1
|
Siqueira F, Rodrigues F, Ribeiro S, Veras H, Ferreira F, Siqueira R, dos Santos A, Havt A, Lima A. Induced acute hyperglycemia modifies the barrier function of the intestinal epithelium by tissue inflammation and tight junction disruption resulting in hydroelectrolytic secretion in an animal model. Braz J Med Biol Res 2024; 57:e13309. [PMID: 38656073 PMCID: PMC11027184 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2024e13309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic-metabolic syndrome (MetS-D) has a high prevalence worldwide, in which an association with the rupture of the intestinal epithelium barrier function (IEBF) has been pointed out, but the functional and morphological properties are still not well understood. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of acute hyperglycemia diabetes on intestinal tight junction proteins, metabolic failure, intestinal ion and water transports, and IEBF parameters. Diabetes was induced in male Rattus norvegicus (200-310 g) with 0.5 mL of streptozotocin (70 mg/kg). Glycemic and clinical parameters were evaluated every 7 days, and intestinal parameters were evaluated on the 14th day. The MetS-D animals showed a clinical pattern of hyperglycemia, with increases in the area of villi and crypts, lactulose:mannitol ratio, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and intestinal tissue concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA), but showed a reduction in reduced glutathione (GSH) when these parameters were compared to the control. The MetS-D group had increased secretion of Na+, K+, Cl-, and water compared to the control group in ileal tissue. Furthermore, we observed a reduction in mRNA transcript of claudin-2, claudin-15, and NHE3 and increases of SGLT-1 and ZO-1 in the MetS-D group. These results showed that MetS-D triggered intestinal tissue inflammation, oxidative stress, complex alterations in gene regulatory protein transcriptions of intestinal transporters and tight junctions, damaging the IEBF and causing hydroelectrolyte secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F.J.W.S. Siqueira
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - F.A.P. Rodrigues
- Departamento de Educação Física e Esporte, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - S.A. Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - H.N. Veras
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - F.C.S. Ferreira
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - R.C.L. Siqueira
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - A.A. dos Santos
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - A. Havt
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - A.A.M. Lima
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mázala-de-Oliveira T, Silva BT, Campello-Costa P, Carvalho VF. The Role of the Adrenal-Gut-Brain Axis on Comorbid Depressive Disorder Development in Diabetes. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1504. [PMID: 37892186 PMCID: PMC10604999 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic patients are more affected by depression than non-diabetics, and this is related to greater treatment resistance and associated with poorer outcomes. This increase in the prevalence of depression in diabetics is also related to hyperglycemia and hypercortisolism. In diabetics, the hyperactivity of the HPA axis occurs in parallel to gut dysbiosis, weakness of the intestinal permeability barrier, and high bacterial-product translocation into the bloodstream. Diabetes also induces an increase in the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression in the hippocampus. Furthermore, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depression behaviors and neuroinflammation are exacerbated in diabetic mice. In this context, we propose here that hypercortisolism, in association with gut dysbiosis, leads to an exacerbation of hippocampal neuroinflammation, glutamatergic transmission, and neuronal apoptosis, leading to the development and aggravation of depression and to resistance to treatment of this mood disorder in diabetic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thalita Mázala-de-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (T.M.-d.-O.); (B.T.S.)
| | - Bruna Teixeira Silva
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (T.M.-d.-O.); (B.T.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-201, Brazil;
| | - Paula Campello-Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-201, Brazil;
| | - Vinicius Frias Carvalho
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (T.M.-d.-O.); (B.T.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-201, Brazil;
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Neuroimunomodulação—INCT-NIM, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ochocińska A, Wysocka-Mincewicz M, Świderska J, Cukrowska B. Selected Serum Markers Associated with Pathogenesis and Clinical Course of Type 1 Diabetes in Pediatric Patients-The Effect of Disease Duration. J Clin Med 2023; 12:2151. [PMID: 36983153 PMCID: PMC10051659 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Biochemical abnormalities in the course of type 1 diabetes (T1D) may cause the production/activation of various proteins and peptides influencing treatment and causing a risk of complications. The aim of this study was to assess concentrations of selected serum substances involved in the pathogenesis and course of T1D and to correlate their concentrations with the duration of T1D. The study included patients with T1D (n = 156) at the age of 3-17, who were divided according to the duration of the disease into those newly diagnosed (n = 30), diagnosed after 3-5 (n = 77), 6-7 (n = 25), and over 7 (n = 24) years from the onset of T1D, and age-matched healthy controls (n = 30). Concentrations of amylin (IAPP), proamylin (proIAPP), catestatin (CST), chromogranin A (ChgA), nerve growth factor (NFG), platelet-activating factor (PAF), uromodulin (UMOD), and intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) were measured in sera using immunoenzymatic tests. There were significant differences in concentrations of all the substances except UMOD and NGF between T1D patients and healthy children. The duration of the disease affected concentrations of CST, ChgA, PAF, and NGF, i.e., proteins/peptides which could have an impact on the course of T1D and the development of complications. In long-term patients, a decrease in concentrations of CST and ChgA, and an increase in PAF concentrations were found. In the case of NGF, a decrease was observed after the initial high values, followed by an increase over 7 years after T1D diagnosis. Concluding, the results show that concentrations of selected serum indicators may change in the course of T1D. Further studies are needed to establish whether these indicators could be used in the context of predicting long-term complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Ochocińska
- Department of Biochemistry, Radioimmunology and Experimental Medicine, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Wysocka-Mincewicz
- Clinic of Endocrinology and Diabetology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Świderska
- Clinic of Endocrinology and Diabetology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bożena Cukrowska
- Department of Pathomorphology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|