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Zhang Y, Zhou W, Peng W, Yao T, Zhang Y, Wang B, Cai H, Li B. Core@Double-Shell Engineering of Zn Particles toward Elevated Dielectric Properties: Multiple Polarization Mechanisms in Zn@Znch@PS/PVDF Composites. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300585. [PMID: 37931222 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Flexible dielectrics with large dielectric constant (ε') coupled with low loss are highly pursued in many applications. To bolster the ε' of raw Zn (zinc)/poly(vinylidene fluoride, PVDF) while maintaining pimping dielectric loss, in this study, the core@double-shell structured Zn@zinc carbonate (ZnCH)@polystyrene (PS) particles are first synthesized through a suspension polymerization of styrene, and then composited with PVDF to elevate the ε' and keep low loss of the composites. By optimizing the PS shells' thickness and tailoring the electrical resistivity of Zn@ZnCH@PS particles, both the slow inter-particle polarization and fast intra-particle polarization in the composites can be decoupled and synergistically tuned, thus, the Zn@ZnCH@PS/PVDF achieves a much higher ε' and lower dielectric loss, simultaneously, which far exceed the unmodified Zn/PVDF. Both experiment and theoretic calculation reveal that the double-shell ZnCH@PS not only induces and promotes multiple polarizations enhancing the composites' ε', especially at the optimized PS's thickness, but also maintains suppressed loss and conductivity thanks to their obvious barrier effect on long-range charge migration. The core@double-shell filler design strategy facilitates the development of polymer composites with desirable dielectric properties for applications in electronic and electrical power systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Wenying Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Weiwei Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Tian Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Huiwu Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
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Wang P, Liu X, You Y, Wang M, Huang Y, Li Y, Li K, Yang Y, Feng W, Liu Q, Chen J, Yang X. Fabrication of High-Performance Colorimetric Membrane by Incorporation of Polydiacetylene into Polyarylene Ether Nitriles Electrospinning Nanofibrous Membranes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4379. [PMID: 36558232 PMCID: PMC9785282 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Polyarylene ether nitrile (PEN) is a novel high-performance engineering plastic with various applications, particularly in thermoresistance-required fields. In this study, a well-known stimuli-response polydiacetylene monomer, 10, 12-pentacosadiynoic acid (PCDA), was encapsulated within electrospun PEN nanofibers to fabricate a colorimetric membrane with satisfactory thermal and corrosion resistance. To optimize the compatibility with PCDA, two PENswith distinct molecular chains were utilized: PEN−PPL and PEN−BPA. The chemical structure and elemental mapping analysis revealed that the PCDA component was successfully incorporated into the PEN fibrous. The PCDA bound significantly better to the PEN−PPL than to the PEN−BPA; due to the carboxyl groups present on the side chains of PEN−PPL, the surface was smooth and the color changed uniformly as the temperature rose. However, owing to its poor compatibility with PEN−BPA, the PCDA formed agglomerations on the fibers. The thermal analysis demonstrated that the membranes obtained after PCDA compounding maintained their excellent heat resistance. The 5% weight loss temperatures of composite nanofibrous membranes manufactured by PEN−PPL and PEN−BPA were 402 °C and 506 °C, respectively, and their glass transition temperatures were 219 °C and 169 °C, respectively, indicating that the blended membranes can withstand high temperatures. The evaluation of application performance revealed that the composite membranes exhibited good dimensional stability upon high thermal and corrosive situations. Specifically, the PEN−P−PCDA did not shrink at 170 °C. Both composite membranes were dimensionally stable when exposed to the alkali aqueous solution. However, PEN−P−PCDA is more sensitive to OH−, exhibiting color transition at pH > 8, whereas PEN−B−PCDA exhibited color transition at high OH− concentrations (pH ≥ 13), with enhanced alkali resistance stability owing to its nanofibrous architecture. This exploratory study reveals the feasibility of PEN nanofibers functionalized using PCDA as a desirable stimulus-response sensor even in high-temperature and corrosive harsh environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Xidi Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yong You
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mengxue Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yumin Huang
