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Kang S, Kim Y, Lee Y, Kwon O. Diverse and Synergistic Actions of Phytochemicals in a Plant-Based Multivitamin/Mineral Supplement against Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Healthy Individuals: A Systems Biology Approach Based on a Randomized Clinical Trial. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:36. [PMID: 38247460 PMCID: PMC10812391 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional clinical methodologies often fall short of revealing the complex interplay of multiple components and targets within the human body. This study was designed to explore the complex and synergistic effects of phytochemicals in a plant-based multivitamin/mineral supplement (PBS) on oxidative stress and inflammation in healthy individuals. Utilizing a systems biology framework, we integrated clinical with multi-omics analyses, including UPLC-Q-TOF-MS for 33 phytochemicals, qPCR for 42 differential transcripts, and GC-TOF-MS for 17 differential metabolites. A Gene Ontology analysis facilitated the identification of 367 biological processes linked to oxidative stress and inflammation. As a result, a comprehensive network was constructed consisting of 255 nodes and 1579 edges, featuring 10 phytochemicals, 26 targets, and 218 biological processes. Quercetin was identified as having the broadest target spectrum, succeeded by ellagic acid, hesperidin, chlorogenic acid, and quercitrin. Moreover, several phytochemicals were associated with key genes such as HMOX1, TNF, NFE2L2, CXCL8, and IL6, which play roles in the Toll-like receptor, NF-kappa B, adipocytokine, and C-type lectin receptor signaling pathways. This clinical data-driven network system approach has significantly advanced our comprehension of a PBS's effects by pinpointing pivotal phytochemicals and delineating their synergistic actions, thus illuminating potential molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghee Kang
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea;
- Logme Inc., Seoul 03182, Republic of Korea
| | - Youjin Kim
- Logme Inc., Seoul 03182, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonkyung Lee
- Innovation and Science, Amway Korea Ltd., Seoul 06414, Republic of Korea
| | - Oran Kwon
- Logme Inc., Seoul 03182, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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Fenech MF, Bull CF, Van Klinken BJW. Protective Effects of Micronutrient Supplements, Phytochemicals and Phytochemical-Rich Beverages and Foods Against DNA Damage in Humans: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Prospective Studies. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:1337-1358. [PMID: 37573943 PMCID: PMC10721466 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage diminishes cellular health, increases risk of developmental and degenerative diseases, and accelerates aging. Optimizing nutrient intake can minimize accrual of DNA damage. The objectives of this review are to: 1) assemble and systematically analyze high-level evidence for the effect of supplementation with micronutrients and phytochemicals on baseline levels of DNA damage in humans, and 2) use this knowledge to identify which of these essential micronutrients or nonessential phytochemicals promote DNA integrity in vivo in humans. We conducted systematic literature searches of the PubMed database to identify interventional, prospective, cross-sectional, or in vitro studies that explored the association between nutrients and established biomarkers of DNA damage associated with developmental and degenerative disease risk. Biomarkers included lymphocyte chromosome aberrations, lymphocyte and buccal cell micronuclei, DNA methylation, lymphocyte/leukocyte DNA strand breaks, DNA oxidation, telomere length, telomerase activity, and mitochondrial DNA mutations. Only randomized, controlled interventions and uncontrolled longitudinal intervention studies conducted in humans were selected for evaluation and data extraction. These studies were ranked for the quality of their study design. In all, 96 of the 124 articles identified reported studies that achieved a quality assessment score ≥ 5 (from a maximum score of 7) and were included in the final review. Based on these studies, nutrients associated with protective effects included vitamin A and its precursor β-carotene, vitamins C, E, B1, B12, folate, minerals selenium and zinc, and phytochemicals such as curcumin (with piperine), lycopene, and proanthocyanidins. These findings highlight the importance of nutrients involved in (i) DNA metabolism and repair (folate, vitamin B12, and zinc) and (ii) prevention of oxidative stress and inflammation (vitamins A, C, E, lycopene, curcumin, proanthocyanidins, selenium, and zinc). Supplementation with certain micronutrients and their combinations may reduce DNA damage and promote cellular health by improving the maintenance of genome integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Fenech
- Molecular Diagnostics Solutions, CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Clinical and Health Sciences, Health and Biomedical Innovation, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Genome Health Foundation, North Brighton, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Caroline F Bull
- Molecular Diagnostics Solutions, CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; School of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - B Jan-Willem Van Klinken
- GSK Consumer Healthcare (now named Haleon), Warren, New Jersey, USA; Brightseed, San Francisco, CA, United States.
