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Caddeo F, Himmelstein F, Mahmoudi B, Araújo-Cordero AM, Eberhart D, Zhang H, Lindenberg T, Hähnel A, Hagendorf C, Maijenburg AW. Coating the surface of interconnected Cu 2O nanowire arrays with HKUST-1 nanocrystals via electrochemical oxidation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13858. [PMID: 37620380 PMCID: PMC10449819 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39982-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlling the crystallization of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) at the nanoscale is currently challenging, and this hinders their utilization for multiple applications including photo(electro)chemistry and sensors. In this work, we show a synthetic protocol that enables the preparation of highly homogeneous Cu2O@MOF nanowires standing on a conductive support with extensive control over the crystallization of the MOF nanoparticles at the surface of the Cu2O nanowires. Cu2O nanowires were first prepared via templated electrodeposition, and then partially converted into the well-known Cu-MOF HKUST-1 by pulsed electrochemical oxidation. We show that the use of PVP as a capping agent during the electrochemical oxidation of Cu2O into HKUST-1 provides control over the growth of the MOF nanocrystals on the surface of the Cu2O nanowires, and that the size of the MOF crystals obtained can be tuned by changing the concentration of PVP dissolved in the electrolyte. In addition, we propose the use of benzoic acid as an alternative to achieve control over the size of the obtained MOF nanocrystals when the use of a capping agent should be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Caddeo
- Center for Innovation Competence SiLi-Nano, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Karl-Freiherr-von-Fritsch-Straße 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Institute of Nanostructure and Solid State Physics, University of Hamburg, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Himmelstein
- Center for Innovation Competence SiLi-Nano, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Karl-Freiherr-von-Fritsch-Straße 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Behzad Mahmoudi
- Center for Innovation Competence SiLi-Nano, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Karl-Freiherr-von-Fritsch-Straße 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ana María Araújo-Cordero
- Center for Innovation Competence SiLi-Nano, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Karl-Freiherr-von-Fritsch-Straße 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Denis Eberhart
- Center for Innovation Competence SiLi-Nano, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Karl-Freiherr-von-Fritsch-Straße 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Haojie Zhang
- Center for Innovation Competence SiLi-Nano, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Karl-Freiherr-von-Fritsch-Straße 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Physics, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Straße 4, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Titus Lindenberg
- Center for Innovation Competence SiLi-Nano, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Karl-Freiherr-von-Fritsch-Straße 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Angelika Hähnel
- Fraunhofer Center for Silicon Photovoltaics CSP, Otto-Eißfeldt-Straße 12, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christian Hagendorf
- Fraunhofer Center for Silicon Photovoltaics CSP, Otto-Eißfeldt-Straße 12, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - A Wouter Maijenburg
- Center for Innovation Competence SiLi-Nano, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Karl-Freiherr-von-Fritsch-Straße 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Li M, Ulrich N, Schubert I, Sigle W, Peter Wagner MF, Trautmann C, Toimil-Molares ME. Three-dimensional free-standing gold nanowire networks as a platform for catalytic applications. RSC Adv 2023; 13:4721-4728. [PMID: 36760287 PMCID: PMC9897260 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra08035d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the catalytic performance of networks of highly interconnected Au nanowires with diameters tailored between 80 and 170 nm. The networks were synthesized by electrodeposition in etched ion-track polymer templates, and the synthesis conditions were developed for optimal wire crystallinity and network homogeneity. The nanowire networks were self-supporting and could be easily handled as electrodes in electrochemical cells or other devices. The electrochemically active surface area of the networks increased systematically with increasing the wire diameter. They showed a very stable performance during 200 CV cycles of methanol oxidation reactions, with the peak current density reaching up to 200 times higher than that of a flat reference electrode, with only a 5% drop in the peak current density. The Au nanowire networks proved to be excellent model systems for investigation of the performance of porous catalysts and very promising nanosystems for application in direct alcohol fuel cell catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Li
- Materials Research, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung 64291 Darmstadt Germany .,Materials and Earth Sciences, Technische Universität Darmstadt 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Nils Ulrich
