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Martínez-Sotelo JA, Vallecillo AJ, Parada C, Segura E, Campuzano J, Silva-Miranda M, Servín-González L, Espitia C. Immune Response to the Recombinant Apa Protein from Mycobacterium tuberculosis Expressed in Streptomyces lividans After Intranasal Administration in Mice. Induction of Protective Response to Tubercle Bacillus Aerosols Exposure. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:197. [PMID: 38816607 PMCID: PMC11139747 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03697-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Identifying and evaluating potential vaccine candidates has become one of the main objectives to combat tuberculosis. Among them, mannosylated Apa antigen from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the non-mannosylated protein expressed in Escherichia coli, have been studied. Although both proteins can induce a protective response in mice, it has been considered that native protein can be dispensed. In this work, we study the protective response induced by Apa expressed in E. coli and in Streptomyces lividans. The latter, like native is secreted as a double band of 45/47 kDa, however, only its 47 kDa band is mannosylated. Both antigens and BCG were intranasal administrated in mice, and animals were then challenged by aerosol with M. tuberculosis H37Rv. The results showed that both, Apa from S. lividans and E. coli conferred statistically significantly protection to animals compared to controls. The cytokine immune response was studied by an immunoassay after animals' immunization, revealing that Apa from S. lividans induced a statistically significant proliferation of T cell, as well as the expression of IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-17 and IL-10. In contrast, non-proliferation was obtained with non-mannosylated protein, but induction of IL-12 and IL-17 was observed. Together, these results demonstrate that both proteins were able to modulate a specific immune response against M. tuberculosis, that could be driven by different mechanisms possibly associated with the presence or not of mannosylation. Furthermore, stimulation of cells from BCG-vaccinated animals with the proteins could be an important tool, to help define the use of a given subunit-vaccine after BCG vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Alberto Martínez-Sotelo
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Catedrática CONAHCYT, Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Antonio J Vallecillo
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, C.P. 010205, Cuenca, Azu, Ecuador
- Catedrática CONAHCYT, Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cristina Parada
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Catedrática CONAHCYT, Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Erika Segura
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Catedrática CONAHCYT, Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jaime Campuzano
- Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mayra Silva-Miranda
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Catedrática CONAHCYT, Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Servín-González
- Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Clara Espitia
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Catedrática CONAHCYT, Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Hernández MA, Ledesma AE, Moncalián G, Alvarez HM. MLDSR, the transcriptional regulator of the major lipid droplets protein MLDS, is controlled by long-chain fatty acids and contributes to the lipid-accumulating phenotype in oleaginous Rhodococcus strains. FEBS J 2024; 291:1457-1482. [PMID: 38135896 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Microorganism lipid droplet small regulator (MLDSR) is a transcriptional regulator of the major lipid droplet (LD)-associated protein MLDS in Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 and Rhodococcus opacus PD630. In this study, we investigated the role of MLDSR on lipid metabolism and triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation in R. jostii RHA1 at physiological and molecular levels. MLDSR gene deletion promoted a significant decrease of TAG accumulation, whereas inhibition of de novo fatty acid biosynthesis by the addition of cerulenin significantly repressed the expression of the mldsr-mlds cluster under nitrogen-limiting conditions. In vitro and in vivo approaches revealed that MLDSR-DNA binding is inhibited by fatty acids and acyl-CoA residues through changes in the oligomeric or conformational state of the protein. RNAseq analysis indicated that MLDSR not only controls the expression of its own gene cluster but also of several genes involved in central, lipid, and redox metabolism, among others. We also identified putative MLDSR-binding sites on the upstream regions of genes coding for lipid catabolic enzymes and validated them by EMSA assays. Overexpression of mldsr gene under nitrogen-rich conditions promoted an increase of TAG accumulation, and further cell lysis with TAG release to the culture medium. Our results suggested that MLDSR is a fatty acid-responsive regulator that plays a dual role in cells by repression or activation of several metabolic genes in R. jostii RHA1. MLDSR seems to play an important role in the fine-tuning regulation of TAG accumulation, LD formation, and cellular lipid homeostasis, contributing to the oleaginous phenotype of R. jostii RHA1 and R. opacus PD630.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín A Hernández
- INBIOP (Instituto de Biociencias de la Patagonia), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Comodoro Rivadavia, Argentina
| | - Ana E Ledesma
- CIBAAL (Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - Gabriel Moncalián
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria and Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Héctor M Alvarez
- INBIOP (Instituto de Biociencias de la Patagonia), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Comodoro Rivadavia, Argentina
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