1
|
Ruiz-Iglesias P, Massot-Cladera M, Pérez-Cano FJ, Castell M. Influence of Diets Enriched with Flavonoids (Cocoa and Hesperidin) on the Systemic Immunity of Intensively Trained and Exhausted Rats. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121893. [PMID: 36551321 PMCID: PMC9775336 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish the influence of flavonoid-enriched diets on the immune alterations induced by an intensive training and a final exhaustion test in rats. A flavanol-enriched diet (with 10% cocoa, C10 diet) and a flavanol and flavanone-enriched diet (C10 plus 0.5% hesperidin, CH diet) were used. Lewis rats were fed either a standard diet, C10 diet or CH diet while they were submitted to an intensive running training on a treadmill. After 6 weeks, samples were obtained 24 h after performing a regular training (T groups) and after carrying out a final exhaustion test (TE groups). The C10 diet attenuated the increase in plasma cortisol induced by exhaustion, while both the C10 and the CH diets prevented the alterations in the spleen Th cell proportion. The experimental diets also induced an increase in serum immunoglobulin concentration and an enhancement of spleen natural killer cytotoxicity, which may be beneficial in situations with a weakened immunity. Most of the effects observed in the CH groups seem to be due to the cocoa content. Overall, a dietary intervention with flavonoids enhances immune function, partially attenuating the alterations in systemic immunity induced by intensive training or exhausting exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Ruiz-Iglesias
- Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Malén Massot-Cladera
- Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Pérez-Cano
- Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.J.P.-C.); (M.C.)
| | - Margarida Castell
- Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.J.P.-C.); (M.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ruiz-Iglesias P, Massot-Cladera M, Rodríguez-Lagunas MJ, Franch À, Camps-Bossacoma M, Pérez-Cano FJ, Castell M. Protective Effect of a Cocoa-Enriched Diet on Oxidative Stress Induced by Intensive Acute Exercise in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040753. [PMID: 35453438 PMCID: PMC9028332 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intensive acute exercise can induce oxidative stress, leading to muscle damage and immune function impairment. Cocoa diet could prevent this oxidative stress and its consequences on immunity. Our aim was to assess the effect of a cocoa-enriched diet on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by peritoneal macrophages, blood immunoglobulin (Ig) levels, leukocyte counts, and the physical performance of rats submitted to an intensive acute exercise, as well as to elucidate the involvement of cocoa fiber in such effects. For this purpose, Wistar rats were fed either a standard diet, i.e., a diet containing 10% cocoa (C10), or a diet containing 5% cocoa fiber (CF) for 25 days. Then, half of the rats of each diet ran on a treadmill until exhaustion, and 16 h later, the samples were obtained. Both C10 and CF diets significantly prevented the increase in ROS production. However, neither the cocoa diet or the cocoa fiber-enriched diet prevented the decrease in serum IgG induced by acute exercise. Therefore, although the cocoa-enriched diet was able to prevent the excessive oxidative stress induced by intensive exercise, this was not enough to avoid the immune function impairment due to exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Ruiz-Iglesias
- Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (P.R.-I.); (M.M.-C.); (M.J.R.-L.); (À.F.); (M.C.-B.)
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Malén Massot-Cladera
- Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (P.R.-I.); (M.M.-C.); (M.J.R.-L.); (À.F.); (M.C.-B.)
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Maria J. Rodríguez-Lagunas
- Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (P.R.-I.); (M.M.-C.); (M.J.R.-L.); (À.F.); (M.C.-B.)
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Àngels Franch
- Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (P.R.-I.); (M.M.-C.); (M.J.R.-L.); (À.F.); (M.C.-B.)
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Mariona Camps-Bossacoma
- Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (P.R.-I.); (M.M.-C.); (M.J.R.-L.); (À.F.); (M.C.-B.)
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Pérez-Cano
- Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (P.R.-I.); (M.M.-C.); (M.J.R.-L.); (À.F.); (M.C.-B.)
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.J.P.-C.); (M.C.); Tel.: +34-93-402-45-05 (F.J.P.-C. & M.C.)
| | - Margarida Castell
- Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (P.R.-I.); (M.M.-C.); (M.J.R.-L.); (À.F.); (M.C.-B.)