- Materials Research, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung 64291 Darmstadt Germany .,Materials and Earth Sciences, Technische Universität Darmstadt 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Ina Schubert
- Materials Research, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung 64291 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Wilfried Sigle
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State ResearchHeisenbergstr. 170569 StuttgartGermany
| | | | - Christina Trautmann
- Materials Research, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung 64291 Darmstadt Germany .,Materials and Earth Sciences, Technische Universität Darmstadt 64287 Darmstadt Germany
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3
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Huang CH, Lu YJ, Pan YC, Liu HL, Chang JY, Sie JL, Pijanowska DG, Yang CM. Nanohollow Titanium Oxide Structures on Ti/FTO Glass Formed by Step-Bias Anodic Oxidation for Photoelectrochemical Enhancement. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12111925. [PMID: 35683780 PMCID: PMC9182085 DOI: 10.3390/nano12111925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a new anodic oxidation with a step-bias increment is proposed to evaluate oxidized titanium (Ti) nanostructures on transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) on glass. The optimal Ti thickness was determined to be 130 nm. Compared to the use of a conventional constant bias of 25 V, a bias ranging from 5 V to 20 V with a step size of 5 V for 3 min per period can be used to prepare a titanium oxide (TiOx) layer with nanohollows that shows a large increase in current of 142% under UV illumination provided by a 365 nm LED at a power of 83 mW. Based on AFM and SEM, the TiOx grains formed in the step-bias anodic oxidation were found to lead to nanohollow generation. Results obtained from EDS mapping, HR-TEM and XPS all verified the TiOx composition and supported nanohollow formation. The nanohollows formed in a thin TiOx layer can lead to a high surface roughness and photon absorbance for photocurrent generation. With this step-bias anodic oxidation methodology, TiOx with nanohollows can be obtained easily without any extra cost for realizing a high current under photoelectrochemical measurements that shows potential for electrochemical-based sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hsien Huang
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei 243, Taiwan; (C.-H.H.); (J.-L.S.)
| | - Yu-Jen Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan;
- The College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Chen Pan
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan; (Y.-C.P.); (H.-L.L.); (J.-Y.C.)
| | - Hui-Ling Liu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan; (Y.-C.P.); (H.-L.L.); (J.-Y.C.)
| | - Jia-Yuan Chang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan; (Y.-C.P.); (H.-L.L.); (J.-Y.C.)
| | - Jhao-Liang Sie
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei 243, Taiwan; (C.-H.H.); (J.-L.S.)
| | - Dorota G. Pijanowska
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: (D.G.P.); (C.-M.Y.); Tel.: +48-22-6599143 (ext. 141) (D.G.P.); +886-3-2118800 (ext. 5960) (C.-M.Y.)
| | - Chia-Ming Yang
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei 243, Taiwan; (C.-H.H.); (J.-L.S.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan;
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan; (Y.-C.P.); (H.-L.L.); (J.-Y.C.)
- Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan
- Biosensor Group, Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (D.G.P.); (C.-M.Y.); Tel.: +48-22-6599143 (ext. 141) (D.G.P.); +886-3-2118800 (ext. 5960) (C.-M.Y.)
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Navarro-Gázquez PJ, Muñoz-Portero MJ, Blasco-Tamarit E, Sánchez-Tovar R, Fernández-Domene RM, García-Antón J. Original Approach to Synthesize TiO 2/ZnO Hybrid Nanosponges Used as Photoanodes for Photoelectrochemical Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:6441. [PMID: 34771967 PMCID: PMC8585194 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, TiO2/ZnO hybrid nanosponges have been synthesized for the first time. First, TiO2 nanosponges were obtained by anodization under hydrodynamic conditions in a glycerol/water/NH4F electrolyte. Next, in order to achieve the anatase phase of TiO2 and improve its photocatalytic behaviour, the samples were annealed at 450 °C for 1 h. Once the TiO2 nanosponges were synthesized, TiO2/ZnO hybrid nanosponges were obtained by electrodeposition of ZnO on TiO2 nanosponges using different temperatures, times, and concentrations of zinc nitrate (Zn(NO3)2). TiO2/ZnO hybrid nanosponges were used as photoanodes in photoelectrochemical water splitting tests. The results indicate that the photoelectrochemical response improves, in the studied range, by increasing the temperature and the Zn(NO3)2 concentration during the electrodeposition process, obtaining an increase in the photoelectrochemical response of 141% for the TiO2/ZnO hybrid nanosponges electrodeposited at 75 °C with 10 mM Zn(NO3)2 for 15 min. Furthermore, morphological, chemical, and structural characterization was performed by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDX), Raman Confocal Laser Spectroscopy, X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and Grazing Incidence X-Ray Diffraction (GIXRD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro José Navarro-Gázquez
- Instituto Universitario de Seguridad Industrial, Radiofísica y Medioambiental (ISIRYM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (P.J.N.-G.); (M.J.M.-P.); (E.B.-T.)
