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Papakonstantinou E, Zacharodimos N, Georgiopoulos G, Athanasaki C, Bothou DL, Tsitsou S, Lympaki F, Vitsou-Anastasiou S, Papadopoulou OS, Delialis D, Alexopoulos EC, Petsiou E, Keramida K, Doulgeraki AI, Patsopoulou IM, Nychas GJE, Tassou CC. Two-Month Consumption of Orange Juice Enriched with Vitamin D3 and Probiotics Decreases Body Weight, Insulin Resistance, Blood Lipids, and Arterial Blood Pressure in High-Cardiometabolic-Risk Patients on a Westernized Type Diet: Results from a Randomized Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2024; 16:1331. [PMID: 38732578 PMCID: PMC11085203 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of orange juice (OJ) supplemented with vitamin D3 (2000 IU) and probiotics (Lacticaseibacillus casei Shirota and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG, 108 cfu/mL) on cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese adults following a Westernized-type diet. Fifty-three high-risk individuals were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Over 8 weeks, one group consumed a vitamin D3 and probiotic-enriched OJ and the other regular OJ (control). Diets remained unchanged and were documented through food diaries. Measures of metabolic and inflammatory markers and blood pressure were measured at the start and end of the study. Post-intervention, the enriched OJ group showed the following significant metabolic improvements (without changes in triglycerides, inflammation, or central blood pressure): reduced fasting insulin, peripheral blood pressure, body weight (-1.4 kg 95% CI: -2.4, -0.4), energy (-270 kcal 95% CI: -553.2, -13.7), macronutrient (dietary fat -238 kcal 95% CI: -11.9, -1.0; carbohydrates -155 kcal 95% CI: -282.4, -27.3; sugars -16.1 g 95% CI: -11.9, -1.0) intake, and better lipid profiles (total cholesterol -10.3 mg/dL 95% CI: -21.4, 0.9; LDL-C -7 mg/dL 95% CI: -13.5, -0.5). The enriched OJ led to weight loss, less energy/macronutrient consumption, improved lipid profiles, and increased insulin sensitivity after 8 weeks in those following a Westernized diet, thus indicating potential benefits for cardiometabolic risk. This study was a part of FunJuice-T2EDK-01922, which was funded by the EU Regional Development Fund and Greek National Resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Papakonstantinou
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece; (N.Z.); (C.A.); (D.-L.B.); (S.T.); (F.L.)
| | - Nikolaos Zacharodimos
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece; (N.Z.); (C.A.); (D.-L.B.); (S.T.); (F.L.)
| | - Georgios Georgiopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 80 Vasilissis Sophias Ave, 11528 Athens, Greece; (G.G.)
| | - Christina Athanasaki
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece; (N.Z.); (C.A.); (D.-L.B.); (S.T.); (F.L.)
| | - Dionysia-Lydia Bothou
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece; (N.Z.); (C.A.); (D.-L.B.); (S.T.); (F.L.)
| | - Sofia Tsitsou
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece; (N.Z.); (C.A.); (D.-L.B.); (S.T.); (F.L.)
| | - Foteini Lympaki
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece; (N.Z.); (C.A.); (D.-L.B.); (S.T.); (F.L.)
| | - Stamatia Vitsou-Anastasiou
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization “DIMITRA”, 1, S. Venizelou, Lykovrissi, 14123 Attiki, Greece; (S.V.-A.); (O.S.P.); (C.C.T.)
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece;
| | - Olga S. Papadopoulou
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization “DIMITRA”, 1, S. Venizelou, Lykovrissi, 14123 Attiki, Greece; (S.V.-A.); (O.S.P.); (C.C.T.)
| | - Dimitrios Delialis
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 80 Vasilissis Sophias Ave, 11528 Athens, Greece; (G.G.)
| | | | - Eleni Petsiou
- Henry Dunant Hospital, 107 Mesogeion Ave, 11526 Athens, Greece;
| | - Kalliopi Keramida
- Cardiology Department, General Anticancer Oncological Hospital Agios Savvas, 171 Alexandras Ave, 11522 Athens, Greece;
| | - Agapi I. Doulgeraki
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Ismini-Maria Patsopoulou
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization “DIMITRA”, 1, S. Venizelou, Lykovrissi, 14123 Attiki, Greece; (S.V.-A.); (O.S.P.); (C.C.T.)
| | - George-John E. Nychas
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece;
- Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271002, China
| | - Chrysoula C. Tassou
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization “DIMITRA”, 1, S. Venizelou, Lykovrissi, 14123 Attiki, Greece; (S.V.-A.); (O.S.P.); (C.C.T.)
