The Role of Nutrition in Pathogenesis of Uterine Fibroids

Structural and Metabolic Changes in Pregnant Rat Uterine and Adipose Tissue Induced by a High-Fat High-Sugar Diet

Pregnancy presents specific metabolic demands, and disruption caused by a high-fat high-sugar diet (HFHSD) have been associated with significant complications, including maternal health risk, fetal developmental issues, and infertility. Obesity-related changes in the uterine tissues may contribute to these challenges. This study analyzed structural changes in the uterus and adipose tissue of pregnant rats on gestation day 22 fed an HFHSD using various staining techniques. Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed morphological changes in the adipose tissue and the uterine structure, including the lumen size and the thickness of the myometrium, endometrium, and perimetrium. The amount of collagen in the uterus was determined by PicroSirius red staining, while PAS-D staining was used to observe glycogen content. Key protein expressions, such as insulin and leptin receptors and UCP1 and UCP3, were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The HFHSD promoted hypertrophy of visceral and gonadal adipocytes, suggesting metabolic alterations. By the end of pregnancy, a significant reduction in uterine lumen size was observed. Additionally, a decrease in insulin and higher leptin receptor expressions in the myometrium indicated significant physiological alteration. These findings offer insight into how an HFHSD affects uterine structure and function during late pregnancy but should be interpreted within the physiological context of gestation-related metabolic changes. Further research is needed to understand the functional consequences of these alterations on reproductive and metabolic health.

Advancements and Emerging Therapies in the Medical Management of Uterine Fibroids: A Comprehensive Scoping Review

Uterine fibroids, benign tumors originating from uterine smooth muscle cells, vary in prevalence depending on patient ethnicity, hormonal exposure, and genetics. Due to their high incidence, these neoplasms pose a significant burden on healthcare systems. Current treatment strategies range from routine monitoring in asymptomatic cases to surgical procedures such as myomectomy or hysterectomy in symptomatic patients, with an increasing trend toward uterus-preserving or non-surgical alternatives. This review examines the existing medical treatments for uterine fibroids and delves into the potential of emerging therapies. A scoping review of the literature was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Medical therapies are divided into hormonal and non-hormonal treatments; however, long-term, safe, and effective treatments in the treatment of uterine fibroids are limited. In addition to established therapies, there is an increasing number of studies investigating the effect of substances such as vitamin D or green tea extract on uterine fibroids. Some studies investigate acupuncture as a possible alternative therapy. While existing treatments offer symptomatic relief and preparation for surgery, our findings point to a significant need for further research into long-term solutions, especially owing to recent limitations in the use of ulipristal acetate due to risk of liver damage. Initial studies involving vitamin D and epigallocatechin gallate are encouraging; however, additional research is required to establish definitive therapeutic roles.

Empowering Strategies for Lifestyle Interventions, Diet Modifications, and Environmental Practices for Uterine Fibroid Prevention; Unveiling the LIFE UP Awareness

Uterine fibroids (UFs) are the most common prevalent benign tumor among women of reproductive age, disproportionately affecting women of color. This paper introduces an innovative management strategy for UFs, emphasizing the curbing of disease prevention and progression. Traditionally, medical intervention is deferred until advanced stages, necessitating invasive surgeries such as hysterectomy or myomectomy, leading to high recurrence rates and increased healthcare costs. The strategy, outlined in this review, emphasizes UF disease management and is named LIFE UP awareness-standing for Lifestyle Interventions, Food Modifications, and Environmental Practices for UF Prevention. These cost-effective, safe, and accessible measures hold the potential to prevent UFs, improve overall reproductive health, reduce the need for invasive procedures, and generate substantial cost savings for both individuals and healthcare systems. This review underscores the importance of a proactive UF management method, paving the way for future research and policy initiatives in this domain.