| | - Maria José Muñoz-Portero
- Instituto Universitario de Seguridad Industrial, Radiofísica y Medioambiental (ISIRYM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (P.J.N.-G.); (M.J.M.-P.); (E.B.-T.)
| | - Encarna Blasco-Tamarit
- Instituto Universitario de Seguridad Industrial, Radiofísica y Medioambiental (ISIRYM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (P.J.N.-G.); (M.J.M.-P.); (E.B.-T.)
| | - Rita Sánchez-Tovar
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universitat de Valencia, Av. de las Universitats, s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (R.S.-T.); (R.M.F.-D.)
| | - Ramon Manuel Fernández-Domene
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universitat de Valencia, Av. de las Universitats, s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (R.S.-T.); (R.M.F.-D.)
| | - Jose García-Antón
- Instituto Universitario de Seguridad Industrial, Radiofísica y Medioambiental (ISIRYM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (P.J.N.-G.); (M.J.M.-P.); (E.B.-T.)
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Gao Y, Lin X, Zhao Y, Xu S, Lai C, Guo Z, Wu W, Ding X, Jia F, Zhou L, Liu Y. The Cleaning Effect of the Photocatalysis of TiO 2-B@anatase Nanowires on Biological Activity on a Titanium Surface. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:9639-9655. [PMID: 33299309 PMCID: PMC7719464 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s275373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Improvements in the early osseointegration of titanium implants require investigations on the bone-implant interface, which is a critical and complex challenge. The surface cleanliness of titanium implants plays an important role at this interface. However, the implant surface would inevitably absorb contamination such as organic hydrocarbons, which is not conductive to the establishment of early osseointegration. Herein, an optimized approach for removing contamination from titanium surfaces was studied. Methods The TiO2-B@anatase NWs (nanowires) were prepared on titanium substrates through a hydrothermal process. A methylene blue degradation experiment was performed to assess the photodegradation activity. The cleaning effect of the photocatalysis of TiO2-B@anatase NWs on a titanium surface and the cellular early response was determined by analyzing cell morphology, attachment, proliferation and differentiation. Results The results indicated that the photocatalysis of TiO2-B@anatase NWs could effectively remove hydrocarbons on titanium surfaces without sacrificing the favourable titanium surface morphology. The methylene blue degradation experiment revealed that the photocatalysis of TiO2-B@anatase NWs had powerful degradation activity, which is attributed to the presence of strong oxidants such as ·OH. In addition, compared to the merely ultraviolet-treated titanium surfaces, the titanium surfaces treated after the NWs photocatalytic cleaning process markedly enhanced cellular early response. Conclusion The photocatalysis of TiO2-B@anatase NWs for the removal of contamination from titanium surfaces has the potential to enable the rapid and complete establishment of early osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gao
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Lin
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Yadong Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Inner Mongolia People' Hospital, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia 010017, People's Republic of China
| | - Shulan Xu
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhua Lai
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Zehong Guo
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Wangxi Wu
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianglong Ding
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Jia
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, People's Republic of China
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Wojnarowicz J, Chudoba T, Lojkowski W. A Review of Microwave Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanomaterials: Reactants, Process Parameters and Morphoslogies. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1086. [PMID: 32486522 PMCID: PMC7353225 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a multifunctional material due to its exceptional physicochemical properties and broad usefulness. The special properties resulting from the reduction of the material size from the macro scale to the nano scale has made the application of ZnO nanomaterials (ZnO NMs) more popular in numerous consumer products. In recent years, particular attention has been drawn to the development of various methods of ZnO NMs synthesis, which above all meet the requirements of the green chemistry approach. The application of the microwave heating technology when obtaining ZnO NMs enables the development of new methods of syntheses, which are characterised by, among others, the possibility to control the properties, repeatability, reproducibility, short synthesis duration, low price, purity, and fulfilment of the eco-friendly approach criterion. The dynamic development of materials engineering is the reason why it is necessary to obtain ZnO NMs with strictly defined properties. The present review aims to discuss the state of the art regarding the microwave synthesis of undoped and doped ZnO NMs. The first part of the review presents the properties of ZnO and new applications of ZnO NMs. Subsequently, the properties of microwave heating are discussed and compared with conventional heating and areas of application are presented. The final part of the paper presents reactants, parameters of processes, and the morphology of products, with a division of the microwave synthesis of ZnO NMs into three primary groups, namely hydrothermal, solvothermal, and hybrid methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Wojnarowicz
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland; (T.C.); (W.L.)
