356 PMCID: PMC8889783 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01255-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite extensive investigations on photothermal therapy, the clinical application is restricted due to poor stability, low therapeutic efficacy of photothermal therapy agents and its affinity loss in the multistep synthesis of delivery carriers. To address this, we designed an IR792-MCN@ZIF-8-PD-L1 siRNA (IM@ZP) nanoparticle drug delivery system. IM@ZP was prepared by in situ synthesis and physical adsorption, followed by characterization. Photothermal conversion ability of IM@ZP was assessed by irradiation of near-infrared (NIR) laser, followed by analysis of its effect on 4T1 cell viability, maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) and the secretion of related cytokines in vitro, and the changes of tumor infiltrating T cells and natural killer (NK) cells in vivo. Subcutaneous 4T1 tumor-bearing mouse and lung metastasis models were established to investigate the role of IM@ZP in killing tumor and inhibiting metastasis in vivo. Results IM@ZP was uniform nanoparticles of 81.67 nm with the characteristic UV absorption peak of IR792, and could effectively adsorb PD-L1 siRNA. Under the irradiation of 808 nm laser, IM@ZP exhibited excellent photothermal performance. IM@ZP could be efficiently uptaken by 4T1 cells, and had high transfection efficiency of PD-L1 siRNA. Upon NIR laser irradiation, IM@ZP effectively killed 4T1 cells, upregulated HSP70 expression, induced DC maturation and increased secretion of TNF-α and IL-6 in vitro. Moreover, in vivo experimental results revealed that IM@ZP enhanced photothermal immunotherapy as shown by promoted tumor infiltrating CD8 + and CD4 + T cells and NK cells, and inhibited tumor growth and lung metastasis. Conclusion Together, biocompatible IM@ZP nanoparticles result in high photothermal immunotherapy efficiency and may have a great potential as a delivery system for sustained cancer therapy. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-022-01255-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei Wang
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haibo Wang
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhua Song
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Lv
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Mao
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongming Song
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Nie
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyi Liu
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Cui
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqing Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Garbovskiy Y. Conventional and unconventional ionic phenomena in tunable soft materials made of liquid crystals and nanoparticles. NANO EXPRESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-959x/abe652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A great variety of tunable multifunctional materials can be produced by combining nanoparticles and liquid crystals. Typically, the tunability of such soft nanocomposites is achieved via external electric fields resulting in the field-induced reorientation of liquid crystals. This reorientation can be altered by ions normally present in liquid crystals in small quantities. In addition, nanomaterials dispersed in liquid crystals can also affect the behavior of ions. Therefore, an understanding of ionic phenomena in liquid crystals doped with nanoparticles is essential for future advances in liquid crystal-aided nanoscience and nanotechnology. This paper provides an overview of the ionic effects observed in liquid crystals doped with nanomaterials. An introduction to liquid crystals is followed by a brief overview of nanomaterials in liquid crystals. After giving a basic description of ions in liquid crystals and experimental methods to measure them, a wide range of ionic phenomena in liquid crystals doped with different types of nanomaterials is discussed. After that, both existing and emerging applications of tunable soft materials made of liquid crystals and nanodopants are presented with an emphasis on the role of ionic effects in such systems. Finally, the discussion of unsolved problems and future research directions completes the review.
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Fabrication of TiO 2-Embedded Polyimide Layer with High Transmittance and Improved Reliability for Liquid Crystal Displays. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13030376. [PMID: 33530379 PMCID: PMC7865691 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Construction of liquid crystal (LC) alignment by introducing polyimide (PI) to indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes is one of the main methods to realize high-resolution images in liquid crystal displays (LCD). However, the loss of transmittance caused by the difference in refractive index between ITO and PI leads to direct degradation of LCD performance. Thus, we herein fabricated a functional hybrid PI alignment layer that reduces the difference in refractive index and greatly increases the transmittance of the device by introducing inorganic titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NP) to the organic PI. The highly refractive TiO2 NPs were surface-treated with stearic acid comprising long alkyl chains to improve their dispersibility and uniformly dispersed in the PI matrix by simply stirring the mixture. The hybrid PI mixture was spin-coated on the ITO substrate, and the resulting LC cell exhibited excellent electro-optical properties. In addition, the reliability of the LC cells was enhanced by the inclusion of the TiO2 NPs, which was confirmed through the evaluation of voltage holding ratio, residual direct current, and LC cell reliability. Overall, functional hybrid PI can be used in advanced display technology for next-generation LC devices that require high transmittance and reliability.
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Perspectives in Liquid-Crystal-Aided Nanotechnology and Nanoscience. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9122512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The research field of liquid crystals and their applications is recently changing from being largely focused on display applications and optical shutter elements in various fields, to quite novel and diverse applications in the area of nanotechnology and nanoscience. Functional nanoparticles have recently been used to a significant extent to modify the physical properties of liquid crystals by the addition of ferroelectric and magnetic particles of different shapes, such as arbitrary and spherical, rods, wires and discs. Also, particles influencing optical properties are increasingly popular, such as quantum dots, plasmonic, semiconductors and metamaterials. The self-organization of liquid crystals is exploited to order templates and orient nanoparticles. Similarly, nanoparticles such as rods, nanotubes and graphene oxide are shown to form lyotropic liquid crystal phases in the presence of isotropic host solvents. These effects lead to a wealth of novel applications, many of which will be reviewed in this publication.
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Enhancement of Image Quality in LCD by Doping γ-Fe₂O₃ Nanoparticles and Reducing Friction Torque Difference. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8110911. [PMID: 30404171 PMCID: PMC6267559 DOI: 10.3390/nano8110911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Improving image sticking in liquid crystal display (LCD) has attracted tremendous interest because of its potential to enhance the quality of the display image. Here, we proposed a method to evaluate the residual direct current (DC) voltage by varying liquid crystal (LC) cell capacitance under the combined action of alternating current (AC) and DC signals. This method was then used to study the improvement of image sticking by doping γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles into LC materials and adjusting the friction torque difference of the upper and lower substrates. Detailed analysis and comparison of residual characteristics for LC materials with different doping concentrations revealed that the LC material, added with 0.02 wt% γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles, can absorb the majority of free ions stably, thereby reducing the residual DC voltage and extending the time to reach the saturated state. The physical properties of the LC materials were enhanced by the addition of a small amount of nanoparticles and the response time of doping 0.02 wt% γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles was about 10% faster than that of pure LC. Furthermore, the lower absolute value of the friction torque difference between the upper and lower substrates contributed to the reduction of the residual DC voltage induced by ion adsorption in the LC cell under the same conditions. To promote the image quality of different display frames in the switching process, we added small amounts of the nanoparticles to the LC materials and controlled friction technology accurately to ensure the same torque. Both approaches were proven to be highly feasible.
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