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Saadati S, Naseri K, Asbaghi O, Yousefi M, Golalipour E, de Courten B. Beneficial effects of the probiotics and synbiotics supplementation on anthropometric indices and body composition in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13667. [PMID: 38030409 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Studies have suggested that probiotics and synbiotics can improve body weight and composition. However, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) demonstrated mixed results. Hence, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of probiotics and synbiotics on body weight and composition in adults. We searched PubMed/Medline, Ovid/Medline, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane library up to April 2023 using related keywords. We included all RCTs investigating the effectiveness of probiotics and/or synbiotics supplementation on anthropometric indices and body composition among adults. Random-effects models were applied for performing meta-analyses. In addition, we conducted subgroup analyses and meta-regression to explore the non-linear and linear relationship between the length of follow-up and the changes in each outcome. We included a total of 200 trials with 12,603 participants in the present meta-analysis. Probiotics or synbiotics intake led to a significant decrease in body weight (weighted mean difference [WMD]: -0.91 kg; 95% CI: -1.08, -0.75; p < 0.001), body mass index (BMI) (WMD: -0.28 kg/m2 ; 95% CI: -0.36, -0.21; p < 0.001), waist circumference (WC) (WMD: -1.14 cm; 95% CI: -1.42, -0.87; p < 0.001), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (WMD: -0.01; 95% CI: -0.01, -0.00; p < 0.001), fat mass (FM) (WMD: -0.92 kg; 95% CI: -1.05, -0.79; p < 0.001), and percentage of body fat (%BF) (WMD: -0.68%; 95% CI: -0.94, -0.42; p < 0.001) compared to controls. There was no difference in fat-free mass (FFM) and lean body mass (LBM). Subgroup analyses indicated that probiotics or synbiotics administered as food or supplement resulted in significant changes in anthropometric indices and body composition. However, compared to controls, FM and %BF values were only reduced after probiotic consumption. Our results showed that probiotics or synbiotics have beneficial effects on body weight, central obesity, and body composition in adults and could be useful as an add on to weight loss products and medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeede Saadati
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kaveh Naseri
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Yousefi
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Golalipour
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Barbora de Courten
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia
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Yang T, Fan X, Li D, Zhao T, Wu D, Liu Z, Long D, Li B, Huang X. High Antioxidant Capacity of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei TDM-2 and Pediococcus pentosaceus TCM-3 from Qinghai Tibetan Plateau and Their Function towards Gut Modulation. Foods 2023; 12:foods12091814. [PMID: 37174356 PMCID: PMC10178559 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotic supplementation is a key therapeutic strategy for promoting gut health and maintaining gut homeostasis by modulating functional microbiota. In this study, we isolated two lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains, Pediococcus pentosaceus TCM-3 and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei TDM-2, from Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, and evaluated their probiotic properties and antioxidant bioactivity. In which, TDM-2 had higher T-AOC activity than either TCM-3 or LGG (4.10 μmol/mL vs. 3.68 and 3.53 μmol/mL, respectively, p < 0.05). These strains have shown high antioxidant activity compared to the LAB strains and were found to be acid and bile salt tolerant, confronting the safety issues of antibiotic resistance and the capability of surviving in simulated gastric and intestinal juices. In vitro fermentation experiments with human gut microbiota revealed significant differences in microbial community composition between samples supplemented with TCM-3 and TDM-2 and those without. The addition of these two strains resulted in an enrichment of beneficial taxa, such as the Pediococcus, Lactobacillus, and Clostridium_sensu_strictos at the genus level, and Firmicutes and Proteobacteria at the phylum level. Notably, the TCM-3 group exhibited higher short-chain fatty acid production than the TDM-2 group and untreated controls (acetic acid at 12 h: 4.54 mmol L-1 vs. 4.06 mmol L-1 and 4.00 mmol L-1; acetic acid at 24 h: 4.99 mmol L-1 vs. 4.90 mmol L-1 and 4.82 mmol L-1, p < 0.05). These findings demonstrate that LAB supplementation with high antioxidant capacity and probiotic properties can promote gut health by modulating functional microbiota and is enriching for beneficial taxa. Our study provides guidance for therapeutic strategies that use novel LAB strains to maintain gut homeostasis and functional microbiota modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Yang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730033, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Xueni Fan
