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Zhang H, Yang J, Gu R, Yang J, Dong X, Ren Z, Sun S, Wang X, Wei S, Zhuo Z, Liu Z, Wang C. Healthy diet habits attenuate the association of poor sleep quality with nonfatal ischemic stroke: A prospective rural cohort. Nutrition 2024; 126:112485. [PMID: 39096779 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The combined impact of sleep quality and diet habits on ischemic stroke remains unclear, particularly in rural populations. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the individual and joint associations of sleep quality and diet habits with nonfatal ischemic stroke among rural adults. METHODS A total of 22 536 participants free of stroke were enrolled from the Henan Rural Cohort. Sleep quality and diet habits were evaluated with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and food frequency questionnaire, respectively. The ischemic stroke incidence was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves. Cox regression and restricted cubic spline were employed to estimate the correlation of sleep quality or diet habits with ischemic stroke. RESULTS During an average 3.92 y of follow-up, 665 ischemic stroke patients were identified. The adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of ischemic stroke risk compared with good sleep quality was 1.276 (1.057-1.542). The hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of nonfatal ischemic stroke compared with unhealthy diet habits was 0.693 (0.589-0.814). The restricted cubic spline indicated that the risk of ischemic stroke increased with the increase of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. And the higher the diet quality score, the lower the risk of ischemic stroke. (Ptrend < 0.05). Further analysis indicated that the association of poor sleep quality with ischemic stroke was alleviated by healthy diet habits (P < 0.05). Additionally, a robust correlation remained after excluding individuals with ischemic stroke in the first year. CONCLUSIONS Poor sleep quality was positively associated with nonfatal ischemic stroke among rural adults, and healthy diet habits attenuated this relationship. Developing healthy diet and sleep habits may have potential health implications for preventing ischemic stroke. TRIAL REGISTRATION The Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Register (registration no. ChiCTR-OOC-15006699). Date of registration: July 6, 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiqi Gu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaokang Dong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihan Ren
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouzheng Wei
- Department of Clinical Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuang Zhuo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Salinas-Roca B, Sánchez E, Bermúdez-López M, Valdivielso JM, Farràs-Sallés C, Pamplona R, Torres G, Mauricio D, Castro E, Fernández E, Hernández M, Rius F, Lecube A. Association between adherence to the mediterranean diet, physical activity, and sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) in a middle-aged population with cardiovascular risk: Insights from the ILERVAS cohort. Sleep Med 2024; 116:19-26. [PMID: 38408422 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (SAHS) is a common sleep disorder influenced by factors like age, gender, and obesity. The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) and physical activity have shown health benefits in lung diseases, but their effects on SAHS remain underexplored. METHODS In a cross-sectional analysis of 678 middle-aged individuals with low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk from the ILERVAS cohort, we assessed adherence to the MedDiet and physical activity levels using validated tools. Sleep parameters, SAHS severity, and excessive daytime sleepiness were evaluated through non-attended cardiorespiratory polygraphy and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Multinomial logistic regression models were employed to assess the relationship between MedDiet adherence, physical activity, and SAHS severity. RESULTS The prevalence of severe, moderate, and mild SAHS was 15.5%, 23.2% and 36.1%, respectively. We found no significant associations between adherence to the MedDiet, physical activity levels, and the presence or severity of SAHS. However, we noted a significant interaction between MedDiet and physical activity with minimum SpO2 values (p = 0.049). Notably, consuming more than one serving of red meat per day was independently associated with a higher risk of moderate SAHS [OR = 2.65 (1.29-5.44), p = 0.008]. CONCLUSION Individually, MedDiet adherence and physical activity did not show independent correlations with SAHS. However, when considered together, a minimal but significant effect on minimum SpO2 was observed. Additionally, red meat consumption was associated with a moderate risk of SAHS. Further research is necessary to comprehend the intricate connections between lifestyle factors and sleep-breathing disorders, with a focus on personalized approaches for high-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Salinas-Roca
