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Lu F, Lin Y, Zhou J, Chen Z, Liu Y, Zhong M, Wang L. Obesity and the obesity paradox in abdominal aortic aneurysm. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1410369. [PMID: 39055063 PMCID: PMC11269098 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1410369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity, characterized by its complexity and heterogeneity, has emerged as a significant public health concern. Its association with increased incidence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases stems not only from its complications and comorbidities but also from the endocrine effects of adipose tissue. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), a chronic inflammatory condition, has been closely linked to obesity. Intriguingly, mild obesity appears to confer a protective effect against AAA mortality, whereas severe obesity and being underweight do not, giving rise to the concept of the "obesity paradox". This review aims to provide an overview of obesity and its paradoxical relationship with AAA, elucidate its underlying mechanisms, and discuss the importance of preoperative weight loss in severely obese patients with AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yong Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianshun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Maolin Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
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Amirsardari Z, Khalili A, Behnoush AH, Agahi S, Amirsardari F, Kohansal E, Sadeghipour P. Bridging the gap: Navigating the impact of dietary supplements on abdominal aortic aneurysm progression- A systematic review. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305265. [PMID: 38923975 PMCID: PMC11207180 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamins D, E, A, B, C, and Omega-3 play crucial roles in modulating inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways, both implicated in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) development. Recent research has explored the potential impact of dietary supplements on AAA progression. The systematic review aims to assess interventional studies investigating the effects of various dietary supplements on the development and severity of abdominal aortic aneurysms. METHOD A systematic search using relevant keywords related to abdominal aortic aneurysm and dietary supplements was conducted across four databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science). Quality assessment for animal studies employed SYRCLE and the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool for randomized control trials. The study protocol is registered in PROSPERO under the registry code CRD42023455958. RESULTS Supplementation with Omega-3, Vitamins A, C, D, E, and the Vitamin B family exhibited positive effects in AAA progression. These supplements contributed to a reduction in AAA diameter, elastin degradation, inflammatory responses, and reactive oxygen species. Additional supplements such as Zinc, methionine, and phytoestrogen also played roles in mitigating AAA progression. CONCLUSION The findings of this study underscore the potential role of dietary supplements in the progression of AAA. Predominantly based on animal studies, the results indicate that these supplements can limit AAA progression, primarily evidenced by their ability to mitigate inflammatory processes and oxidative stress pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Amirsardari
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asal Khalili
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sadaf Agahi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Amirsardari
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Lorestan, Iran
| | - Erfan Kohansal
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parham Sadeghipour
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Higashihara M, Enomoto H, Sumi T, Moriyama T, Zaima N. Similar Distribution between EPA-containing Phosphatidylcholine and Mesenchymal Stem Marker Positive Cells in the Aortic Wall of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Model Rat Fed a Low-EPA Content Diet. J Oleo Sci 2024; 73:895-903. [PMID: 38797690 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess23269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a vascular disease characterized by progressive dilation of the abdominal aorta. Previous studies have suggested that dietary components are closely associated with AAA. Among those dietary components, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is considered to have suppressive effects on AAA. In the AAA wall of AAA model animals bred under EPA-rich condition, the distribution of EPA-containing phosphatidylcholine (EPA-PC) has been reported to be similar to that of the markers of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and M2 macrophages. These data suggest that the suppressive effects of EPA on AAA are related to preferential distribution of specific cells in the aortic wall. However, the distribution of EPA-PC in the AAA wall of AAA model animals fed a diet containing small amounts of EPA, which has not been reported to inhibit AAA, has not yet been explored. In the present study, we visualized the distribution of EPA-PCs in the AAA wall of AAA model animals fed a diet containing small amounts of EPA (1.5% EPA in the fatty acid composition) to elucidate the vasoprotective effects of EPA. Positive areas for markers of MSCs were significantly higher in the region where EPA-PC was abundant compared to the regions where EPA-PC was weakly detected, but not for markers of M2 macrophages, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and MMP-9. The distribution of MSC markers was similar to that of EPA-PC but not that of M2 macrophages and MMPs. These data suggest preferential incorporation of EPA into MSCs under the conditions used in this study. The incorporation of EPA into certain cells may differ according to dietary conditions, which affect the development of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayo Higashihara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University
| | - Hirofumi Enomoto
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Teikyo University
- Division of Integrated Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Teikyo University
- Advanced Instrumental Analysis Center, Teikyo University
| | - Tomoko Sumi
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University
| | - Tatsuya Moriyama
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University
- Agricultural Technology and Innovation Research Institute, Kindai University
| | - Nobuhiro Zaima
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University
- Agricultural Technology and Innovation Research Institute, Kindai University
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Zhou Y, Wang T, Fan H, Liu S, Teng X, Shao L, Shen Z. Research Progress on the Pathogenesis of Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection in Metabolism. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102040. [PMID: 37595858 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm and dissection are complicated diseases having both high prevalence and mortality. It is usually diagnosed at advanced stages and posing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to the limitations of current detecting methods for aortic dissection used in clinics. Metabonomics demonstrated its great potential capability in the early diagnosis and personalized treatment of several diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that metabolic disorders including amino acid metabolism, glycometabolism, and lipid metabolism disturbance are involved in the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysm and dissection by affecting multiple functional aortic cells. The purpose of this review is to provide new insights into the metabolism alterations and their related regulatory mechanisms with a focus on recent advances and findings and provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis, prevention, and drug development for aortic aneurysm and dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tingyu Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hongyou Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Teng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lianbo Shao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhenya Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Yin L, Gregg AC, Riccio AM, Hoyt N, Islam ZH, Ahn J, Le Q, Patel P, Zhang M, He X, McKinney M, Kent E, Wang B. Dietary therapy in abdominal aortic aneurysm - Insights from clinical and experimental studies. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:949262. [PMID: 36211542 PMCID: PMC9532600 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.949262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a prevalent vascular disease with high mortality rates upon rupture. Despite its prevalence in elderly populations, there remain limited treatment options; invasive surgical repair, while risky, is the only therapeutic intervention with proven clinical benefits. Dietary factors have long been suggested to be closely associated with AAA risks, and dietary therapies recently emerged as promising avenues to achieve non-invasive management of a wide spectrum of diseases. However, the role of dietary therapies in AAA remains elusive. In this article, we will summarize the recent clinical and pre-clinical efforts in understanding the therapeutic and mechanistic implications of various dietary patterns and therapeutic approaches in AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yin
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | | | - Alessandra Marie Riccio
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Nicholas Hoyt
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States,School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Zain Hussain Islam
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Jungeun Ahn
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Quang Le
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Paranjay Patel
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Mengxue Zhang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Xinran He
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Matthew McKinney
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Eric Kent
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Bowen Wang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States,*Correspondence: Bowen Wang
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