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Senftinger J, Nikorowitsch J, Borof K, Ojeda F, Aarabi G, Beikler T, Mayer C, Behrendt CA, Walther C, Zyriax BC, Twerenbold R, Blankenberg S, Wenzel JP. Coffee consumption and associations with blood pressure, LDL-cholesterol and echocardiographic measures in the general population. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4668. [PMID: 36949243 PMCID: PMC10033706 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31857-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee, next to water the most widespread beverage, is attributed both harmful and protective characteristics concerning cardiovascular health. This study aimed to evaluate associations of coffee consumption with cardiac biomarkers, echocardiographic, electrocardiographic parameters and major cardiovascular diseases. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 9009 participants of the population-based Hamburg City Health Study (HCHS), enrolled between 2016 and 2018 median age 63 [IQR: 55; 69] years. Coffee consumption was classified into three groups: < 3 cups/day (low), 3-4 cups/day (moderate), > 4 cups/day (high). In linear regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and additives, high coffee consumption correlated with higher LDL-cholesterol (β = 5.92; 95% CI 2.95, 8.89; p < 0.001). Moderate and high coffee consumption correlated with lower systolic (β = - 1.91; 95% CI - 3.04, - 0.78; p = 0.001; high: β = - 3.06; 95% CI - 4.69, - 1.44; p < 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (β = - 1.05; 95% CI - 1.67, - 0.43; p = 0.001; high: β = - 1.85; 95% CI - 2.74, - 0.96; p < 0.001). Different levels of coffee consumption did neither correlate with any investigated electrocardiographic or echocardiographic parameter nor with prevalent major cardiovascular diseases, including prior myocardial infarction and heart failure. In this cross-sectional analysis, high coffee consumption correlated with raised LDL-cholesterol levels and lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure. However, major cardiovascular diseases including heart failure and its diagnostic precursors were not associated with coffee consumption, connoting a neutral role of coffee in the context of cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Senftinger
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julius Nikorowitsch
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Borof
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Epidemiological Study Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Francisco Ojeda
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ghazal Aarabi
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Beikler
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carola Mayer
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian-Alexander Behrendt
- Department of Vascular Medicine, German Aortic Center Hamburg, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Walther
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Birgit-Christiane Zyriax
- Midwifery Science - Health Care Research and Prevention, Institute for Health Services in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Raphael Twerenbold
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Epidemiological Study Center, Hamburg, Germany
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Per Wenzel
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
- Epidemiological Study Center, Hamburg, Germany.
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany.
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Surma S, Romańczyk M, Filipiak KJ, Lip GYH. Coffee and cardiac arrhythmias: Up-date review of the literature and clinical studies. Cardiol J 2022; 30:654-667. [PMID: 35912715 PMCID: PMC10508080 DOI: 10.5603/cj.a2022.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Coffee, next to water, is the most consumed drink in the world. Coffee contains over 1000 chemical compounds, the most popular of which are caffeine, chlorogenic acid, kahweol, cafestol and trigonelline. Numerous studies have shown the beneficial effects of coffee on the cardiovascular system, nervous system, digestive system and kidneys. Due to the high incidence of cardiac arrhythmias, especially atrial fibrillation, the influence of coffee consumption on arrhythmogenesis remains a controversial and clinically important issue. Many mechanisms by which coffee can increase and decrease the risk of arrhythmias have been described. Habitual consumption of moderate amounts of coffee seems to lead to less arrhythmias, which is reflected in the results of many clinical trials and meta-analyzes. This review summarizes the mechanisms of coffee action on the heart muscle and the results of the most recent important clinical trials assessing the impact of coffee consumption on the risk of various cardiac arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanisław Surma
- Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
- Club of Young Hypertensiologists, Polish Society of Hypertension, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Monika Romańczyk
- Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Krzysztof J Filipiak
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy in Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Chieng D, Kistler PM. Coffee and tea on cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2021; 32:399-405. [PMID: 34384881 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Coffee and tea are amongst the most consumed beverages worldwide, and are the main source of caffeine in adults. In this review we present findings on the effects of habitual coffee and tea consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. Mild-moderate coffee/ caffeine consumption, at 2-3 cups/day, is associated with beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome, including hypertension and diabetes mellitus, although may elevate lipid levels. Furthermore, coffee consumption reduces the risk of coronary heart disease, heart failure, arrhythmia, stroke, CVD and all cause mortality. Higher tea consumption, in particular green tea, confers similar cardiovascular benefits to coffee with 3 cups/day associated with improved survival in population based studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Chieng
- The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Baker Heart Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter M Kistler
- The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The Baker Heart Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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