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Qin D, Pan P, Lyu B, Chen W, Gao Y. Lupeol improves bile acid metabolism and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in mice via FXR signaling pathway and gut-liver axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116942. [PMID: 38889641 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has a multifactorial and complex pathogenesis. Notably, the disorder of Bile acid (BA) metabolism and lipid metabolism-induced lipotoxicity are the main risk factors of MASLD. Lupeol, traditional regional medicine from Xinjiang, has a long history of use for its anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and immune-modulating properties. Recent research suggests its potential as a therapeutic option for MASLD due to its proposed binding capacity to the nuclear BA receptor, Farnesoid X receptor (FXR), hence could represent a therapeutic option for MASLD. In this study, a natural triterpenoid drug lupeol improved BA metabolism and MASLD in mice through the FXR signaling pathway and the gut-liver axis. Furthermore, lupeol effectively restored gut healthiness and improved intestinal immunity, barrier integrity, and inflammation, as indicated by the reconstructed gut flora. Compared with fenofibrate (Feno), lupeol treatment significantly reduced weight gain, fat deposition, and liver injury, decreased serum total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels, and alleviated hepatic steatosis and liver inflammation. BA analysis showed that lupeol treatment accelerated BA efflux and decreased uptake of BA by increasing hepatic FXR and bile salt export pump (BSEP) expression. Gut microbiota alterations could be related to enhanced fecal BA excretion in lupeol-treated mice. Therefore, consumption of lupeol may prevent HFD-induced MASLD and BA accumulation, possibly via the FXR signaling pathway and regulating the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Qin
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Peiyan Pan
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Bo Lyu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China.
| | - Weijun Chen
- Xinjiang Second Medical College, Karamay 834000, China.
| | - Yuefeng Gao
- College of Applied Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia 472000, China.
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Xiao X, Li R, Cui B, Lv C, Zhang Y, Zheng J, Hui R, Wang Y. Liver ACSM3 deficiency mediates metabolic syndrome via a lauric acid-HNF4α-p38 MAPK axis. EMBO J 2024; 43:507-532. [PMID: 38191811 PMCID: PMC10897460 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-023-00020-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome combines major risk factors for cardiovascular disease, making deeper insight into its pathogenesis important. We here explore the mechanistic basis of metabolic syndrome by recruiting an essential patient cohort and performing extensive gene expression profiling. The mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism enzyme acyl-CoA synthetase medium-chain family member 3 (ACSM3) was identified to be significantly lower expressed in the peripheral blood of metabolic syndrome patients. In line, hepatic ACSM3 expression was decreased in mice with metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, Acsm3 knockout mice showed glucose and lipid metabolic abnormalities, and hepatic accumulation of the ACSM3 fatty acid substrate lauric acid. Acsm3 depletion markedly decreased mitochondrial function and stimulated signaling via the p38 MAPK pathway cascade. Consistently, Acsm3 knockout mouse exhibited abnormal mitochondrial morphology, decreased ATP contents, and enhanced ROS levels in their livers. Mechanistically, Acsm3 deficiency, and lauric acid accumulation activated nuclear receptor Hnf4α-p38 MAPK signaling. In line, the p38 inhibitor Adezmapimod effectively rescued the Acsm3 depletion phenotype. Together, these findings show that disease-associated loss of ACSM3 facilitates mitochondrial dysfunction via a lauric acid-HNF4a-p38 MAPK axis, suggesting a novel therapeutic vulnerability in systemic metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ruofei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Rizhao Port Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Rutai Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yibo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Cazarin J, Altman BJ. Chewing the fat for good health: ACSM3 deficiency exacerbates metabolic syndrome. EMBO J 2024; 43:481-483. [PMID: 38263332 PMCID: PMC10897420 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00037-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent work identifies mitochondrial acyl-CoA synthetase ACSM3 as a guardian of hepatic lipid processing and metabolic health in mice and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Cazarin
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Brian J Altman