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova. Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism (ODIM) Research Group, IRBLleida. University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Facultat de Ciències de la Salut-Universitat Ramón Llull Blanquerna, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enric Sánchez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova. Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism (ODIM) Research Group, IRBLleida. University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Marcelino Bermúdez-López
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, IRBLleida. Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (RedinRen-ISCIII), Lleida, Spain; Department of Experimental Medicine, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - José Manuel Valdivielso
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, IRBLleida. Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (RedinRen-ISCIII), Lleida, Spain
| | - Cristina Farràs-Sallés
- Centre d'Atenció Primària Cappont. Gerència Territorial de Lleida, Institut Català de la Salut. Research Support Unit Lleida, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gorina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Gerard Torres
- Respiratory Medicine Department, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa María. Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, IRBLleida. University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dídac Mauricio
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB Sant Pau). Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII). Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Castro
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, IRBLleida. Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (RedinRen-ISCIII), Lleida, Spain
| | - Elvira Fernández
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, IRBLleida. Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (RedinRen-ISCIII), Lleida, Spain
| | - Marta Hernández
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova. Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism (ODIM) Research Group, IRBLleida. University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Ferran Rius
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova. Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism (ODIM) Research Group, IRBLleida. University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Albert Lecube
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova. Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism (ODIM) Research Group, IRBLleida. University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
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Even C, Magzal F, Shochat T, Haimov I, Agmon M, Tamir S. Microbiota Metabolite Profiles and Dietary Intake in Older Individuals with Insomnia of Short vs. Normal Sleep Duration. Biomolecules 2024; 14:419. [PMID: 38672436 PMCID: PMC11047947 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that the gut microbiota plays a role in insomnia pathogenesis. This study compared the dietary habits and microbiota metabolites of older adults with insomnia of short vs. normal sleep duration (ISSD and INSD, respectively). Data collection included sleep assessment through actigraphy, dietary analysis using the Food Frequency Questionnaire, and metabolomic profiling of stool samples. The results show that ISSD individuals had higher body mass index and a greater prevalence of hypertension. Significant dietary differences were observed, with the normal sleep group consuming more kilocalories per day and specific aromatic amino acids (AAAs) phenylalanine and tyrosine and branch-chain amino acid (BCAA) valine per protein content than the short sleep group. Moreover, metabolomic analysis identified elevated levels of the eight microbiota metabolites, benzophenone, pyrogallol, 5-aminopental, butyl acrylate, kojic acid, deoxycholic acid (DCA), trans-anethole, and 5-carboxyvanillic acid, in the short compared to the normal sleep group. The study contributes to the understanding of the potential role of dietary and microbial factors in insomnia, particularly in the context of sleep duration, and opens avenues for targeted dietary interventions and gut microbiota modulation as potential therapeutic approaches for treating insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmel Even
- Nutritional Science Department, Tel Hai College, Upper Galilee, Kiryat Shmona 1220800, Israel (S.T.)
| | - Faiga Magzal
- Nutritional Science Department, Tel Hai College, Upper Galilee, Kiryat Shmona 1220800, Israel (S.T.)
- Laboratory of Human Health and Nutrition Sciences, MIGAL-Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel
| | - Tamar Shochat
- The Cheryl Spencer Department of Nursing, University of Haifa, Haifa 3103301, Israel; (T.S.)
| | - Iris Haimov
- Department of Psychology and the Center for Psychobiological Research, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Affula 19300, Israel;
| | - Maayan Agmon
- The Cheryl Spencer Department of Nursing, University of Haifa, Haifa 3103301, Israel; (T.S.)
| | - Snait Tamir
- Nutritional Science Department, Tel Hai College, Upper Galilee, Kiryat Shmona 1220800, Israel (S.T.)