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Mišík M, Staudinger M, Kundi M, Worel N, Nersesyan A, Ferk F, Dusinska M, Azqueta A, Møller P, Knasmueller S. Use of the Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis Assay for the Detection of DNA-protective Dietary Factors: Results of Human Intervention Studies. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2023; 791:108458. [PMID: 37031732 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2023.108458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
The single cell gel electrophoresis technique is based on the measurement of DNA migration in an electric field and enables to investigate via determination of DNA-damage the impact of foods and their constituents on the genetic stability. DNA-damage leads to adverse effects including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders and infertility. In the last 25 years approximately 90 human intervention trials have been published in which DNA-damage, formation of oxidized bases, alterations of the sensitivity towards reactive oxygen species and chemicals and of repair functions were investigated with this technique. In approximately 50% of the studies protective effects were observed. Pronounced protection was found with certain plant foods (spinach, kiwi fruits, onions), coffee, green tea, honey and olive oil. Also diets with increased contents of vegetables caused positive effects. Small amounts of certain phenolics (gallic acid, xanthohumol) prevented oxidative damage of DNA; with antioxidant vitamins and cholecalciferol protective effects were only detected after intake of doses that exceed the recommended daily uptake values. The evaluation of the quality of the studies showed that many have methodological shortcomings (lack of controls, no calibration of repair enzymes, inadequate control of the compliance and statistical analyses) which should be avoided in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Mišík
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marlen Staudinger
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Kundi
- Center for Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadine Worel
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Armen Nersesyan
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Ferk
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Health Effects Laboratory, Department of Environmental Chemistry, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Instituttveien 18, 2002 Kjeller, Norway
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Peter Møller
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Siegfried Knasmueller
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Fidianingsih I, Aryandono T, Widyarini S, Herwiyanti S, Sunarti. Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea L.) as a new potential functional food: A scoping review. INTERNATIONAL FOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.47836/ifrj.29.6.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Maranta arundinacea L. (MA) is a food that contains phytochemicals such as phenols, saponins, and flavanones that are beneficial to the body. Several studies have also reported that MA contains soluble fibre. These indicate its potential use to prevent and treat diseases. The present review explored the literature on the potential benefits of MA. Published MA-related studies were searched for up to October 2018 using the PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCO, and Scopus databases, as well as Google Scholar up to October 2020. The keywords used were ‘Maranta arundinacea’ OR ‘arrowroot’ OR ‘maranta’ OR ‘West Indian arrowroot’ OR ‘obedience plant’ OR ‘Bermuda arrowroot’ OR ‘araru’ OR ‘ararao’ OR ‘hulankeeriya’ OR ‘Marantaceae’ OR ‘garut’ OR ‘ararut’ OR ‘irut’. The present review included ten in vitro studies, nine of which involved experimental animals, and eight studies in humans. In vitro and in vivo studies in animals show that MA has antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, prebiotic, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, anti-ulcerative, anti-diarrhoeal, hypoglycaemic, hypocholesterolaemic, and antihypertensive properties. However, studies involving humans were quasi experimental, without control and non-randomised, with a small number of subjects. The results of human studies have not shown a significant change in health effects. In the future, MA may increase food diversity by serving as a functional foodstuff. However, additional human research must be conducted.
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Kim SH, Singh D, Son SY, Lee S, Suh DH, Lee NR, Park GS, Kang J, Lee CH. Characterization and temporal dynamics of the intra- and extracellular environments of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum using multi-platform metabolomics. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Lee S, Huh I, Kang S, Nam YE, Cho Y, Kamruzzaman M, Hong J, Kwon O, Park T. Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials Evaluating Effectiveness of a Multivitamin Supplementation against Oxidative Stress in Healthy Subjects. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061170. [PMID: 35334829 PMCID: PMC8955918 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A meta-analysis has been widely applied to draw general conclusions using a set of studies with similar purposes and designs. This study aimed to perform a meta-analysis of six randomized placebo-controlled trials, independently conducted for the relationship between a plant-based multivitamin/mineral supplementation (PMS) and oxidative stress for 6 to 8 weeks, to provide overall estimates of those effects. In detail, linear mixed model analysis was first conducted on each study to obtain individual estimates; then, two types of meta-analysis were applied to combine the individual estimates from all available studies (overall meta-analysis) and region-specific studies (subgroup meta-analysis). In the meta-analysis, we selected 19 biomarker variables that overlapped in at least two studies and found 6 variables significant in at least one meta-analysis. The overall estimates of beta coefficients were 0.17 for vitamin C, 0.80 for vitamin B6, 0.46 for vitamin B12, 0.81 for folate, 0.36 for β-carotene, and -0.17 for oxidized LDL (ox-LDL). Subsequent association analysis revealed significant negative correlations between plasma free radical scavenging nutrients and plasma ox-LDL levels, indicating a general benefit of PMS in alleviating oxidative stress by providing exogenous oxidant scavengers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoyoung Lee
- College of Liberal Studies, Department of Liberal Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Iksoo Huh
- College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Seunghee Kang
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (S.K.); (Y.-e.N.)