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Member, Catalysts Program, The EMBO Journal, EMBO, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Song S, Zheng J, Zhao D, Zheng A, Zhu Y, Xu Q, Liu T. Quantitative proteomics analysis based on data-independent acquisition reveals the effect of Shenling Baizhu powder (SLP) on protein expression in MAFLD rat liver tissue. Clin Proteomics 2023; 20:55. [PMID: 38036981 PMCID: PMC10691125 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-023-09442-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, and it is also a high-risk factor for the development of other metabolic diseases. Shenling Baizhu powder (SLP) is a traditional Chinese herbal formula with good clinical efficacy against MAFLD. However, its molecular mechanism for the treatment of MAFLD is still not fully understood. This study used quantitative proteomics analysis to reveal the SLP action mechanism in the treatment of MAFLD by discovering the effect of SLP on protein expression in the liver tissue of MAFLD rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Q-Orbitrap LC-MS/MS was used to identify the incoming blood compounds of SLP. The 18 SD male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 6): control group, HFD group and SLP group. The HFD group and SLP group were established as MAFLD rat models by feeding them a high-fat diet for 4 weeks. Afterwards, the SLP group was treated with SLP (10.89 g/kg/d) for 3 weeks. Biochemical parameters and liver pathological status were measured. Rat liver tissue was analyzed using DIA-based quantitative proteomics and the DEPs were validated by western blotting analysis. RESULTS A total of 18 active compounds of SLP were identified and isolated to enter the bloodstream. Comparison of DEPs between control group vs. HFD group and HFD group vs. SLP group revealed that SLP restored the expression of 113 DEPs. SLP catalyzes oxidoreductase activity and binding activity on mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum to promote lipid oxidative catabolism, maintain oxoacid metabolic homeostasis in vivo and mitigate oxidative stress-induced hepatocyte injury. And 52 signaling pathways including PPAR signaling, arachidonic acid metabolism and glycine, serine and threonine metabolism were enriched by KEGG. PPI topology analysis showed that Cyp4a2, Agxt2, Fabp1, Pck1, Acsm3, Aldh1a1, Got1 and Hmgcs2 were the core DEPs. The western blotting analysis verified that SLP was able to reverse the increase in Fabp1 and Hmgcs2 and the decrease in Pck1 induced by HFD, and the results were consistent proteomic data. CONCLUSION SLP ameliorates hepatic steatosis to exert therapeutic effects on MAFLD by inhibiting the expression of lipid synthesis genes and inhibiting lipid peroxidation in mitochondria. This study provides a new idea and basis for the study of SLP in the treatment of MAFLD and provides an experimental basis for the clinical application of SLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufei Song
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570102, China
| | - Jixian Zheng
- Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Dongmei Zhao
- Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Anni Zheng
- Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570102, China
| | - Qiuling Xu
- Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Tao Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570102, China.
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Zhao Y, Li M, Guo J, Fang J, Geng R, Wang Y, Liu T, Kang SG, Huang K, Tong T. Cedrol, a Major Component of Cedarwood Oil, Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200665. [PMID: 37143286 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Excellent health-promoting effects of cedrol (CED), including anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, and antinociceptive effects, have been reported. The present study aims to investigate the preventive effects of CED on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and the related metabolic syndrome, and to delineate the underlying mechanism. METHODS AND RESULTS Ten-week-old C57BL/6J mice are fed chow, HFD, or HFD supplemented with CED (0.2% w/w) for 19 weeks. Results demonstrate that CED effectively reduces HFD-induced body weight gain, decreases visceral fat pad weight, and significantly prevents adipocyte hypertrophy in mice. HFD-induced hepatic steatosis, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and gluconeogenesis are ameliorated by CED supplementation. 16S rRNA analysis reveals that CED does not change gut microbiota composition at the phylum and genus levels, indicating that CED may have limited effects on gut microbiota in HFD-fed mice. Further transcriptome analysis of epididymal white adipose tissue reveals reprogrammed RNA profiles by CED. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that incorporating CED in the diet can prevent HFD-induced obesity and related metabolic syndrome, and highlight that CED can be a promising dietary component for obesity therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R. China, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R. China, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jingya Guo
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R. China, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jingjing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R. China, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ruixuan Geng
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R. China, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R. China, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R. China, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Seong-Gook Kang
- Department of Food Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muangun, 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R. China, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Tao Tong
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R. China, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, 100083, China