- Research Branch of Advanced Functional Materials, School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Kui Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yuxin Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Wei Feng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Qiancheng Liu
- Institute for Advanced Materials Deformation and Damage from Multi-Scale, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Xulin Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
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Cao D, Zhou W, Zhang M, Cao G, Yang Y, Wang G, Liu D, Chen F. Insights into Synchronously Enhanced Dielectric Properties and Thermal Conductivity of β-SiC w/PVDF Nanocomposites by Building a Crystalline SiO 2 Shell as an Interlayer. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Wenying Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Guozheng Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Yating Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Guangheng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Dengfeng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Fuxin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710054, China
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Zhu P, He Z, Liu S, Liu L, Huang Y, Li J. A highly elastic conductive film prepared by bidirectional AS-LBL method. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Design and properties of polyarylene ether nitrile copolymers with improved elongation at break. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Tong L, Wang Y, You Y, Tu L, Wei R, Liu X. Effect of Plasticizer and Shearing Field on the Properties of Poly(arylene ether nitrile) Composites. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:1870-1878. [PMID: 32039323 PMCID: PMC7003189 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel composite film of hydroquinone/resorcinol-based poly(arylene ether nitrile) (HQ/RS-PEN) improved by bisphenol A based poly(arylene ether nitrile) (BPA-PEN) was prepared, in which BPA-PEN acts as a plasticizer, leading to improved fluidity of the material, thereby favoring the crystallinity of HQ/RS-PEN. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and mechanical and rheological tests have shown that the composites exhibited outstanding thermal and mechanical properties as well as improved fluidity and processing applicability compared with HQ/RS-PEN. At the same time, the crystallization of the poly(arylene ether nitrile) blends with 5 wt % BPA-PEN could be promoted under both static and shear flow fields. Polarizing microscope (POM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the crystalline morphology of HQ/RS-PEN was converted from spherulites to fibrous crystals under shearing. DSC, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and dynamic storage modulus results proved that the crystallization rate and crystallinity of HQ/RS-PEN increased significantly under the shear field. The crystallinity enhanced to a maximum of 20.1% and the melting enthalpy increased to 33.4 J/g at 310 °C under the frequency of 0.01-100 Hz for 20 min.
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Liu S, Liu C, You Y, Wang Y, Wei R, Liu X. Fabrication of BaTiO 3-Loaded Graphene Nanosheets-Based Polyarylene Ether Nitrile Nanocomposites with Enhanced Dielectric and Crystallization Properties. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9121667. [PMID: 31766711 PMCID: PMC6955990 DOI: 10.3390/nano9121667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, barium titanate@zinc phthalocyanine (BT@ZnPc) and graphene oxide (GO) hybrids (BT@ZnPc-GO) connected by calcium ions are prepared by electrostatic adsorption, and then introduced into polyarylene ether nitrile (PEN) to obtain composites with enhanced dielectric and crystallization properties. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results confirm the successful fabrication of the BT@ZnPc-GO. BT@ZnPc-GO and PEN composites (BT@ZnPc-GO/PENs) are obtained through the solution-casting method. BT@ZnPc-GO demonstrates well compatibility with PEN due to its unique structure and the organic layer of ZnPc at the periphery of BT. On the other hand, BT and GO contribute a high dielectric constant of the composites obtained. In addition, the BT@ZnPc-GO can be used as a nucleating agent to promote the crystallization of the nanocomposites. As a result, The BT@ZnPc-GO/PEN exhibits a dielectric constant of 6.4 at 1 kHz and crystallinity of 21.03% after being isothermally treated at 280 °C for 2 h at the GO content of 0.75 wt %. All these results indicate that the hybrid nanofiller BT@ZnPc-GO can be an effective additive for preparing high-performance PEN-based nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Renbo Wei
- Correspondence: (R.W.); (X.L.); Tel.: +86-028-8320-7326 (R.W. & X.L.)
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- Correspondence: (R.W.); (X.L.); Tel.: +86-028-8320-7326 (R.W. & X.L.)
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