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.J.P.-C.); (M.C.); Tel.: +34-93-402-45-05 (F.J.P.-C. & M.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
d'Unienville NMA, Blake HT, Coates AM, Hill AM, Nelson MJ, Buckley JD. Effect of food sources of nitrate, polyphenols, L-arginine and L-citrulline on endurance exercise performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2021; 18:76. [PMID: 34965876 PMCID: PMC8715640 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-021-00472-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing nitric oxide bioavailability may induce physiological effects that enhance endurance exercise performance. This review sought to evaluate the performance effects of consuming foods containing compounds that may promote nitric oxide bioavailability. METHODS Scopus, Web of Science, Ovid Medline, EMBASE and SportDiscus were searched, with included studies assessing endurance performance following consumption of foods containing nitrate, L-arginine, L-citrulline or polyphenols. Random effects meta-analysis was conducted, with subgroup analyses performed based on food sources, sex, fitness, performance test type and supplementation protocol (e.g. duration). RESULTS One hundred and eighteen studies were included in the meta-analysis, which encompassed 59 polyphenol studies, 56 nitrate studies and three L-citrulline studies. No effect on exercise performance following consumption of foods rich in L-citrulline was identified (SMD=-0.03, p=0.24). Trivial but significant benefits were demonstrated for consumption of nitrate and polyphenol-rich foods (SMD=0.15 and 0.17, respectively, p<0.001), including performance in time-trial, time-to-exhaustion and intermittent-type tests, and following both acute and multiple-day supplementation, but no effect of nitrate or polyphenol consumption was found in females. Among nitrate-rich foods, beneficial effects were seen for beetroot, but not red spinach or Swiss chard and rhubarb. For polyphenol-rich foods, benefits were found for grape, (nitrate-depleted) beetroot, French maritime pine, Montmorency cherry and pomegranate, while no significant effects were evident for New Zealand blackcurrant, cocoa, ginseng, green tea or raisins. Considerable heterogeneity between polyphenol studies may reflect food-specific effects or differences in study designs and subject characteristics. Well-trained males (V̇O2max ≥65 ml.kg.min-1) exhibited small, significant benefits following polyphenol, but not nitrate consumption. CONCLUSION Foods rich in polyphenols and nitrate provide trivial benefits for endurance exercise performance, although these effects may be food dependent. Highly trained endurance athletes do not appear to benefit from consuming nitrate-rich foods but may benefit from polyphenol consumption. Further research into food sources, dosage and supplementation duration to optimise the ergogenic response to polyphenol consumption is warranted. Further studies should evaluate whether differential sex-based responses to nitrate and polyphenol consumption are attributable to physiological differences or sample size limitations. OTHER The review protocol was registered on the Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/u7nsj ) and no funding was provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noah M A d'Unienville
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia. Noah.D'
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia. Noah.D'
| | - Henry T Blake
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alison M Coates
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alison M Hill
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Maximillian J Nelson
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jonathan D Buckley
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chang WCW, Wang CY, Liu WY, Tsai CC, Wu YT, Hsu MC. Chinese Herbal Medicine Significantly Impacts the Haematological Variables of the Athlete Biological Passport. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9533. [PMID: 34574458 PMCID: PMC8469363 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the fight against sports doping, the Athlete Biological Passport (ABP) system aims to indirectly unveil the doping incidents by monitoring selected biomarkers; however, several unexplored extrinsic factors may dampen a fair interpretation of ABP profiles. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) plays a pivotal role in the health care system, and some remedies have a long history of being used to treat anaemia. In this study, we addressed the concerns of whether the CHM administration could yield a measurable effect on altering the ABP haematological variables. Forty-eight healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to receive two-week oral administration of one of the six selected CHM products that are commonly prescribed in Taiwan (eight subjects per group). Their blood variables were determined longitudinally in the phases of baseline, intervention, and recovery over 5 weeks. Blood collection and analyses were carried out in strict compliance with relevant operating guidelines. In the groups receiving Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Astragali Radix, and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, a significant increased reticulocyte percentage and decreased OFF-hr Score were manifested during the intervention, and such effects even sustained for a period of time after withdrawal. All other variables, including haemoglobin and Abnormal Blood Profile Score, did not generate statistical significance. Our results show that the use of CHM may impact the ABP haematological variables. As a consequence, we recommend athletes, particularly those who have been registered in the testing pool, should be aware of taking specific Chinese herbal-based treatment or supplementation, and document any of its usage on the anti-doping forms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William Chih-Wei Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (W.C.-W.C.); (C.-Y.W.); (W.-Y.L.)