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730033, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Diantong Li
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730033, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730033, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Zhenjiang Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Danfeng Long
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730033, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730033, China
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Meng N, Zhou Y, Zhang Q, Yu X, Li H, Liu Y, Liu M, Li Q. Using Inflammatory Biological Age To Evaluate the Preventing Aging Effect of a Polyphenol-Probiotic-Enhanced Dietary Pattern in Adults Aged 50 Years and Older. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:6314-6325. [PMID: 37057839 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A high-compliance dietary intervention was conducted for 2 weeks in adults aged 50 years and older to investigate the preventing aging effects of a polyphenol-probiotic-enhanced diet (P-diet) by using inflammatory biological age (IBA). Following the P-diet, levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, and C-reactive protein were reduced. These effects were accompanied by a significant increase in the richness of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and decrease in CAG_56, as well as an increase in butyrate and acetate and decrease in lysine, uracil, and valine. We optimized a model by a back propagation artificial neural network to evaluate the degree of aging, with an R2 of 0.68. After the P-diet intervention, IBA was younger than chronological age and the inflammatory aging potential (Δage) was observably reduced by 90.12%, with change in Δage having a direct negative association with Akkermansia. Overall, P-diet may alleviate chronic low-grade inflammation and thus prevent the procession of inflammatory aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Meng
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Wangdingdi Hospital, Nankai District, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Qinren Zhang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Xiaohan Yu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - He Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Yanxiang Liu
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Quanyang Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
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Farajipour H, Sadr S, Matin HR, Aschner M, Asemi Z, Banikazemi Z, Mirzaei H, Taghizadeh M. Therapeutic effect of probiotics on metabolic indices and clinical signs in age-related macular degeneration. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2022; 44:229-241. [PMID: 36576143 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2022.2159765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics positively influence age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) given their propensity to attenuate oxidative and inflammatory stress. We addressed the impact of probiotics on metabolic profiles, clinical indices, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in ARMD patients. We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial analyzing 57 subjects with ARMD aged between 50 and 85 years. Subjects were randomized into two groups, and received daily for 8 weeks either probiotic capsule or placebo. Fasting blood samples were obtained at baseline and after the 8-week intervention for the determination of metabolic profiles and oxidative stress biomarkers. After the 8-week intervention, compared with the placebo, probiotic supplementation significantly increased means HDL-cholesterol (Probiotic group: +3.86±4.42 vs. Placebo group: -0.55±4.93 mg/dL, P = .001), plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (Probiotic group: +77.43±168.30 vs. Placebo group: -23.12±169.22 mmol/L, P = .02) and significantly decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (Probiotic group: -0.18±0.46 vs. Placebo group: +0.18±0.25 µmol/L, P = .001). There was no significant effect of probiotic administration on other metabolic profiles and clinical symptoms. Overall, an eight-week probiotic administration among ARMD patients had beneficial effects on TAC, MDA and HDL-cholesterol levels; however, it did not affect clinical signs and other metabolic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Farajipour
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Matini Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadr
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Matin