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Zheng X, Wu J, Song L, Huang B. ACSM3 suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in acute myeloid leukemia cells via the regulation of IGF2BP2. Exp Ther Med 2023; 25:177. [PMID: 37006876 PMCID: PMC10061044 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.11876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Acyl-CoA medium-chain synthetase-3 (ACSM3) has been reported to be involved in the malignant progression of multiple types of human cancer. Nevertheless, the role of ACSM3 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and its exact mechanism of action are as yet undefined. In the present study, the expression levels of ACSM3 and IGF2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) were evaluated using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis database and AML cells. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine staining were employed for the estimation of the cell proliferative activity. Induction of apoptosis and the assessment of the cell cycle were measured using flow cytometry and western blotting, respectively. The interaction of ACSM3 with IGF2BP2 was confirmed using an RNA immunoprecipitation assay. mRNA stabilization of ACSM3 following actinomycin D treatment was evaluated using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis. The data indicated that the expression levels of ACSM3 were significantly downregulated, whereas those of IGF2BP2 were upregulated in tissues and AML cells. Downregulation of ACSM3 expression was closely associated with poor overall survival of patients with AML. ACSM3 overexpression repressed cell proliferative activity and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. IGF2BP2 downregulated ACSM3 expression by reducing the stability of ACSM3 mRNA. In addition, IGF2BP2 overexpression counteracted the effects of ACSM3 overexpression noted on proliferation, induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of HL-60 cells. In conclusion, ACSM3 repressed the cell proliferative activity and facilitated induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in AML cells by modulating the expression of IGF2BP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jianghan Oilfield General Hospital of Changjiang University, Qianjiang, Hubei 433124, P.R. China
| | - Jinjun Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jianghan Oilfield General Hospital of Changjiang University, Qianjiang, Hubei 433124, P.R. China
| | - Linlan Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Children Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710003, P.R. China
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Zhao Z, Zhan Y, Jing L, Zhai H. KLF10 upregulates ACSM3 via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to inhibit the malignant progression of melanoma. Oncol Lett 2022; 23:175. [PMID: 35497935 PMCID: PMC9019859 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is a type of skin cancer caused by mutations in the DNA of melanocytes. Melanoma is relatively rare compared with other types of skin tumors, but has a highly aggressive biological behavior and consequently, a poorer prognosis. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the role and mechanism of Kruppel-like factor 10 (KLF10) and acyl-CoA medium-chain synthetase 3 (ACSM3) in melanoma progression. KLF10 expression in melanoma tissues was predicted using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA). KLF10 expression in healthy and melanoma cells was also detected using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. Cell transfection was performed to overexpress KLF10 or silence ACSM3. Cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis were detected using Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, wound healing, Transwell and TUNEL assays, respectively. The activity of the ACSM3 promoter was detected using a dual-luciferase reporter assay, and the relationship between KLF10 and ACSM3 was detected using the GEPIA database and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). The results demonstrated that KLF10 expression was significantly downregulated in melanoma cells, especially in A375 cells. Compared with the Ov-NC group, KLF10 overexpression significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of melanoma cells and promoted their apoptosis. Similar to KLF10, ACSM3 was also downregulated in A375 cells compared with that in the HEM group, and the GEPIA database analysis and ChIP assay results demonstrated that KLF10 expression was positively associated with ACSM3 expression. Furthermore, silencing ACSM3 significantly reversed the effect of KLF10 overexpression on cell proliferation, invasion and migration, and ACSM3 knockdown increased the levels of phosphorylated (p)-PI3K and p-Akt compared with the levels in the Ov-KLF10 + sh-NC group. Overall, the present study suggested that KLF10 inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of melanoma cells by targeting ACSM3 via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi'an Dian Medical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Xi'an Shaanxi 210016, P.R. China
| | - Yuanchang Zhan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi'an Aerospace General Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, P.R. China
| | - Li Jing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Jingbian County People's Hospital, Yulin, Shaanxi 718500, P.R. China
| | - Huali Zhai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Changan Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, P.R. China
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