- Master Degree Program in Toxicology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yuan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (W.C.-W.C.); (C.-Y.W.); (W.-Y.L.)
| | - Wan-Yi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (W.C.-W.C.); (C.-Y.W.); (W.-Y.L.)
| | - Chin-Chuan Tsai
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 840, Taiwan;
- Chinese Medicine Department, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tse Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (W.C.-W.C.); (C.-Y.W.); (W.-Y.L.)
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chich Hsu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chang WCW, Yen CC, Cheng CP, Wu YT, Hsu MC. Chinese herbal decoction (Danggui Buxue Tang) supplementation augments physical performance and facilitates physiological adaptations in swimming rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:545-552. [PMID: 32538243 PMCID: PMC8641674 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1774622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Context: Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT), one of the popular Danggui (DG) decoctions, has traditionally been used to nourish 'qi' (vital energy) and enrich 'blood' (body circulation). DBT may possess performance-enhancing effects.Objective: This work determines whether DBT can improve physical capacity and alter energy expenditure under exercise training.Materials and methods: Forty male Wistar rats were assigned to four groups: sedentary (SE), exercise training (ET), ET supplemented with 0.3 g/kg rat/d DG extract, and ET supplemented with 1.8 g/kg rat/d DBT extract. The supplementations were administered via oral gavage. During the 21-day treatment period, the exercised groups were subjected to a protocol of swimming training with a gradually increased load. Physical performance evaluation was assessed using the forelimb grip strength test and an exhaustive swimming test. Muscle glycogen contents and exercise-related biochemical parameters were analysed.Results: Both herbal supplementations remarkably increased the grip strength (DG by 49.7% and DBT by 85.7%) and prolonged the swimming time (DG by 48.4% and DBT by 72.7%) compared with SE. DBT spared a certain amount of glycogen in the muscle cells under exercise training. Regarding the regulation of fuel usage, DBT had a positive impact alongside ET on promoting aerobic glycolysis via significantly decreasing serum lactate by 31.6% and lactic dehydrogenase levels by 61.8%.Conclusions: This study found that DBT could be considered a promising sports ergogenic aid for athletic population or fitness enthusiasts. Future work focussing on isolating the bioactive components that truly provide the ergogenic effects would be of interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ching-Chi Yen
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Pei Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tse Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chich Hsu
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Sports Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Substance and Behavior Addiction Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Luan X, Zhang LJ, Li XQ, Rahman K, Zhang H, Chen HZ, Zhang WD. Compound-based Chinese medicine formula: From discovery to compatibility mechanism. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 254:112687. [PMID: 32105748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chinese medicine formula (CMF) has a long history of clinical use in the treatment of various diseases under the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory. The application of CMF can be divided into three levels, crude extracts, homologous compounds mixture, and specific compounds. However, the modern scientific connotation of the CMF theory has not been clarified. AIM OF THE REVIEW To critically evaluate the research strategy for the investigation of compound-based CMF (CCMF). MATERIALS AND METHODS The related information was collected from the scientific databases, including CNKI, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, PubMed, SpringerLink, Web of Science, and Wiley Online. RESULTS The research design including discovery, screening, optimization, pharmacodynamics models, and target research techniques including the targets for compatibility compounds were evaluated. Essentially it has been evaluated that the in vitro multicellular three-dimensional culture or organoid model has been proposed for the optimization model for compatibility research of CCMF. Based on these, the traditional compatibility theory of CMF, such as Monarch-Minister-Assistant-Guide (Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi in Chinese), can probably be elucidated by the CCMF research. CONCLUSIONS CCMF has the clear advantage of providing the exact composition and controllable quality of modern medicines, in addition to having the characteristics of multi-ingredients and multi-targets synergistic effects of TCM. However, CCMF is still associated with challenges which need to be addressed for its future use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Luan
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Li-Jun Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Li
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Khalid Rahman
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, England, UK