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer 209, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Zarrin Banikazemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Taghizadeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Qin D, Ma Y, Wang Y, Hou X, Yu L. Contribution of Lactobacilli on Intestinal Mucosal Barrier and Diseases: Perspectives and Challenges of Lactobacillus casei. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12111910. [PMID: 36431045 PMCID: PMC9696601 DOI: 10.3390/life12111910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The intestine barrier, the front line of normal body defense, relies on its structural integrity, microbial composition and barrier immunity. The intestinal mucosal surface is continuously exposed to a complex and dynamic community of microorganisms. Although it occupies a relatively small proportion of the intestinal microbiota, Lactobacilli has been discovered to have a significant impact on the intestine tract in previous studies. It is undeniable that some Lactobacillus strains present probiotic properties through maintaining the micro-ecological balance via different mechanisms, such as mucosal barrier function and barrier immunity, to prevent infection and even to solve some neurology issues by microbiota-gut-brain/liver/lung axis communication. Notably, not only living cells but also Lactobacillus derivatives (postbiotics: soluble secreted products and para-probiotics: cell structural components) may exert antipathogenic effects and beneficial functions for the gut mucosal barrier. However, substantial research on specific effects, safety and action mechanisms in vivo should be done. In clinical application of humans and animals, there are still doubts about the precise evaluation of Lactobacilli's safety, therapeutic effect, dosage and other aspects. Therefore, we provide an overview of central issues on the impacts of Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) and their products on the intestinal mucosal barrier and some diseases and highlight the urgent need for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Qin
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Recycling of Argo-Waste in Cold Region, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Yixuan Ma
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Recycling of Argo-Waste in Cold Region, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Recycling of Argo-Waste in Cold Region, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Xilin Hou
- Colleges of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Correspondence: (X.H.); (L.Y.); Tel.: +86-4596-819-290 (X.H. & L.Y.); Fax: +86-4596-819-292 (X.H. & L.Y.)
| | - Liyun Yu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Recycling of Argo-Waste in Cold Region, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Colleges of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Correspondence: (X.H.); (L.Y.); Tel.: +86-4596-819-290 (X.H. & L.Y.); Fax: +86-4596-819-292 (X.H. & L.Y.)
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Zheng W, Li R, Zhou Y, Shi F, Song Y, Liao Y, Zhou F, Zheng X, Lv J, Li Q. Effect of dietary protein content shift on aging in elderly rats by comprehensive quantitative score and metabolomics analysis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1051964. [DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1051964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In the protein nutrition strategy of middle-aged and elderly people, some believe that low protein is good for health, while others believe high protein is good for health. Facing the contradictory situation, the following hypothesis is proposed. There is a process of change from lower to higher ratio of protein nutritional requirements that are good for health in the human body after about 50 years of age, and the age at which the switch occurs is around 65 years of age. Hence, in this study, 50, 25-month-old male rats were randomly divided into five groups: Control (basal diet), LP (low-protein diet with a 30% decrease in protein content compared to the basal diet), HP (high-protein diet with a 30% increase in protein content compared to the basal diet), Model 1 (switched from LP to HP feed at week 4), and Model 2 (switched from LP to HP feed at week 7). After a total of 10 weeks intervention, the liver and serum samples were examined for aging-related indicators, and a newly comprehensive quantitative score was generated using principal component analysis (PCA). The effects of the five protein nutritional modalities were quantified in descending order: Model 1 > HP > LP > Control > Model 2. Furthermore, the differential metabolites in serum and feces were determined by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, and 15 differential metabolites, significantly associated with protein intake, were identified by Spearman’s correlation analysis (p < 0.05). Among the fecal metabolites, 10 were positively correlated and 3 were negatively correlated. In the serum, tyrosine and lactate levels were positively correlated, and acetate levels were negatively correlated. MetaboAnalyst analysis identified that the metabolic pathways influenced by protein intake were mainly related to amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism. The results of metabolomic analysis elucidate the mechanisms underlying the preceding effects to some degree. These efforts not only contribute to a unified protein nutrition strategy but also positively impact the building of a wiser approach to protein nutrition, thereby helping middle-aged and older populations achieve healthy aging.