| | - Yea-eun Nam
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (S.K.); (Y.-e.N.)
| | - Youngseo Cho
- Department of Statistics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Md Kamruzzaman
- Department of Statistics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Jina Hong
- Access Business Group International, LLC, 5600 Beach Blvd., Buena Park, CA 90621, USA;
| | - Oran Kwon
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (S.K.); (Y.-e.N.)
- Correspondence: (O.K.); (T.P.)
| | - Taesung Park
- Department of Statistics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.C.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: (O.K.); (T.P.)
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Lee H, Park E. Perilla frutescens Extracts Enhance DNA Repair Response in UVB Damaged HaCaT Cells. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041263. [PMID: 33921322 PMCID: PMC8070160 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological processes in skin are associated with exposure to UV light and are essential for skin maintenance and regeneration. Here, we investigated whether the leaf and callus extracts of Perilla frutescens (Perilla), a well-known Asian herb, affect DNA damage response and repair in skin and keratinocytes exposed to Untraviolet B (UVB) light. First, we examined the protective effects of Perilla leaf extracts in UVB damaged mouse skin in vivo. Second, we cultured calluses using plant tissue culture technology, from Perilla leaf explant and then examined the effects of the leaf and callus extracts of Perilla on UVB exposed keratinocytes. HaCaT cells treated with leaf and callus Perilla extracts exhibited antioxidant activities, smaller DNA fragment tails, and enhanced colony formation after UVB exposure. Interestingly, keratinocytes treated with the leaf and callus extracts of Perilla showed G1/S cell cycle arrest, reduced protein levels of cyclin D1, Cyclin Dependent Kinase 6 (CDK6), and γH2AX, and enhanced levels of phosphorylated checkpoint kinase 1 (pCHK1) following UVB exposure. These observations suggest that the leaf and callus extracts of Perilla are candidate nutraceuticals for the prevention of keratinocyte aging.
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Zobkova Z, Fedulova L, Fursova T, Zenina D, Kotenkova E. Evaluation of the adaptogenic propertries of the Quark product enriched with probiotics, polyphenols and vitamins. POTRAVINARSTVO 2019. [DOI: 10.5219/1156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study is to evaluate protective properties of the quark product manufactured with transglutaminase and enriched with probiotics, oligomerous proanthocyanidines and vitamins; the biological experiment on the growing laboratory Wistar stock rats has been carried out. The rats of two from three groups subjected within 21 days to the effect of low-frequency weak variable magnetic field received in semi-synthetic diet composition extra experimental and control samples of the quark product. The index of feed intake and the rats’ body mass growth was registered within 32 days. At the end of the experiment blood serum biochemical index was evaluated. It was revealed that the animals consuming the experimental product substantially gained the mass before the effect (gain from the 1st up to 10th days made up 12%) as well as after effect (gain from 11th up to 32nd days – 10.3%); upon completion of the experiment the gains of these animals exceeded the gains of the rats consuming the control product by more than 28%. The experiment revealed the lipolipedemic and hypoglycemic effect of the experimental quark product that has been evidenced by the significant reduction of cholesterol (by more than 20%), glucose (up to 40%) in the rats’ blood serum. On administration of the experimental dairy product in the animals’ diet subjected to the impact of low-frequency weak magnetic field the effect of the broken balance recovery in antioxidant/pro-oxidant system was observed due to reduction of pro-oxidant load at the enzymatic as well as low molecular links of the antioxidant system. The identified antioxidant and adaptogenic effect of the developed dairy product promoting to reduce the intensity of free-radical oxidation at the impact of low-frequency electromagnetic field on the body make it possible recommend it in dietotherapy for correction of antioxidant/pro-oxidant status.
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