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Hong-Zhuan Chen
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
The Combination of Astragalus membranaceus and Angelica sinensis Inhibits Lung Cancer and Cachexia through Its Immunomodulatory Function. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:9206951. [PMID: 31781219 PMCID: PMC6875282 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9206951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer and its related cachexia are the leading cause of cancer death in the world. In this study, we report the inhibitory effect of the combined therapy of Astragalus membranaceus and Angelica sinensis, on tumor growth and cachexia in tumor-bearing mice. Lewis lung carcinoma cells were inoculated into male C57BL/6 and CAnN.Cg-Foxn1nu nude mice. After tumor inoculation, mice were fed orally by the combination of AM and AS in different doses. In C57BL/6 mice, the combination of AM and AS significantly inhibited the growth of cancer tumor and prevented the loss of body weight and skeletal muscle. It also diminished the formation of free radicals and cytokines, stimulated the differentiation of NK and Tc cells, and rebalanced the ratios of Th/Tc cells, Th1/Th2 cytokines, and M1/M2 tumor-associated macrophages. The herbal combination also downregulated the expression of NFκΒ, STAT3, HIF-1α, and VEGF in tumors. In contrast, the findings were not observed in the nude mice. Therefore, the combination of AM and AS is confirmed to inhibit the progression of lung cancer, cancer cachexia, and cancer inflammation through the immunomodulatory function.
Collapse
|
8
|
Li C, Zhu F, Xu C, Xiao P, Wen J, Zhang X, Wu B. Dangguibuxue decoction abolishes abnormal accumulation of erythroid progenitor cells induced by melanoma. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 242:112035. [PMID: 31226383 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGIC RELEVANCE Dangguibuxue decoction (DGBX), is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine that contains two types of materials used to treat anemia. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect and mechanism of DGBX on abolishing erythroid progenitor cell (Ter119+CD71+) accumulation induced by melanoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS B16/F10 melanoma cells were used to establish transplanted and metastatic melanoma models. DGBX or normal saline were administered intragastrically daily after the models were established. Tumor sizes and metastatic nodules were observed after tumor cell inoculation. To further test the function of DGBX on erythroid progenitor cell (EPC) accumulation and immunosuppressive abilities, the percentage of EPCs in the blood, and spleen were quantified with flow cytometry. The proportion of CD8+ T cells and related functional mediators, IFN-γ and TNF-α,were also quantified with flow cytometry. To further strengthen our in vivo observations, DGBX serum was prepared from the rats three days after DGBX was administered. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was carried out to control the quality of the experiments. B16/F10 melanomacells were cultured with DGBX serum, and proliferation and apoptosis were observed with the CCK8 assay and AnnexinV/7AAD staining, respectively. EPCs were isolated from B16/F10-bearing mice and cultured under erythroid differentiation conditions. EPCs were treated with DGBX serum, and mature red cell proportions and cell denucleations were tested with flow cytometry and Giemsa staining of the cultured EPCs. Flow cytometry and qPCR were used to analyze the effects of DGBX on the expression of key molecules involved in erythroid development and to explore the mechanism by which DGBX relieves abnormal EPC accumulation. RESULTS DGBX treatments significantly reduced B16 melanoma tumor sizes and metastatic nodules. Most importantly, our study strongly suggested that DGBX could alleviate anemia, and systematically enhance anti-tumor immune responses by reducing abnormal EPC accumulation. Moreover, DGBX serum treatments had no direct effect on tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis, but could promote EPCs to differentiate into mature red blood cells, in vitro. Mechanistically, at least in part, DGBX relieved abnormal EPC accumulation by altering the "master switch" transcription factors, Pu.1 and Gata-1. CONCLUSIONS DGBX significantly alleviates abnormal tumor-induced EPC accumulation, inhibits B16 melanoma progression, and enhances anti-tumor immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyin Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, China; No.4 Clinical Medicine School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, China
| | - Fenglin Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, China; No.4 Clinical Medicine School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, China
| | - Chong Xu
- No.4 Clinical Medicine School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, China; Pharmacy Department, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, China
| | - Ping Xiao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, 210023, China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Junsong Wen
- No.4 Clinical Medicine School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, China; No.4 Clinical Medicine School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, China.
| |
Collapse
|