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Garvey SM, Mah E, Blonquist TM, Kaden VN, Spears JL. The probiotic Bacillus subtilis BS50 decreases gastrointestinal symptoms in healthy adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2122668. [PMID: 36269141 PMCID: PMC9590435 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2122668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Durable spore-forming probiotics are increasingly formulated into foods, beverages, and dietary supplements. To help meet this demand, the safety and efficacy of daily supplementation of Bacillus subtilis BS50 for 6 weeks was investigated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel clinical trial of 76 healthy adults. Before and during supplementation, gastrointestinal symptoms were recorded daily using a multi-symptom questionnaire. Clinical chemistry, hematology, plasma lipids, and intestinal permeability and inflammation markers were measured at baseline and end of study. Compared to placebo, 2 × 109 colony-forming units (CFU) BS50 per day increased the proportion of participants showing improvement from baseline to week 6 in the composite score for bloating, burping, and flatulence (47.4% vs. 22.2%), whereby the odds of detecting an improvement were higher with BS50 (OR [95% CI]: 3.2 [1.1, 8.7], p = .024). Analyses of individual gastrointestinal symptoms indicate that BS50 increased the proportion of participants showing an improvement at week 6 compared to placebo for burping (44.7% vs. 22.2%, p = .041) and bloating (31.6% vs. 13.9%, p = .071), without affecting other symptoms. There were no clinically meaningful changes in clinical chemistry, hematology, plasma lipids and intestinal permeability and other inflammation markers. In conclusion, the results suggest that dietary supplementation of 2 × 109 CFU Bacillus subtilis BS50 per day is a well-tolerated and safe strategy to alleviate gas-related gastrointestinal symptoms in healthy adults. ABBREVIATIONS AE adverse event; BHD bowel habits diary; BMI body mass index; BSS Bristol Stool Scale; CFU colony-forming unit; CRP C-reactive protein; FGID functional gastrointestinal disorder; GI gastrointestinal; GITQ Gastrointestinal Tolerance Questionnaire; GLP-1 glucagon-like peptide 1; GSRS Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale; HDL-C high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; IBS irritable bowel syndrome; IL-10 interleukin-10; ITT intent-to-treat; LBP lipopolysaccharide binding protein; LDL-C low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; PP per protocol; PYY peptide YY; TG triglyceride; total-C total cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M. Garvey
- BIO-CAT Microbials, LLC, Shakopee, MN, USA,BIO-CAT, Inc., Troy, VA, USA,Sean M. Garvey Department of Research and Development, BIO-CAT Microbials, LLC, 689 Canterbury Rd S, Shakopee, MN55379, USA
| | - Eunice Mah
- Biofortis Research, Inc., Addison, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Jessica L. Spears
- BIO-CAT Microbials, LLC, Shakopee, MN, USA,CONTACT Jessica L. Spears
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How to Improve Health with Biological Agents-Narrative Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091700. [PMID: 35565671 PMCID: PMC9103441 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The proper functioning of the human organism is dependent on a number of factors. The health condition of the organism can be often enhanced through appropriate supplementation, as well as the application of certain biological agents. Probiotics, i.e., live microorganisms that exert a beneficial effect on the health of the host when administered in adequate amounts, are often used in commonly available dietary supplements or functional foods, such as yoghurts. Specific strains of microorganisms, administered in appropriate amounts, may find application in the treatment of conditions such as various types of diarrhoea (viral, antibiotic-related, caused by Clostridioides difficile), irritable bowel syndrome, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, or allergic disorders. In contrast, live microorganisms capable of exerting influence on the nervous system and mental health through interactions with the gut microbiome are referred to as psychobiotics. Live microbes are often used in combination with prebiotics to form synbiotics, which stimulate growth and/or activate the metabolism of the healthy gut microbiome. Prebiotics may serve as a substrate for the growth of probiotic strains or fermentation processes. Compared to prebiotic substances, probiotic microorganisms are more tolerant of environmental conditions, such as oxygenation, pH, or temperature in a given organism. It is also worth emphasizing that the health of the host may be influenced not only by live microorganisms, but also by their metabolites or cell components, which are referred to as postbiotics and paraprobiotics. This work presents the mechanisms of action employed by probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, paraprobiotics, and psychobiotics, together with the results of studies confirming their effectiveness and impact on consumer health.
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