- Laboratory of Human Health and Nutrition Sciences, MIGAL-Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel
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Gangitano E, Baxter M, Voronkov M, Lenzi A, Gnessi L, Ray D. The interplay between macronutrients and sleep: focus on circadian and homeostatic processes. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1166699. [PMID: 37680898 PMCID: PMC10482045 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1166699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep disturbances are an emerging risk factor for metabolic diseases, for which the burden is particularly worrying worldwide. The importance of sleep for metabolic health is being increasingly recognized, and not only the amount of sleep plays an important role, but also its quality. In this review, we studied the evidence in the literature on macronutrients and their influence on sleep, focusing on the mechanisms that may lay behind this interaction. In particular, we focused on the effects of macronutrients on circadian and homeostatic processes of sleep in preclinical models, and reviewed the evidence of clinical studies in humans. Given the importance of sleep for health, and the role of circadian biology in healthy sleep, it is important to understand how macronutrients regulate circadian clocks and sleep homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gangitano
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Matthew Baxter
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Voronkov
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucio Gnessi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - David Ray
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Peng S, Chen Y, Li J, Wang Y, Liu X, Wang Y, Gu S, Pei M, Zhang P. Correlation among sleep quality, physical frailty and cognitive function of the older adults in China: the mediating role. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1143033. [PMID: 37680277 PMCID: PMC10482234 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1143033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the correlation among sleep quality, physical frailty, and cognitive function in the older adults in community, and to explore the mediating role of sleep quality. Methods A total of 1,182 community-based older adults were investigated with frailty phenotype (FP), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PISQI), Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and self-made general information questionnaire. Results The incidence of physical frailty among the older adults in the community was 25.8% and the incidence of cognitive decline was 19.5%. Cognitive function was negatively correlated with physical frailty (r = -0.236, p < 0.01) and sleep quality (r = -0.558, p < 0.01). Sleep quality was positively correlated with physical frailty (r = 0.337, p < 0.01). Conclusion The physical frailty of the older adults has a direct prediction effect on cognitive function, and is regulated by the mediating role of sleep quality. Sleep quality partially mediates the relationship between cognitive dysfunction and physical frailty, which is a new insight into the study of cognition and physical frailty in the older adults. In the future, we can take measures to improve the sleep quality of the older adults, so as to reduce the occurrence of cognitive dysfunction and physical frailty of the older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhi Peng
- Graduate School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Graduate School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanping Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Funing People’s Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
- School of Nursing, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Graduate School of Nursing, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingyue Liu
- Graduate School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Graduate School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Graduate School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Graduate School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sainan Gu
- Graduate School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Graduate School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyun Pei
- Graduate School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Graduate School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Management, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Association between sleep quality and type of shift work in Korean firefighters. Ann Occup Environ Med 2022; 34:e27. [PMID: 36452253 PMCID: PMC9685296 DOI: 10.35371/aoem.2022.34.e27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Shift work that interferes with normal sleep patterns, is known to be a cause of sleep disturbance and has been studied through various occupational groups. However, it is not known which shift type is better for sleep health. Methods This study included 568 firefighters. Sleep quality was evaluated using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Sleep quality was categorized into 2 groups; good quality (≤ 5 points) and poor quality (≥ 6 points). Demographic variables, depression, anxiety, type of shift, and job were collected by self-reported questionnaires. The χ2 test, t-test, and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the effect of shift type on the sleep quality of firefighters. Results Three hundred thirty-seven firefighters (59.3%) have poor sleep quality. Compared to day workers, the odds ratios (ORs) of poor sleep quality were 2.169 (95% confidence interval: 1.137-4.134) in 6-day cycle, 2.161 (1.150-4.062) in 9-day cycle, 1.805 (1.087-2.997) in 21-day cycle, and 1.485 (0.718-3.069) in 3-day cycle. The ORs of poor sleep quality were 1.697(1.021-2.823) in fire suppression and 2.325 (1.213-4.455) in emergency medical service compared to administration. Conclusions All shift work type except for the 3-day cycle was associated with poor sleep quality compared to day work.