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Yang F, Schröck C, Kugelstadt J, Zhang S, Scheu C, Trautmann C, Maijenburg AW, Toimil-Molares ME. Cu 2O/TiO 2 Nanowire Assemblies as Photocathodes for Solar Hydrogen Evolution: Influence of Diameter, Length and NumberDensity of Wires. Z PHYS CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2019-1529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The performance of free-standing parallel-aligned nanowire arrays and interconnected networks of single-crystalline cuprous oxide (Cu2O) coated with titanium oxide (TiO2) as photocathodes for solar energy harvesting was analyzed. The nanostructures were synthesized by electrodeposition in polymer membranes prepared by ion-track technology. To enhance the photoelectrochemical stability of the nanowires in aqueous solution, they were conformally coated with a 10 nm thick TiO2 layer by atomic layer deposition. The diameter, size, geometry and number density of the parallel nanowires were systematically varied. The generated photocurrents show a clear increase as a function of wire diameter and wire number. In turn, the photocurrent does not get larger with increasing wire length. Highly interconnected networks of nanowires under 45° from various directions enabled further increase of wire density number and exhibited higher photocurrent densities compared to parallel arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Yang
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH , Materials Research , Planckstraße 1 , 64291 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Christopher Schröck
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH , Materials Research , Planckstraße 1 , 64291 Darmstadt , Germany
- Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Jan Kugelstadt
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH , Materials Research , Planckstraße 1 , 64291 Darmstadt , Germany
- Hochschule RheinMain , Am Brückweg 26 , 65428 Rüsselsheim , Germany
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH , Max-Planck-Str. 1 , 40237 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Christina Scheu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH , Max-Planck-Str. 1 , 40237 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Christina Trautmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH , Materials Research , Planckstraße 1 , 64291 Darmstadt , Germany
- Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - A. Wouter Maijenburg
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH , Materials Research , Planckstraße 1 , 64291 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Maria Eugenia Toimil-Molares
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH , Materials Research , Planckstraße 1 , 64291 Darmstadt , Germany
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Caddeo F, Vogt R, Weil D, Sigle W, Toimil-Molares ME, Maijenburg AW. Tuning the Size and Shape of NanoMOFs via Templated Electrodeposition and Subsequent Electrochemical Oxidation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:25378-25387. [PMID: 31265221 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b04449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The control over the size and shape of nanoMOFs is essential for their exploitation in integrated devices such as sensors, membranes for gas separation, photoelectrodes, etc. Here, we demonstrate the synthesis of nanowires and three-dimensionally interconnected nanowire networks of Cu-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) by a combination of ion-track technology and electrochemical methods. In particular, Cu nanowires and nanowire networks were electrodeposited inside polymeric etched ion-track membranes and subsequently converted by electrochemical oxidation into different Cu-based MOFs such as the well-known Cu3(BTC)2 (also known as HKUST-1) and the lesser-known MOF Cu(INA)2. The MOFs are formed inside the template, therefore adopting the shape of the host nanochannels. The synthesized MOF nanowires exhibit tunable diameters between 80 and 260 nm. Characterization by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy indicates that the employed electrochemical conversion includes the formation of Cu2O as an intermediate, as well as the initial formation of an amorphous MOF phase, which crystallizes upon longer reaction times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Caddeo
- ZIK SiLi-nano , Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg , Karl-Freiherr-von-Fritsch-Straße 3 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Rebekka Vogt
- Materials Research Department , GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research , Planckstraße 1 , 64291 Darmstadt , Germany
- Material-und Geowissenschaften , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Dominik Weil