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Sanderlin AH, Hayden KM, Baker LD, Craft S. Ketogenic dietary lifestyle intervention effects on sleep, cognition, and behavior in mild cognitive impairment: Study design. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2022; 8:e12343. [PMID: 36177445 PMCID: PMC9473641 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Sleep and diet are modifiable risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) that may be salient areas for the development of preventive intervention strategies against dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Sleep disturbances account for up to 15% of the population attributable risk for AD. Diet influences sleep quality, such that diets high in sugars, fat, and processed food affect sleep quality and cognition in older adults. The combination of poor sleep and diet health may increase risk for dementia in people with MCI, yet it is unknown how intervening on diet may influence sleep health. Methods The MCI Sleep Study assesses longitudinal changes in objective and subjective measures of sleep between two investigational diet groups in the Brain Energy for Amyloid Transformation in Alzheimer's Disease study: the modified Mediterranean ketogenic diet (MMKD) and the American Heart Association diet. Objective sleep assessments include an in-home sleep study using the WatchPAT Central Plus (Itamar Medical, Ltd) at baseline and the end of the 4-month diet intervention. Subjective sleep questionnaires include the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The MCI Sleep Study outcome measures include longitudinal change in cognitive performance, mood, behavior, and quality of life. Results Study recruitment is currently ongoing. We hypothesize the low-carb MMKD diet to have a beneficial impact on sleep health in individuals with MCI. Pre- and post-diet changes in sleep metrics across diet groups will be examined using mixed effects analysis of variance models. Discussion Early assessment of chronic sleep and diet behaviors may be vital in understanding when interventions are necessary and the lifestyle modifications that should accompany future AD prevention and therapy recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley H. Sanderlin
- Department of Internal Medicine—Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Kathleen M. Hayden
- Department of Social Sciences and Health PolicyWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Laura D. Baker
- Department of Internal Medicine—Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Social Sciences and Health PolicyWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Internal Medicine—Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
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Menezes-Júnior LAAD, Andrade ACDS, Coletro HN, Mendonça RDD, Menezes MCD, Machado-Coelho GLL, Meireles AL. Food consumption according to the level of processing and sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 49:348-356. [PMID: 35623836 PMCID: PMC8942582 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Consumption of ultra-processed foods is negatively associated with health outcomes, however, the contribution to sleep quality is limited. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the association between food intake by frequency and degree of processing and sleep quality in adults during the covid-19 pandemic. METHODS Population-based survey of adults from October to December 2020 in the Iron Quadrangle region, Brazil. The exposure variable was a food intake score that considered the frequency of consumption and food processing degree. The total score ranged from 0 (best) to 48 points (worst food quality), categorized into quartiles. Furthermore, we also evaluated whether individuals replaced their lunch and/or dinner based mostly on fresh/minimally processed foods for ultra-processed foods, for five or more days in the week. The outcome variable was sleep quality assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. We constructed a contrasting directed acyclic graph (DAG) model to estimate the adjusted odds ratio of the association between score eating and sleep, by logistic regression. RESULTS Most of the 1762 individuals evaluated had poor sleep quality (52.5%). The minimum and maximum food scores were 0 and 30 points (mean 9.16; 95% CI 8.50, 9.81). The higher values of the score corresponded to lower consumption of fresh and minimally processed foods and higher consumption of ultraprocessed foods. In multivariate analysis, individuals in the third food consumption score had 71% greater odds of poor sleep quality (OR = 1.71; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.85) and in the fourth quartile 144% greater odds (OR = 2.44; 95% CI: 1.32, 2.44). Besides, replacing the dinner meal with ultra-processed foods five days or more in the week was also associated with poor sleep quality (OR = 2.01; 95%CI: 1.14, 3.57). CONCLUSION Higher consumption of ultra-processed foods concomitant with lower consumption of fresh and minimally processed foods is associated with a higher chance of poor sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Antônio Alves de Menezes-Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil,Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), Federal University of Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Hillary Nascimento Coletro
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil,Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), Federal University of Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Raquel de Deus Mendonça
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil,Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), Federal University of Ouro Preto, Brazil,Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana Carvalho de Menezes
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil,Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), Federal University of Ouro Preto, Brazil,Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - George Luiz Lins Machado-Coelho
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil,School of Medicine, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Adriana Lúcia Meireles
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil,Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), Federal University of Ouro Preto, Brazil,Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil,Corresponding author. Federal University of Ouro Preto, R. Diogo de Vasconcelos, 122, Ouro Preto - MG, Brazil
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