- Materials Research Department , GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research , Planckstraße 1 , 64291 Darmstadt , Germany
- Material-und Geowissenschaften , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Wilfried Sigle
- Stuttgart Center for Electron Microscopy (StEM) , MPI for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstraße 1 , 70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - M Eugenia Toimil-Molares
- Materials Research Department , GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research , Planckstraße 1 , 64291 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - A Wouter Maijenburg
- ZIK SiLi-nano , Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg , Karl-Freiherr-von-Fritsch-Straße 3 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
- Materials Research Department , GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research , Planckstraße 1 , 64291 Darmstadt , Germany
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9
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Nayak S, Parida KM. Deciphering Z-scheme Charge Transfer Dynamics in Heterostructure NiFe-LDH/N-rGO/g-C 3N 4 Nanocomposite for Photocatalytic Pollutant Removal and Water Splitting Reactions. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2458. [PMID: 30792529 PMCID: PMC6385283 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39009-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of heterostructure NiFe LDH/N-rGO/g-C3N4 nanocomposite were fabricated by combining calcinations-electrostatic self-assembly and hydrothermal steps. In this method, negatively charged N-rGO was electrostaticaly bonded to the self-assembled interface of n-n type g-C3N4/NiFe LDH hybrid. XRD and AFM results revealed successful formation of heterostructure nanocomposite due to the coupling effect of exfoliated NiFe LDH nanosheets with N-rGO and g-C3N4. Among the as synthesized heterostructure, CNNG3LDH performed superior photocatalytic activities towards 95 and 72% mineralization of RhB and phenol. Furthermore, CNNG3LDH could achieve the highest photocatalytic H2 evolution rate of 2508 μmolg-12h-1 and O2 evolution rate of 1280 μmolg-12h-1 under visible light irradiation. The CNNG3LDH possess lowest PL intensity, reduced arc of the Nyquist plot (43.8 Ώ) and highest photocurrent density (-0.97 mA cm-2) which revealed effective charge separation for superior photocatalytic activities. TRPL spectral results reveal the synergistic effect of layered component in CNNG3LDH for achievable higher life time of excitons of ~16.52 ns. In addition, N-rGO mediator based Z-scheme charge transfer mechanisms in CNNG3LDH were verified by the ESR and TA-PL studies. Enriched oxygen vacancy type defects in NiFe LDH and N-rGO mediated Z-scheme charge transfer mechanistic path strongly manifest the superior photocatalytic activities of the heterostructure materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanginee Nayak
- Centre for Nano Science and Nano Technology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751030, Odisha, India
| | - K M Parida
- Centre for Nano Science and Nano Technology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751030, Odisha, India.
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Migration Energy Barriers for the Surface and Bulk of Self-Assembly ZnO Nanorods. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8100811. [PMID: 30304834 PMCID: PMC6215186 DOI: 10.3390/nano8100811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Post-annealing treatment is a necessary process to create/eliminate/repair defects in self–assembly (SA) metal oxide by providing enough thermal energy to the O atoms to overcome the migration energy barrier in ZnO. The height of migration energy barrier is dependent on the depth from the surface, which is hard to be estimated by theoretical calculations, as well as the optical analyses. SA ZnO nanorods (ZNRs) have high surface-to-volume ratio to provide complete picture between the optical and surface properties obtained by photoluminescence (PL) and ultraviolet/X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (UPS/XPS), which is used to investigate the evolution of structure and chemical states of the surface layers to reveal mutual agreement on all observations in PL, XPS, and UPS. We demonstrate variation of the surface structure of SA-ZNRs by scanning over a range of annealing temperatures and time to regulate the structure variation of SA-ZNRs, and their optical analyses agrees well with PL, XPS and UPS, which indicates the dependence of migration energy barriers on the depth from the surface of ZNR. The results reveal the well ZNRs formed at 570 °C and the further oxidation process and the formation of hydroperoxide on the Zn-rich surface of ZNRs at 640 °C.
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